SME NOTEs
Slide 75 has changed. The VOR approach at Simmons AAF no longer exists. It depicted dual VOR minima.
Henderson, NV has an IAP that depicts dual vor minima.
12/18/12 – add a ceiling to TLH slide 12
- corrected page no. of INOP chart on slide 68
1

2

This will be an interactive exercise. You will need the following items on your desk.
1. TLA Vol’s 14 & 19 (or TPP)
2. IFR S
3. AR 95-1, Chapter 5
4. FIH
5. E6B Flight Computer
TD 68
3

Determine Weather Flight Planning
Minimums .
4

Determine weather briefing sources for flight planning purposes.
5

AR 95-1, para 5-2. c. (7)
1. Weather information will be obtained from a U.S. Military Weather Facility.
2. Weather forecast will be void 1hr 30min after weather briefing time if aircraft has not departed.
3. The crew should update weather briefing information on STOPOVER flights.
6

Per FIH, page C-2
1. Face to Face U.S. Military Forecaster
2. Operational Weather Squadron (OWS)
Telephonic (Refer to FIH)
Closed Circuit Television
3. Flight Service Station (FSS)
When use is authorized by local procedures.
Telephone 1-800-WXBRIEF
Remote Communication Outlet
7

 Fort Rucker Weather Station at Cairns.
 http://www.rucker.army.mil/6weather/avwx.htm

 Aviation Weather
 http://aviationweather.gov/adds/
8

If requesting a military telephonic weather brief provide the following info 2 hours in advance:
 Name of person calling
 Aircraft type and call sign
 VFR or IFR and proposed altitude
 Departure point and time (ETD)
 Route of flight
 Destination and ETA
 Alternate and ETA, if required
9

 Check on learning
10

11

The DD Form 175-1 has 5 sections:
 Take off data
 En Route and Mission data
 Aerodrome Forecasts (TAF)
 Comments / Remarks
 Briefing Record
12

11-Apr-20 TH67 / 2741 OZR / 1300
A167 - TSTMS Entire LFA
X
020 - 080
020) 24010 +25 030) 24018 +23
040) 25020/+21 050) 26025/+19
060) 26025/+17 070) 27030/+15
080) 29040/+13
X X
006 LFA
BR
400 LFA
X
X X
X
LFA
SFC - 050
LFA VCTY TS
2
150 LFA
LFA
X
X
X
X
13

X
X
SFC 060 - 080
LFA VCTY TS
LFA
OZR 1200 1800 22010G15 7 SCT 020 BKN 030 29.90
DHN 1200 1800 21010 7 BKN 025 OVC 100 29.98
TOI 1200 1800 26010 7 SCT 030 BKN 100 29.96
MGM 1200 1800 27010 7 BKN 030 OVC100 29.87
TLH 1200 1800 24010G18
1 ½ RA BKN 015 OVC 025 29.87
TEMPO 1400 1800
½ RAFG FEW 010 OVC 015
LFA
X
X
1200
1330
AM (1200 - 1800)
W.G.
14

?
15

E L O B
16


Do I meet requirements to takeoff?

Do I meet requirements to file to my destination?

Do I need an alternate airport for my destination?

Does my alternate selection qualify?
17

AR 95-1, para. 5-3
1. Current weather conditions at time of departure will be used to determine if departure minimums are met.
18

Departure Procedures
AR 95-1, para. 5-3
2. Aviator flying the aircraft at Take-Off determines take-off minima which are:
Logged 50 hours or more actual WX time as
PIC…. 0 cig – 0 vis
Logged less than 50 hr actual WX time as
PIC…. 100 cig – ¼ vis or 1200 ft RVR
19

Current Departure Weather Conditions may be obtained through any of the following when departing Controlled Airports:
1. ATIS
2. Ground Control
3. AWOS or ASOS
4. Control Tower
20

Departure Procedures
AR 95-1, para. 5-3
3. All aviators will comply with published nonstandard IFR take off minimums and departure procedures published in FLIP.
21

 Check on learning
22

NON STANDARD TAKE OFF
PROCEDURES
How do you determine if Non Standard
Take off procedures are applicable to your departure aerodrome?
Look in the TLA.
Let’s go there now.
Vol 14. Table of Contents
23

Refer to the TLA to determine if Non-
Standard Take off procedures apply.
•
Determine if IFR take off Minima is Non-
Standard for
Birmingham, AL
Non-standard T/O minima does exist at
Birmingham, on pg.
XXIV
Vol 14, pg III. TABLE of CONTENTS
XXIV
24

Vol 14
Another method to determine if an airport has Nonsymbol in the Pilot Briefing Section of any IAP
At your departure airfield.
the TAKE OFF procedures listed in the front of this FLIP for specifics.
Let’s go there now. Pg. XXIV
25

What are T/O minimums if you are departing from RWY 6 at Birmingham?
26

What are T/O minimums if you are departing from RWY 6 at
Birmingham?
You must have at least 300 – 1 ¾ with min climb of 282 ft/NM to 1800.
UNLESS ..*.. Or std if your climb gradient is at least 421 ft per NM to
1800. If your gradient is at least 421 ft/nm then your take off minima is
STD, which is: 100 - 1/4 or 0 – 0.
Let’s review E6B procedures on how to convert feet per nm to feet per min.
27

G/S: 80kt
Gradient: 421 f/nm
Use E6B to compute Rate of
Climb, given on inner ring
Ground Speed
1. Set speed index at 80 GS
3.
Determine
FPM. It’s on the outer ring opposite 421 f/nm .
560
FPM

What are T/O minimums if departing from RWY 24?
There is no non-standard T/O minimums published for RWY 24 therefore T/O minimums are 100-1/4 or 0-0. Note there is a published minimum altitude before making turns. 2200 feet.
29

 Check on learning
30

AR 95-1, para 5-2. c. (5)
Destination weather must be forecast to be equal or greater than the published weather planning minimums for the approach procedure to be flown at ETA through 1 hour after ETA.
31

(95-1)
1. Use Weather Forecast (TAF)
2. Predominant Weather will apply
3. Published Weather Planning Minimums. (___).
Cig & vis a. Helicopters may reduce Destination and Alternate CAT A visibility minimums by 50% but not less than ¼ mile.
b. Visibility reduction of COPTER approaches is not authorized.
c. Visibility reduction of approaches labeled “Visibility
Reduction N/A ” is not authorized.
4. Adjust planning minima for INOP components
5. Forecast Valid Times (ETA plus 1 hour)
6. Area Forecast (Use when there is no TAF available)
32

:
Published Weather Planning Minimums
Weather Planning Minimums
Planning Minimums as used in AR 95-1?
33

 This is the ceiling (CIG) and Visibility figures listed in the Minima Section of the
TLA Chart in parentheses under the applicable Aircraft Approach Category.
 Example:
34

the Straight-in ILS RWY 6 approach?
Selected Approach
Helicopters can reduce vis if not prohibited by the IAP.
Determine helicopter Planning Minimums for Cat A
Planning Minimums is 200 – ¼ for this S - ILS 6 IAP
1/4
35

If this is the IAP selected for our Destination what is our Weather Planning Minimums for
DESTINATION WEATHER the Straight-in LOC RWY 6 approach?
Selected approach
Planning Minima for this S - LOC 6 IAP
Helicopters can reduce visibility if not
Prohibited by the IAP.
1/4
36

If this is the IAP selected for our Destination what is the Weather Planning Minimums for the Straight-in VOR RWY 18 approach?
Correct Answer: Need at least 500 CIG ½ sm vis at ETA + 1 Hr to file IFR to this procedure.
½
Vol 14
37

If this is the IAP selected for our Destination what is the Planning Minimums for the
COPTER VOR 336 approach?
Answer: 400 CIG ½ sm Vis
You cannot reduce visibility on COPTER approaches!
Vol 14
38

You cannot reduce visibility if there is a restriction in the PILOT BRIEFING section or the PLAN VIEW of the IAP
39

 Check on learning
40

When is an Alternate Airfield Required?
AR 95-1, para 5-2. e.
When the answer is yes to any of these questions
.
1.
Is Radar Required for the approach procedure?
2.
Are the Approach Navaids Unmonitored?
3.
Is forecast Predominant Weather @ ETA + 1 hr Less Than:
– Ceiling, 400 Feet Above Planning Minimum
– Visibility, 1 Mile greater than Planning Minimum
VFR Exception – Alternate is not required if descent from minimum en route altitude for IFR operation, approach, and landing can be made in VFR conditions.
41

What is the minimum Weather that would not require an Alternate when filing to the
S-ILS RWY 10 approach at MGM?
Vol 14
¼
+400 -1
600 – 1 ¼ or higher required at ETA Plus 1 hour to not need an Alternate
42

.
43

What do the terms, Minimum Altitude for
IFR Operations or Minimum IFR Altitude
(MIA), include?
These terms may include any of the following:
1. MEA, while on an airway
2. MOCA, while on an airway within 22nm of the NAVAID
3. Published Feeder Route Altitude
4. IAP segment minimum altitude
5. MEA as determined by the Pilot when on a “Direct” Route using VFR Sectional.
44

IFR Alternate Planning. VFR Exception Rule.
Determine minimum Ceiling for VFR conditions when applying the VFR exception rule.
3000
V-70
Required information:
1. MIA (min IFR altitude)
2. Airport elevation
3. Required VFR cloud clearance
Airport Elevation 250 ft
3000
V-70

IFR Alternate Planning. VFR Exception Rule.
Determine minimum Ceiling for VFR conditions when applying the VFR exception rule.
3000
V-70
MIA (MEA in this example) 3000
Subtract airport elevation -250
2750
Add VFR cloud clearance, (below) +500
3250
Round up to next 100 feet. 3300. This is the minimum ceiling necessary to have VFR conditions at your MIA.
Airport Elevation 250 ft

IFR Alternate Planning. VFR Exception Rule.
Determine minimum Ceiling for VFR conditions when applying the VFR exception rule.
3000
V-70
3300 CIG – 3 sm would be required at this airport to meet ceiling and visibility requirements that would result in VFR conditions at the MIA.
Airport Elevation 250 ft

MWR
M
M
W
R .
48

 Check on learning
49

50

Alternate Airfield Selection
AR 95-1, Para 5-2. f.
Use Forecast Weather (TAF)
Use Worst Weather
Ceiling and Visibility Requirements
Forecast weather for IAP to be flown must be equal or greater than 400-1 above Planning Minimums
Forecast Valid Time (ETA plus 1 hour)
Use Area Forecast if TAF is unavailable
51

What is the lowest forecast CIG and visibility that would allow this DHN S-ILS 32 approach to be used as an Alternate?
Vol 14
Planning Minimums
Add +400 - 1
¼
Lowest forecast is 600 1 ¼ at ETA +
1 hr to use this IAP as an alternate
52

An Approach procedure will not be selected as an alternate if:
1. Not Authorized A NA
2. Radar Required
3. Navaids unmonitored
4. B, C, D, or E surface based airspace does not exist or is not in effect at the selected alternate
5. GPS Required
53

 VFR EXCEPTION : “An airfield may be selected as an alternate when the worst weather condition for that airfield is forecast for
ETA through 1 hour after ETA to be equal or greater than —VFR minimums and descent from en route minimum altitude for IFR operation, approach, and landing can be made in VFR conditions.”
AR 95-1, paragraph 5-2, f.
This exception allows use of an approach procedure for alternate even if the previous
5 mentioned restrictions apply
54

Alternate Selection Memory Aid…
 Wx.
Weather forecast equal to or greater than
400-1 above weather planning minima
 G. GPS required
 R. Radar required
 A. A N/A
 M. Monitored NAVAIDS
 S. Surface based Controlled Airspace not in effect.
55

?
56

 Check on learning
57

Determine additional sources of weather information available to the pilot
58

Once you have departed there may be a need to obtain weather updates due to changing weather conditions.
59

See AIM or FIH for discussion of the following.
En Route
EFAS
PMSV
HIWAS
FSS
Destination
FSS
ATIS
AWOS
ASOS
60

?
61

ELO D
Determine how and when to adjustment
Minima
62

Remote Altimeter Minima
Adjustment
63

Go to your TROY ILS
RWY 7 approach chart.
64

Note the PILOT BRIEF instructions regarding altimeter setting.
65

Note, “When local altimeter setting not received, use Montgomery Rgnl altimeter setting and increase all DA to 701 and all
MDA 120 feet, increase S-ILS vis for all
CAT ¼ mile.”
66

701 (300-1)
67

1000
68

1060
69

 Check on learning
70

71

 Non-Precision
Approach procedures for Category A, B, & C:
 Visibility criteria of 1
SM
 Precision Approach procedures for
Category A, B, C:
 Visibility criteria of ¾
SM

Factors that can raise visibility requirements
 Height Above
Touchdown (HAT)
 Final Approach Course
Runway Alignment
 Effect of Obstacles
 Length of final approach

 Authorized Approach
Light System will permit an approach to be certified with visibility minimums below the basic design requirements.

 When the approach lights are out of service all approaches will normally revert back to the minimums that would have applied had the lighting system never been installed.
 Therefore, we as the pilot must adjust the weather planning visibility using the
Inoperative Component Chart or follow the instructions in the Pilot’s Briefing section.

INOP Components minima
Adjustments. Page XX.
Page A1 in the TPP
DoD FLIP p. XX
76

SCENARIO: When planning an IFR mission, you check NOTAMS, and determine that the ALSF 1 approach lights are inoperative for the runway that you plan to execute a VOR approach to.
77

The INOP Components Table requires an adjustment to
Minimums when the ALSF-1 lighting system is inop.
1. Locate the Table that applies to the type Approach to be flown. VOR in our example
2.
Locate the Line that applies to the
INOP component, ALSF-1, and your approach category A.
3.
Determine the amount to Increase
Planning Minimum Visibility
In this instance we will add
½ mile visibility to our planning minimums
78

We determine from the IAP that the published planning minimums for the
VOR approach we intend to fly is listed as: (500 – ¾)
We determined that we need to increase planning visibility by
½ mile from Table (3)
Next we will add ½ to ¾.
½
+ ¾
1 ¼
Final step, we will reduce 1 ¼ by 50% to determine our new HELICOPTER planning minimum visibility.
1 ¼ reduced by 50% = 5/8 sm.
Adjusted planning minimums are
(500 – 5/8) due to inop ALSF-1
79

CAUTION
!
!
!
Ref. AR 95-1, 5-2, c., (5)
80

In this IAP CATs A&B increase vis to 1 sm when the ALS (approach lighting system) is inop. If the minima adjustment procedure is listed in the
PILOT BRIEFING section it is not necessary to refer to the INOP Components Table.
81

 Check on learning
82

Determine Dual VOR minimums
AR 95-1. para. 5-5. a. (4)
83

AR 95-1. para. 5-5. a. (4)
Dual VOR minima apply. Army Aviators are allowed to use dual VOR minima even if aircraft is equipped with only one VOR receiver. Off tuning from the approach Navaid is authorized .
84

Use these minima
Dual VOR minima apply. Army aviators may use
The dual minima using only one VOR receiver
85

•Arrival - AR 95-1 excerpts:
•Acceptance of a charted visual approach clearance is not mandatory.
•Only an approved procedure will be flown.
•An approach may be initiated or continued regardless of ceiling and visibility.
86

?
87

 Check on learning - Quiz
88

TD 68 Weather Flight Planning PE Critique.
1.
Wx brief source? 26 th OWS, 866-223-9328 (FIH)
2.
Wx void time? Add 1+30 to brief time. Forecaster @ 26 th can update.
3.
T/O min @ 79J?
100¼
4.
When to turn on departure? 710 ft MSL (airport elevation + 400ft)
5.
Min climb rate? 300 fpm. (use E6B. 90kts g/s, 200ft/nm = 300 fpm)
6.
Min cig to file to EDN? 500 – ½ (VOR) If planning to the VOR
300-1/2 (GPS) If planning to the GPS Approach
7. Do you need an alternate at EDN? YES for VOR (VOR is umto)
NO for GPS
8. What min wx at EDN would not require an alternate using the VOR IAP?
2200 – 3 MEA 2000, minus field elev (361), plus cloud clearance (500), then round up) 2000 – 361 = 1639 + 500 = 2139 (2200)
9. Min cig and vis to initiate the approach at EDN? 0 – 0 ch 5, AR 95-1
10. Min forecast wx at Cairns that would allow you to use Cairns as an atlternate? 600 – 1 ¼ If planning for the ILS approach 89

THE END
90

96