Element Research Project
Robert Waller
Radium
Atomic Number: 88
Atomic Mass: 226
Number of:
Protons- 88
Neutrons- 138
Electrons- 88
Common Naturally Occuring Isotopes: 223Ra, 224Ra, 226Ra, 228Ra
Atomic Mass Calculations:
Radium 223 (mass=223.01850217)(abundance= 0%) = 0
Radium 224 (mass=224.020211821)(Abundance= 0%) = 0
Radium 226 (mass=226.025409823)(abundance= 0%) = 0
Radium 228 (mass=228.031070292)(abundance= 0%) = 0
* I wasn’t exactly sure how the atomic mass ended up at 226 if the abundance of all of the isotopes were 0.
Electron Configuration: 1s2, 2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,4s2,3d10,4p6,5s2,4d10,5p6,6s2,4f14,5d10,6p6,7s2
Abbreviated E.C. [Rn] 7s2
Common Uses: Cancer radiotherapy, neuron source for research purposes, constituent of luminescent paints.
How/Where/Who Discovered: Discovered by Marie and Pierre Curie in 1898 in Bohemia; the removed uranium from the pitchblend and found
that the remaining material was radioactive.
*Pictures on Next Slide*
Radium Pictures
I couldn’t find an orbital diagram of Radium, but on the one I filled out
on the research paper, all of the orbitals were filled up to 5f, where
only one box was completely filled with 2 electrons.
Mendelevium
Atomic Number: 101
Atomic Mass: 258
Number of:
Protons- 101
Neutrons- 157
Electrons- 101
Common Naturally Occurring Isotopes: 257Md, 258Md, 260Md – all have 0% abundance
Calculations showing how atomic mass is found:
Mendelevium 257 (mass= 257.095541368)(abundance=0%)
Mendelevium 258 (mass= 258.098431319)(abundance=0%)
Mendelevium 260 (mass= 260.103652)(abundance=0%)
*Just like with Radium, I wasn’t sure how the atomic mass reached 258 with all of the isotopes having 0% abundance
Electron Configuration: 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,3d10,4s2,4p6,4d10,4f14,5s2,5p6,5d10,5f13,6s2,6p6,7s2
Abbreviated E.C.: [Rn] 5f13,7s2
Common Uses: There are no known uses
How/Where/Who Discovered: Albert Ghiorso,B.G. Harvey, G.R. Chopplin, S.G.Thompson and G.T.Seaborg. It was discovered in Berkley,
California. Mendelevium is made by bombarding Einsteinium with helium ions. Almost no Mendelevium has ever been produced.
*Pictures on next slide*
Mendelevium Pictures
I couldn’t find a picture of an orbital diagram of Mendelevium, but
I filled one out on the corresponding research paper, and on it,
the boxes all had 2 marks in them all the way up to the 5f level
where 6 out of 7 boxes were filled. In the 7th box, there was one
mark
Tellurium
Atomic Number: 52
Atomic Mass: 127
Number of:
Protons- 52
Neutrons- 75
Electrons- 52
Common Naturally Occurring Isotopes: 120Te,121Te,122Te,123Te,124Te,125Te,126Te,127Te,128Te,129Te,130Te
Atomic Mass Calculations:
Tellurium 120 (mass= 119.904020222) x (Abundance= 0.09%) = 0.108
Tellurium 121 (mass= 120.904936424) x (Abundance= 0%)
=0
Tellurium 122 (mass= 121.903043898) x (Abundance= 2.55%) = 3.109
Tellurium 123 (mass= 122.904270029) x (Abundance= 0.89%) = 1.093
Tellurium 124 (mass= 123.902817896) x (Abundance= 4.74%) = 5.872
Tellurium 125 (mass= 124.904430731) x (Abundance= 7.07%) = 8.830
Tellurium 126 (mass= 125.903311696) x (Abundance= 18.84%) = 23.720
Tellurium 127 (mass= 126.905226336) x (Abundance= 0%)
=0
Tellurium 128 (mass= 127.904463056) x (Abundance= 31.74%) = 40.596
Tellurium 129 (mass= 128.906598238) x (Abundance= 0%)
=0
Tellurium 130 (mass= 129.906224399) x (Abundance= 34.08%) = 44.272
= 127.6
Electron Configuration: 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,3d10,4s2,4p6,4d10,5s2,5p4
Abbreviated E.C.: [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4
Common Uses: Used to improve the machining quality of metal products and to color glass and ceramics. Also used in thermoelectric devices,
vulcanization of rubber, percussion caps, battery plate protectors and electrical resistors.
How/Where/Who discovered: Baron Franz Müller von Reichenstein in 1782 in Romania. Tellurium is a by-product of refining lead and copper
*Pictures on Next Slide*
Tellurium Pictures
I couldn’t find a picture of an orbital diagram, but the one I
filled out in the research paper had all the boxes full up to the
5p orbital, where 2 of the 3 boxes were totally filled. The last
box was empty.
Works Cited
• www.google.com (For the pictures)
• www.environmentalchemistry.com (Orbital
Diagram pictures, Electron Configurations, and
How/Where/Who info.)
• www.ptable.com (All info associated with
protons, electrons, neutrons, isotopes, and
atomic mass.)
• www.webelements.com (For any additional info
needed)
• www.dictionary.com (For any words I didn’t
know)