Wool Processing
Spinning with Clean Wool
A. Wash Fleece
Lithograph ca 1850.
Two theories
There are two different ways to clean wool.
1) Clean the wool before you card and spin.
2) Clean the yarn after you spin. This is
called spinning in the grease.
Sheering Sheep
B. Sort Wool
ONE METHOD OF WOOL SORTING
1—The Best Grade; 2—Lowest Grade; 3—Fair;
4—Medium Grade.
Wool hair strand under microscope
• CROSS SECTION OF
A WOOL FIBER
THE MEDULLA IS
FOUND ONLY IN
COURSE WOOL.
• SINGLE WOOL
FIBER
SHOWING ITS
NATURAL CRIMP
WHICH GIVES
WOOL ITS
WONDERFUL
RESILIENCE.
C. Card Wool
• Fibers are combed
in the same
direction to form
rolog for spinning.
• Produced woolen
fibers to spin.
rolog
Machine Carding
• Commercial
Carding machines
and the end
product is worsted
fibers.
• WOOLEN YARN
IS SPUN AFTER
CARDING
• WORSTED YARN
IS NOT ONLY
CARDED BUT IS
GIVEN EXTRA
COMBING TO
REMOVE
SHORTER FIBERS
D. Comb Wool
wool card
• Just like carding; however the teeth are
longer and thicker and not as fine.
E. Spin Wool
• 'S' and 'Z' TWISTS
SHOW DIRECTION YARN IS
SPUN
• THE AMOUNT OF TWIST
IN YARN
DETERMINES THE
STRENGTH. NO TWIST
SHOWS THE FIBERS
PARALLEL; THIS IS VERY
SOFT WEAK YARN. WITH
MORE TWIST IN THE
YARN, IT BECOMES
STRONGER AND HARDER
F. Ply Yarn
Ply: Refers
to the
number of
single spun
yarn
elements
twisted
together to
form a
heavier and
stronger
yarn, called
a plied
yarn. (see
diagram)