The introduction to SPSS
Ⅱ.Tables and Graphs for one variable
---Descriptive Statistics & Graphs
Frequencies
A good place to start looking at your data.
Frequencies
Select one or more categorical or quantitative variables.
Frequencies
Click Statistics for descriptive statistics for quantitative
variables.
Frequencies
Click Charts for Bar charts, Pie charts, and Histograms.
Also, you can create all the following charts in Graph.
Categorical variables
Quantitative variables
Frequencies
The display style.
Descriptives
Descriptives
Descriptives command provides the sample size, mean,
std. deviation, minimum, maximum. If you were interested
in another summary statistic, you could click on the
Options button, and find several other available statistics.
Graphs
Graphs---Simple Bar chart
One categorical variable
Two categorical variables
Creates a chart summarizing categories of a single variable.
Bar height represent a function of either the category variable itself,
or another summary variable.
Creates a chart summarizing two or more variables.
There is one bar for each variable.
Creates a chart summarizing a single variable by individual cases.
Graphs---Simple Bar chart
How the data are
represented on
the scale axis.
Numeric or String
variable
Categorical variable
Graphs---Simple Bar chart
Graphs---Simple Bar chart
Categorical variable
Graphs---Simple Bar chart
Bar represent
-other statistic
Graphs---Simple Bar chart
Graphs---Simple Bar chart
A paneled chart is a grid of subcharts. The subcharts are of the same chart type
and share axes, but for a different group of one or more categorical variables.
Graphs---Cluster Bar chart
Categorical variables
Select a cluster
variable used to
group bars.
Graphs---Cluster Bar chart
frequency of library
use
Not in past year
Less than once a
month
Once a month
2 or 3 times a
month
Once a week or
more
250
200
Count
150
100
50
0
Less than high
school
High school
Some college
highest degree
College
Graphs--- Simple & Cluster Bar chart
frequency of library
use
Not in past year
Less than once a
month
Once a month
2 or 3 times a
month
Once a week or
more
250
200
Count
150
100
50
0
Less than high
school
High school
Some college
highest degree
College
Graphs---Stack Bar chart
Graphs---Stack Bar chart
frequency of library
use
Not in past year
Less than once a
month
Once a month
2 or 3 times a
month
Once a week or
more
500
400
Count
300
200
Each stack consists
of a bar divided into
segments stacked on
top of one another.
100
0
Less than high
school
High school
Some college
highest degree
College
Graphs---Simple & Cluster Bar chart
frequency of library
use
Not in past year
Less than once a
month
Once a month
2 or 3 times a
month
Once a week or
more
500
400
Count
300
200
100
0
Less than high
school
High school
Some college
highest degree
College
Graphs---Interactive---Bar chart
Using the different
colors or styles to
distinguish each
category.
Graphs---Interactive---Bar chart
500
f re qu en cy500
of l i b rary u se
400
Not in p
Less th
Once a
2 or 3 ti
Once a
Bars show counts
300
Bars show
Coun t
Coun t
300
200
100
Less than high school
f re qu e
Not in past year
Less than once a month
Once a month
2 or 3 times a400
month
Once a week or more
200
100
H igh school
Some college
h i gh est d eg re e
College
Less than high school
H igh school
Some college
h i gh est d eg re e
College
Graphs---Pie chart
Graphs---Pie chart
Graphs---Interactive---Simple Pie chart
Graphs---Interactive---Simple Pie chart
Graphs---Interactive---Simple Pie chart
Graphs---Interactive---Clustered Pie chart
Graphs---Histogram
A histogram groups the values of a variable into evenly spaced groups
(intervals or bins) and plots a count of the number of cases in each
group. The count can be expressed as a percentage.
Graphs---Interactive---Histogram
Graphs---Interactive---Histogram
Graphs---Interactive---Histogram
You can modify the min and max values shown on a histogram, as well
as the interval width. This is particularly useful when outliers cause the
majority of values to cluster in a few bars.
Graphs---Interactive---Histogram
75
250
200
50
Coun t
Coun t
150
100
25
50
0
20
40
60
Ag e
80
20
40
60
Ag e
80
Graphs---Boxplot
Boxplots show the median, interquartile range, outliers,
and extreme cases of individual variables.
Graphs--- Boxplot---groups of cases
label outliers
or extreme cases
on the plot,
otherwise,
case number
Graphs--- Boxplot---groups of cases
Graphs---Boxplot---groups of cases
Number of years using the Internet
Graphs---Boxplot---separate variable
Graphs---Boxplot---separate variable
Graphs---Boxplot---separate variable
Graphs---Interactive---Boxplot
Graphs---Interactive---Boxplot
Edit Chart
• The Chart Editor provides a powerful, easy-to-use
environment where you can customize your charts and
explore your data.
• Double click anywhere on your chart.
 The Edit Chart Window displayed.
 There are several buttons displayed across the top and down the
left side of the interactive graph.
Edit Chart
Edit Chart
 Select
a chart element, and then from the menus choose:
Edit
Properties
Collapse small parts.
Edit Interactive Chart