Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter
Essential Question:
What properties define matter?
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter
What’s the Matter?
What is matter?
P6
Active Reading #5
Visualize It! #6
• Matter is anything that has mass and takes up
space.
• Matter makes up the materials around you.
• Everything is made up of matter.
• Light, sound, and energy are not matter because
they do not have mass or takes up space.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter
What is mass?
• Mass describes the amount of matter in an object.
• A gram (g) is a common measurement of mass.
• Objects of the same size can be made up of different
amounts of matter.
• Weight is a measure of the gravitational force on an
object.
• The greater the mass of an object, the greater the
gravitational force on the object and the greater the
weight will be.
P7
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter
P7
How does mass differ from weight?
• You would weigh less on the moon because gravity on
the moon 1/6 as strong as it is on Earth.
• Mass stays the same for an object even when
increased or decreased gravitational forces change
the weight of the object.
7) Weight is the downward pull of an object due to gravity.
Because gravity on the moon is less than Earth, an astronaut
weighs less on the moon. MASS STAYS THE SAME
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter
How are mass and weight measured?
Visualize It #8)
Yes – this is a balance, so both sides need to
balance. It would balance the same way on the
moon or on Earth. MEASURES MASS
• A triple-beam balance can be used to
determine mass. The balance compares
an object’s mass to countermasses.
• Weight is measured with a spring scale.
• The standard scientific unit for weight is
the newton (N).
• A 100-g mass weighs approximately 1 N
on Earth.
P8
Measuring Mass – Triple-Beam Balance
1st – Place the object on the scale.
2nd – Slide the large weight (100g) to the right until the arm drops below
the line. Move the rider back one groove. Make sure it “clicks” into
place.
3rd – Repeat this process with the top weight (10g).
When the arm moves below the line, back it up one
groove.
4th – Slide the small
weight (1g) on the front
beam until the lines
match up.
5th – Add the amounts on each beam to find the total mass to the nearest tenth of a
gram.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter
Measuring Space
How is the amount of space occupied by
matter measured?
• Volume is the amount of space that an object takes
up, or occupies.
• Two objects may have similar volumes do not always
have the same mass.
P9
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter
P10
How can volume be determined?
• An object’s volume can be determined by a formula if
the object has a well-defined shape.
• For rectangular solids, volume equals the object’s
length times width times height, or
V = lwh
• To calculate volume, all measurements must be in the
same units.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter
P12
How can volume be determined?
• Liquid volume is measured with a
beaker or graduated cylinder in liters
(L) or milliliters (mL).
• 1 mL = 1 cm3
• Displacement of water in a graduated
cylinder can be used to find the
volume of irregular-shaped solid
objects.
• How many milliliters of fluid does this
object displace?
40 mL
Volume of rock =
5 mL or 5 cm3
Do the Math (p11)
A. What do you know? A.
B. What do you want to
find?
B.
C. Draw and label a
C.
sketch
D. write the formula
E. substitute the given D.
values
E.
F. Solve (multiply)
F.
G. Check your units
G.
Length = 30cm;
Width = 40cm;
height = 200cm
Volume
V=lwh
V = 30cm x 40 cm x 200 cm
240,000 cm3
The given units are
centimeters, and the measure
found is volume. Therefore, the
units should be cm3
180 mL
60 cm3
C
What causes the meniscus?
A concave meniscus occurs when the molecules of the liquid
attract those of the container. The glass attracts the water on
the sides.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter
Packing It In!
• Density is a measure of the amount of
matter in a given volume.
• The density of a substance remains the
same no matter how much of the
substance you have.
• Density is mass divided by volume, or D
= m/V.
• Common units for expressing density
are grams per cubic centimeter, or
g/cm3.
• Water has a density of 1 g/mL. Thus,
objects with density greater than 1
g/mL sink in water. Objects with density
less than 1 g/mL float in water.
P13
What is
density?
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter
How is density determined?
• Density is mass divided by
volume, or D = m/V.
• Common units for expressing
density are grams per cubic
centimeter, or g/cm3.
•Water has a density of 1
g/mL. Thus, objects with
density greater than 1 g/mL
sink in water. Objects with
density less than 1 g/mL
float in water.
P13
Do the Math (p14)
A. What do you know? A.
B. What do you want to
B.
find?
C.
C. write the formula
D. substitute the given D.
values
E.
E. Solve (divide)
F.
F. Check your units
Mass = 239.2g;
Volume = 92 cm3
Density
D = m/v
D = 239.2g / 92cm3
2.6 g/cm3
The given units are grams
per cubic centimeters and the
measure found is density.
Therefore the units should be
g/cm3
Do the Math (p15)
A. What do you know? A.
B. What do you want to
B.
find?
C.
C. write the formula
D. substitute the given D.
values
E.
E. Solve (divide)
F.
F. Check your units
Volume = 9.5mL;
Density = 2.6 g/cm3
mass
m= Dv
m = 9.5 mL x 2.6 g/cm3
24.7 g
The given units are g/cm3
and mL, and the measure
found is mass. Therefore, the
units should be g
Visual Summary
17)An objects' weight is the amount of apace it
occupies.
18)The mass of an object is equal to its weight.
19)The volume of a solid can be expressed in units of
cm3.
20)An object that floats in water is less dense than
water.
First you find mass of the object
Then you find the volume of the object by water
displacement for something that is irregularly shaped. For a
regular shape object multiply lwh
Density is a calculation dividing mass by volume