THE L98A2 CADET
GENERAL PURPOSE RIFLE
LESSON 1 - GENERAL
DESCRIPTION, SAFETY &
SIGHTS
WEAPON HANDLING
ALWAYS SAFETY FIRST!
RULES FOR THE SAFE HANDLING OF
WEAPONS
THE FOLLOWING RULES APPLY, AT ALL TIMES, TO THE
HANDLING OF WEAPONS:
•
•
•
•
A. A WEAPON MUST NEVER BE POINTED AT ANYONE IN ANY
CIRCUMSTANCES.
B. A WEAPON MUST ALWAYS BE HANDLED IN SUCH A WAY THAT
THERE IS NO DANGER OF A ROUND BEING ACCIDENTALLY FIRED.
C. THE MUZZLE OF A WEAPON MUST NEVER BE RESTED AGAINST
ANY PART OF THE BODY.
D. WHENEVER A WEAPON IS PICKED UP WHICH HAS NOT BEEN
UNDER AN INDIVIDUAL’S DIRECT SUPERVISION, IT MUST BE
EXAMINED TO MAKE SURE THAT IT IS NOT LOADED.
RULES FOR THE SAFE HANDLING OF
WEAPONS
THE FOLLOWING RULES APPLY, AT ALL TIMES, TO THE
HANDLING OF WEAPONS:
•
•
•
E. WHENEVER A WEAPON IS HANDED OVER, THE RECIPIENT MUST FIRST BE
SHOWN THAT IT IS UNLOADED.
F. A WEAPON MUST BE IN THE UNLOADED STATE PRIOR TO TRAVELLING IN
A VEHICLE OR DURING NON-TACTICAL MOVES ON FOOT.
CADETS MUST NEVER BE ALLOWED TO FIRE A WEAPON UNLESS THEY
HAVE BEEN INSTRUCTED AND PRACTISED IN ITS USE AND HAS PASSED A 6
MONTHLY WEAPON HANDLING TEST. A PERIOD OF REVISION SHOULD BE
CONDUCTED ON THE APPROPRIATE WEAPON PRIOR TO LIVE FIRING.
SAFETY STAFF WILL SUPERVISE WEAPON HANDLING DURING FIRING.
THE L98A2 CADET GENERAL PURPOSE
RIFLE
It is the standard weapon of used by cadets and
you must become skilled in its use to enable you
to pass you Weapon Handling Test, Shooting
Tests and whilst at the same time handle it
safely amongst your fellow cadets.
CHARACTERISTICS
Magazine fed weapon which is capable of firing single
rounds producing:
• Quick and accurate fire at short range opportunity
targets.
• A high rate of accurate, rapid fire at ranges up to 300m
and accurate deliberate fire at longer ranges.
• A number of individual parts including the magazine,
which holds 30 rounds, are also common to the Light
Support Weapon (LSW)
• With its self loading capability and a 30 round magazine,
a high standard of fire control is necessary to prevent
wastage of ammunition.
• IT IS ONLY TO BE FIRED FROM THE RIGHT
SHOULDER
PARTS OF THE L98A2
PARTS OF THE L98A2
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
NORMAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS (NSP)
Must be carried out:
• At the beginning and end of every lesson,
practice or range period
• Immediately on returning from a patrol or
other exercise or duty, and when handing
a rifle over to another cadet.
‘FOR INSPECTION - PORT ARMS’
1. FROM LOW PORT POSITION ADVANCE THE
LEFT FOOT AND BRING THE RIFLE TO
HORIZONTAL POSITION
2. CHECK SAFETY IS ON SAFE
3. TILT WEAPON SLIGHTLY TO THE RIGHT
AND COCK THE WEAPON
4. HOLD THE WORKING PARTS OPEN
5. TO INSPECT THE WEAPON, OR WHEN IT IS
INSPECTED BY OTHERS PUSH IT
FORWARD AND TILT IT LEFT
‘FOR INSPECTION - PORT ARMS’
6. ENSURE THE BODY, CHAMBER AND FACE
OF THE BOLT ARE CLEAR OF AMMUNITION
OR OBSTRUCTIONS.
7. ON COMMAND “EASE SPRINGS”
8. ALLOW WORKING PARTS FORWARD
9. SIGHTS UP,
7. SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
8. FIRE AIMED SHOT IN A SAFE DIRECTION
9. APPLY SAFETY CATCH
10.SIGHTS DOWN, DUST COVER
HANDING OVER A WEAPON
1.
2.
3.
4.
IF NO MAGAZINE IS ATTACHED
CHECK SAFETY CATCH IS ON.
PERFORM NORMAL SAFETY PRECAUTION (NSP)
SHOW THE RECIPIENT OF THE WEAPON THAT THE
CHAMBER IS CLEAR
5. ONCE THE RECEIVING PERSON IS HAPPY THE
WEAPON IS CLEAR COMPLETE THE NSP
6. HAND OVER THE WEAPON
NEVER POINT THE WEAPON AT ANYONE IN ANY CIRCUMSTANCE
FITTING THE SLING
THE IRON SIGHTS
FITTING THE IRON SIGHTS
FITTING THE IRON SIGHTS
LESSON 2 - STRIPPING &
ASSEMBLING
STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR
NORMAL DAILY CLEAN
• IT IS YOUR RESPONSIBILITY TO ENSURE TH
WEAPON YOU ARE ISSUED IS SERVICEABLE
• THE SEQUENCE FOR STRIPPING AND ASSEMBLING
IS LAID DOWN IN ORDER TO PREVENT DAMAGE TO
THE VARIOUS COMPONENTS.
• THE WEAPON MUST NEVER BE STRIPPED
FURTHER THAN YOU HAVE BEEN TAUGHT.
• IF YOU NOTICE ANY DAMAGE OR DEFECTS YOU
MUST REPORT IT TO THE SSI ON RETURNING THE
WEAPON TO THE ARMOURY
STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR
NORMAL DAILY CLEAN
• CARRY OUT NSPS BUT DO NOT OPERATE TRIGGER
OR CLOSE THE DUST COVER
• LEAVE SAFETY CATCH AT S
• ENSURE WEAPON IS UPSIDE DOWN AND
HORIZONTAL
• FULLY WITHDRAW THE REAR TMH PIN, THEN PUSH
IT BACK 5MM UNTIL YOU HEAR A CLICK
• FULLY WITHDRAW FRONT TMH PIN
• REMOVE TMH BY PULLING THE BUTT UP
STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR
NORMAL DAILY CLEAN
• SEPARATE AWAY FROM RIFLE
• PLACE HAND OVER RECOIL ROD ASSEMBLY
• FULLY WITHDRAW THE REAR TMH LOCKING
PIN (CUP HAND OVER END)
• REMOVE ROD ASSEMBLY BUT DO NOT
REMOVE SPRING FROM RODS
• SLIDE COCKING HANDLE TO THE REAR AND
OFF
• REMOVE BOLT CARRIER
STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR
NORMAL DAILY CLEAN
• LIFT UP THE COVER TO THE GAS PARTS
• REMOVE THE GAS PISTON AND SPRING
• REMOVE THE GAS CYLINDER
• REMOVE THE GAS PLUG (The combination
tool can be used to push the press stud down)
• MAKE SURE THE PRESS STUD REMAINS AT
THE 9 O’CLOCK POSITION.
STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR
NORMAL DAILY CLEAN
ASSEMBLY
• FIT THE GAS PLUG
• FIT THE GAS CYLINDER (this will be lose
so hold on to it)
• FIT THE GAS PISTON AND SPRING
• SLOT INTO THE GAS CYLINDER
• CLOSE THE COVER TO THE GAS
PARTS
ASSEMBLY
• INSERT BOLT CARRIER ASSEMBLY AND
ATTACH COCKING HANDLE
• WITH REAR TMH PIN FULLY WITHDRAWN ,
INSERT RECOIL ROD ASSEMBLY
• ENSURE BOLT CARRIER ASSEMBLY IS
CENTRAL AND PRESS DOWN ON SPRING
ASSEMBLY AND ALLOW REAR TMH
PIN TO BE INSERTED 5MM (ONE CLICK)
• CHECK FRONT TMH PIN FULLY WITHDRAWN
ASSEMBLY
• FIT TMH
• FULLY ENGAGE BOTH LOCKING PINS
• PERFORM A FUNCTIONS TEST
FUNCTIONS TEST
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•
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PRONE POSITION
CHECK SAFETY CATCH IS ON SAFE
SIGHTS UP
COCK THE WEAPON
PULL THE TRIGGER WITH SAFETY CATCH
ON
• SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
• FIRE OFF THE ACTION
FUNCTIONS TEST
• HOLD TRIGGER DOWN
• COCK THE WEAPON
• RELEASE THE TRIGGER (Hear hammer
engaging main sear)
• FIRE OF THE ACTION
• SAFETY ON
• DUST COVER UP
STRIPPING THE MAGAZINE
• MAGAZINE SHOULD BE STRIPPED AND
CLEANED IF THEY HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO
CONDITIONS LIKELY TO PRODUCE A BUILD
UP OF MUD, SAND OR RUST
STRIPPING THE MAGAZINE
• HOLD THE MAGAZINE WITH THE BOTTOM
PLATE UPPER MOST
• USE THE COMBINATION TOOL TO DEPRESS
THE BASE OF THE SPRING LOCATED IN THE
MIDDLE OF THE BOTTOM PLATE.
• SLIDE TO THE REAR UNTIL THE TONGUE AT
THE FRONT OF THE PLATE DISENGAGES
FROM THE SLOT IN THE MAGAZINE BODY.
STRIPPING THE MAGAZINE
• RELEASE THE PRESSURE ON THE SPRING
UNTIL THE TONGUE AT THE REAR OF THE
PLATE IS FREE FROM ITS SLOT IN THE
MAGAZINE BODY.
• REMOVE THE BOTTOM PLATE
• THE SPRING AND PLATFORM MAY NOW BE
CAREFULLY FED OUT OF THE BOTTOM OF
THE MAGAZINE
STRIPPING THE MAGAZINE
• THE PLATFORM MUST NEVER BE REMOVED
FROM THE SPRING.
• IF THE SPRING COMES LOOSE FROM THE
PLATFORM IT MUST BE REPLACED
CORRECTLY OR STOPPAGES WILL OCCUR
• THE BOTTOM LOOP ON THE SPRING MUST
BE LOCATED UNDER THE TWO LUGS ON
THE INSIDE OF THE PLATFORM AND NOT
TO ONE SIDE
ASSEMBLING THE MAGAZINE
• ENSURE THE PLATFORM IS POINTED IN THE
RIGHT DIRECTION.
• INSERT THE SPRING INTO THE MAGAZINE
BODY
• PRESS THE SPRING IN UNTIL THE TONGUE
AT THE REAR OF THE BOTTOM PLATE CAN
ENGAGE IN ITS SLOT IN THE BODY
• USING THE COMBINATION TOOL DEPRESS
THE BASE OF THE SPRING TO ENABLE THE
BOTTOM PLATE TO SLIDE FORWARD UNTIL
THE TONGUE AT THE FRONT OF THE PLATE
ENGAES THE SLOT IN THE MAGAZINE
BODY.
ASSEMBLING THE MAGAZINE
• IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE BOTTOM
OF THE PLATE IS CORRECTLY
ENGAGED. FAILURE TO DO THIS WILL
RESULT IN STOPPAGES
• MAGAZINES SHOULD ONLY BE
STRIPPED AND CLEANED IF THEY
HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO
CONDITIONS LIKELY TO PRODUCE A
BUILD UP OF SAND, MUD AND RUST
LESSON 3 - MAGAZINE
FILLING, SIGHT SETTING,
LOAD, UNLOAD, MAKE
SAFE & SAFE HANDLING
FITTING A DEPRESSOR
AMMUNITION
• RIMLESS
• 5.56mm CALIBRE
• MANUFACTURING INFO STAMPED ON THE
BASE OF EACH ROUND
• ISSUED IN 10rnd CLIPS or BOXES OF 30rnds
or 50rnds
• MAGAZINE CHARGERS ARE HELPFUL WHEN
ISSUED CLIPPED AMMUNITION
TYPES OF AMMUNITION
• BALL AMMUNITION
– SMOOTH BRASS CARTRIDGE CASE
– JACKETED BULLET
– PERCUSSION CAP IN BASE
TYPES OF AMMUNITION
• BALL AMMUNITION
TYPES OF AMMUNITION
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•
BLANK AMMUNITION
BRASS CASE
NO BULLET
THE END IS CRIMPED
PERCUSSION CAP IN BASE
TYPES OF AMMUNITION
• BLANK AMMUNITION
TYPES OF AMMUNITION
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•
•
•
DRILL AMMUNITION
SILVER CASE WITH GROOVES
COPPER JACKETED BULLET
NO PERCUSSION CAP IN BASE
TYPES OF AMMUNITION
• DRILL AMMUNITION
CARE OF AMMUNITION &
MAGAZINES
• EXPOSING TO DIRECT SUN RAYS MAY REDUCE
ACCURACY
• NEVER USE A ROUND AS A TOOL
• DO NOT TAMPER WITH AMMUNITION IT IS
DANGEROUS AND ILLEGAL
• DAMAGED ROUNDS MUST NOT BE FIRED. PUT TO
ONE SIDE AND HAND IN TO DIRECTING STAFF
• INSPECT MAGAZINE. DAMAGED MAGAZINES WILL
CAUSE STOPPAGES
• CARRY MAGAZINES WITH PLATFORMS
UPPERMOST IN POUCHES. THIS STOPS THE LIPS
BEING DAMAGED WHEN WEBBING IS DROPPED.
FILLING MAGAZINES
• MAGAZINE HOLDS 30 ROUNDS
• IN TRAINING ONLY FILL THE MAGAZINE
WITH THE NUMBER AND TYPE YOU ARE
ORDERED TO
• TWO METHODS FOR FILLING A MAGAZINE
• WITH CHARGER
• WITHOUT CHARGER
FILLING MAGAZINES
• FILLING A MAGAZINE USING A CHARGER
FILLING MAGAZINES
• FILLING A MAGAZINE WITHOUT USING A
CHARGER
EMPTYING MAGAZINES
• TWO METHODS
• USING A CLIP, PUSH DOWN ON EVERY
SECOND ROUND
• USING A CLIP, PUSH THE REAR OF EACH
TOP ROUND AWAY FROM THE MAGAZINE
LIPS
SIGHT SETTING
• TWO APPERTURES ON THE REAR SIGHT
• CHANGED BY PUSHING LEAF SIGHT BACKWARDS
AND FORWARDS
• THE SMALL APERTURE IS STAMPED 200 METRES
• THIS IS USED TO ENGAGE ALL TARGETS BETWEEN
0 - 300 METRES
• AT NIGHT SWITCH TO THE LARGER APERTURE
LOAD, READY & UNLOAD
•
•
•
A WEAPON IS LOADED WHEN A MAGAZINE
IS FITTED
A WEAPON IS READY WHEN IT IS COCKED
AND A ROUND IS IN THE CHAMBER
A WEAPON IS UNLOADED WHEN THERE IS
NO MAGAZINE FITTED AND THE WEAPON
HAS BEEN CLEARED OF ALL AMMUNITION
(NSP)
LOAD
• PRONE POSITION
1. ENSURE SAFETY CATCH IS ON.
2. TAKE HOLD OF LOADED MAGAZINE AND
ENSURE TOP ROUNDS ARE POSITIONED
CORRECTLY.
3. PUSH MAGAZINE FIRMLY INTO THE
MAGAZINE HOUSING. (Until you hear an
audible click)
4. CHECK MAGAZINE IS SECURE.
READY
1.
2.
3.
4.
ENSURE SAFETY CATCH ON.
SET SIGHTS, RANGE AS REQUIRED.
COCK THE WEAPON.
FORWARD ASSIST
UNLOAD
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
APPLY SAFETY CATCH.
REMOVE THE MAGAZINE.
HOLD WORKING PARTS TO THE REAR
SEVEN POINT CHECK
OPERATE BOLT RELEASE CATCH.
FORWARD ASSIST
SIGHTS UP
SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE.
FIRE AN AIMED SHOT - (IN A SAFE DIRECTION).
SAFETY CATCH TO SAFE
SIGHTS DOWN.
DUST COVER UP
MAKE SAFE
(UNLOAD FOLLOWED BY PUTTING A NEW
MAGAZINE ON)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
APPLY SAFETY CATCH.
REMOVE THE MAGAZINE.
HOLD WORKING PARTS TO THE REAR
SEVEN POINT CHECK
OPERATE BOLT RELEASE CATCH.
FORWARD ASSIST
MAKE SAFE
(UNLOAD FOLLOWED BY PUTTING A NEW
MAGAZINE ON)
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
SIGHTS UP
SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE.
FIRE AN AIMED SHOT - (IN A SAFE DIRECTION).
SAFETY CATCH TO SAFE
SIGHTS DOWN.
DUST COVER UP
APPLY A NEW MAGAZINE
SAFE HANDLING WITH A MAGAZINE
FITTED
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
SAFETY CATCH ON UNLESS YOU ARE TOLD OTHERWISE
FINGER OF THE TRIGGER UNLESS ACTUALLY FIRING
RIFLE IS UNLOADED ON COMMAND OR WHEN YOU ARE
UNABLE TO ENSURE ITS SAFETY e.g. WHEN LEAVING THE
WEAPON IN SOMEONE ELSES CARE
WHEN HANDING OVER A WEAPON ALWAYS PERFORM A
FULL UNLOAD
ALWAYS CARRY OUT DRILLS IN THE PRONE POSITION
NEVER POINT A WEAPON AT ANYONE IN ANY
CIRCUMSTANCE
LESSON 4 - CLEANING &
MAINTENANCE
CLEANING & MAINTENANCE
•IT IS YOUR JOB TO MAINTAIN THE WEAPON
THAT IS ISSUED TO YOU.
•LACK OF LUBRICATION IS THE GREATEST
CAUSE OF STOPPAGES
•ENSURE OIL BOTTLES ARE KEPT FULL
THE CLEANING KIT
THE COMBINATION TOOL
LEVEL OF CLEANING
• UNIT CLEANING
– USED TO BRING THE WEAPON UP TO THE HIGHEST POSSIBLE
STANDARD OF CLEANLINESS
– ACHIEVED BY CLEANING AND INSPECTION AT INTERVALS SET
OUT BY THE COMMANDING OFFICER
– AVAILIABLITY OF SPARE PARTS MEANS FIXING WEAPONS IS NOT
A PROBLEM
LEVEL OF CLEANING
• HARBOUR OR PATROL BASE
– CLEANING MUST STILL BE CARRIED (USING THE BUDDY BUDDY
SYSTEM)
– SWIFT & PRACTISED DRILLS ARE REQUIRED TO ENSURE ALL
PARTS ARE CLEANED PROPERLY
– ANY BROKEN PARTS, MISSING CLEANING KIT ITEMS OR EMPTY
OIL BOTTLES MUST BE REPORTED IMMEDIATELY IN ORDER TO
GET A RESUPPLY AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE
LEVEL OF CLEANING
• RANGE AND DRY TRAINING
– BEFORE FIRING - INSPECT THE RIFLE AND DETERMINE IF IT
REQUIRES ADDITIONAL LUBRICTATION
– DURING FIRING - WHEN AN OPPORTUNITY EXISTS, LUBRICATE
AS TAUGHT
– AFTER FIRING - CLEAN UP TO UNIT CLEANING STANDARD
CLEANING
•
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STRIP WEAPON DOWN FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEANING
USE GP SOFT BRUSH TO REMOVE LOOSE DIRT
WITH LIGHTLY OILED FLANNELETTE, CLEAN OUTSIDE OF WEAPON
AND THEN WIPE DRY
FIT CHAMBER /BARREL EXTENSION BRUSH TO ROD AND USE
CLOCKWISE UNTIL CLEAN. TILT THE WEAPON SO THE MUZZLE IS
POINTING UP, THIS WILL ALLOW DIRT TO FALL OUT WHEN THE
CHAMBER/ BARREL EXTENSION BRUSH IS TAKEN OUT
USE GP SOFT BRUSH AND FLANELETTE TO CLEAN THE INSIDE OF
THE BODY
WIPE THE GAS PISTON, GAS CYLINDER AND GAS PLUG CLEAN
REMOVE CARBON WITH THE WIRE BRUSH, GAS BLOCK CLEANING
BRUSH AND SCRAPERS ON THE COMBINATION TOOL.
CLEANING
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PULL THE BARREL THROUGH WITH A LUBRICATED BORE BRUSH
PULL BARREL THROUGH WITH ALTERNATING DRY AND OILY
FLANELETTE, FINISH WITH A DRY FLANELETTER
ENSURE YOU ONLY PULL THE BARREL WITH ONE SQUARE OF
FLANELETTE (45MM X 45MM)
EXAMINE THE BARREL FOR CLEANLINESS.
DRY CLEAN THE WEAPON AND EXAMINE IT FOR DAMAGE
LIGHTLY OIL THE WEAPON AND MAGAZINE
ASSEMBLE THE WEAPON AND PERFORM THE FUNCTIONS TEST
MAGAZINES SHOULD BE STRIPPED AND DRY CLEANED. NO
ABRASIVE MATERIALS SHOULD BE USED
INSPECTION FOR DAMAGE
•
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BOLT - CRACKS, ESPECIALLY IN THE CAM STUD RECESS AREA
FIRING PIN - BENT, CRAKED, BLUNTED
CAM STUD - CRACKED OR CHIPPED
FIRING PIN RETAINING PIN - BENT OR BADLY WORN
EXTRACTOR/ EXTRACTOR SPRING - CHIPPED OR BROKEN EDGES
RECOIL ROD ASSEMBLY - ROD & SPRINGS ARE NOT BENT OR DAMAGED
COCKING HANDLE - CRACKS OR FRACTURES AND THAT THE LOCATING PIN
IS NOT BENT OR DAMAGED
TMH - DAMAGE OR WEAR. ESPECIALLY THE BOLT RELEASE CATCH,
HOLDING OPEN CATCH AND SAFETY CATCH
BODY - DAMAGE AND WEAR
GAS PISTON AND SPRING - CRACKS, BENT OR DAMAGED
GAS PLUG - CRACKS, OPERATES FREELY AND NOT BENT
GAS CYLINDER - CRACKS
MAGAZINE - BENT LIPS, DENTED, SPRING STRETCHED OR DISTORTED
AMMUNITION - CLEAN, DRY OR DAMAGED
CLEANING IN THE FIELD
•
•
•
•
•
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NEVER TAKE THE WEAPON APART FULLY
UNLOAD THE WEAPON
APPLY THE HOLDING OPEN CATCH
USE THE BARREL EXTENSION CLEANER TO OIL, CLEAN AND LIBERALLY
LUBRICATE THE BARREL EXTENSION, FACE OF THE BOLT, LOCKING SPLINES
AND CHAMBER
PULL THROUGH THE BARREL WITH LUBRICATED AND DRY FLANELETTE
REMOVE THE TMH AND USE THE GP SOFT BRUSH AND FLANELETTE TO
LUBRICATE THE SAFETY CATCH, HOLDING OPEN CATCH, BOLT RELEASE
CATCH AND TRIGGER MECHANISM.
LUBRICATE THE RECOIL RODS, SPRING AND BOLT CARRIER WHILST STILL
LOCKED IN PLACE
REPLACE THE TMH AND RELOAD
OPEN THE GAS ASSEMBLY TOP COVER AND REMOVE THE GAS PARTS
REMOVE ANY LARGE CARBON DEPOSITS, RELUBRICATE AND ASSEMBLE
CLEANING IN ADVERSE
CONDITIONS
•
HEAVY RAIN AND DAMP CONDITIONS
–
–
•
INSPECT FREQUENTLY FOR RUST
CLEAN AS NORMAL
DRY, SANDY OR DUSTY CONDITIONS
–
–
–
–
KEEP RIFLE DRY
SWEAT IN THE SUN AND WIPE CLEANAND DRY
REMOVE ABY OIL THAT IS USED IN THE CLEANING PROCESS
REMOVE GRIT FROM THE TMH AND MAGAZINE
LESSON 5 -HOLDING &
AIMING IN THE PRONE
POSITION
THE 4 MARKSMANSHIP
PRINCIPLES
1.
THE POSITION AND HOLD MUST BE FIRM ENOUGH TO
SUPPORT THE WEAPON
2.
THE WEAPON MUST POINT NATURALLY AT THE TARGET
WITHOUT UNDUE PHYSICAL EFFORT
3.
SIGHT ALIGNMENT AND SIGHT PICTURE MUST BE
CORRECT
4.
THE SHOT MUST BE RELEASED AND FOLLOWED THROUGH
WITHOUT UNDUE DISTURBANCE TO THE POSITION
THE 4 MARKSMANSHIP
PRINCIPLES
•
IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT CADETS ARE CAPABLE OF FIRING
THEIR RIFLE ACCURATELY AND INSTICTIVELY UNDER ALL
CONDITIONS.
•
APPLYING THE MARKSMANSHIP PRINCIPLES CAN BEST
HELP ACHIEVE THIS
•
APPLYING THE MARKSMANSHIP PRINCIPLES DEMANDS
CONCENTRATION AND ALSO A DETERMINATION TO SHOOT
WELL
•
THE FIRST 3 PRINCIPLES WILL BE COVERED IN THIS
LESSON
THE PRONE UNSUPPORTED
POSITION
•
GIVES THE FIRER GOOD SUPPORT
•
PRESENTS A SMALL TARGET TO THE ENEMY
•
IS THE LEAST TIRING
•
TWO VARIATIONS TO THE POSITION
THE PRONE UNSUPPORTED
POSITION
•
POSITION 1
–
ALIGNMENT ON THE TARGET
–
OPEN LEGS UNTIL FEET ARE SHOULDER WIDTH APART
–
TOES POINTING OUTWARDS
–
HEELS ON THE GROUND
–
ENSURE THE RIGHT HAND SIDE OF THE BODY AND LEG
IS IN LINE WITH THE RIFLE. THIS WILL GIVE MAXIMUM
SUPPORT AND REDUCE THE RECOIL EFFECT.
•
POSITION 2
–
ADJUST BODY SO THAT IT IS ANGLED SLIGHTLY TO THE
LEFT OF THE LINE OF FIRE
–
OPEN LEGS AND ENSURE LEFT LEG IS IN LINE WITH THE
BODY
LESSON 6 - FIRING IN THE
PRONE POSITION
LESSON 7 - FIRING DRILLS
LESSON 8 - MECHANISM
OF THE WEAPON,
IMMEDIATE ACTION &
STOPPAGES
BASIC MECHANISM OF THE RIFLE
• WHEN THE SAFETY CATCH IS ON S THE TRIGGER
CAN NOT BE FULLY OPERATED
• WHEN THE SAFETY CATCH IS MOVED TO F AND
THE TRIGGER IS PRESSED, THE HAMMER IS
RELEASED AND HITS THE REAR OF THE FIRING
PIN.
• THE FIRING PIN IS DRIVEN FORWARD ONTO THE
PERCUSSION CAP IN THE CASE OF THE ROUND.
• THE ROUND IS FIRED AND THE GASES PRODUCED
DRIVE THE BULLET UP THE BARREL
• SOME OF THE GAS ENTERS THE GAS BLOCK AND
IS DIVERTED BY THE GAS PLUG INTO THE GAS
CYLINDER.
BASIC MECHANISM OF THE RIFLE
• THIS DRIVES THE PISTON TO THE REAR AND COMPRESSING
THE PISTON SPRING
• THE REAR OF THE PISTON STRIKES THE BOLT CARRIER
ASSEMBLY, FORCING IT BACKWARDS.
• THE COMPRESSED PISTON SPRING RE-ASSERTS ITSELF AND
DRIVES THE PISTON BACK TO ITS STARTING POSITION
• THE BOLT IS UNLOCKED BY THE REARWARD MOVEMENT OF
THE CARRIER FORCING THE CAM STUD DOWN THE STUD
SLOT
• AS THE CARRIER AND BOLT GO BACK THE HAMMER IS
COCKED AS THEY PASS OVER IT.
• THE EMPTY CASE IS WITHDRAWN FROM THE CHAMBER AND
EJECTED OUT OF THE WEAPON TO THE RIGHT HAND SIDE.
• THE RETURN SPRING IS COMPRESSED AND WHEN THE BOLT
CARRIER ASSEMBLY HITS THE BUFFER THE SPRING REASSERTS ITSELF
BASIC MECHANISM OF THE RIFLE
• AS THE CARRIER AND BOLT GO BACK THE HAMMER IS
COCKED AS THEY PASS OVER IT.
• THE EMPTY CASE IS WITHDRAWN FROM THE CHAMBER AND
EJECTED OUT OF THE WEAPON TO THE RIGHT HAND SIDE.
• THE RETURN SPRING IS COMPRESSED AND WHEN THE BOLT
CARRIER ASSEMBLY HITS THE BUFFER THE SPRING REASSERTS ITSELF
• AS THE BOLT IS PUSHED FORWARD IT FEEDS THE NEXT
ROUND INTO THE CHAMBER
• THE BOLT ROTATES AND LOCKS INTO THE BARREL
EXTENSION
• ONCE ALL PARTS ARE FULLY FORWARD AND LOCKED THE
SAFETY SEAR IS RELEASED ALLOWING THE HAMMER TO
MOVE TO ITS READY POSITION.
• THIS WILL ALSO ONLY HAPPEN WHEN THE TRIGGER IS
RELEASED.
IMMEDIATE ACTION (IA) DRILL
• PERFORMED IF THE WEAPON FAILS
TO FIRE AT ANY TIME
• APPLY THE SAFETY CATCH
• TILT THE WEAPON TO THE LEFT AND
LOOK AT THE POSITION OF THE
COCKING HANDLE
• ACTION DEPENDS ON WHAT IS SEEN
STOPPAGE DRILLS
Cocking Handle Fully Forward
•
•
•
•
•
•
‘Rifle Firing Alright - Rifle Stops’
IA DRILL
‘The Cocking Handle Fully Forward’
FORWARD ASSIST
SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
CARRY ON FIRING
STOPPAGE DRILLS
Loose Magazine
• ‘Rifle Firing Alright - Rifle Stops’
• IA DRILL
• ‘Cocking Handle Not Fully Forward - Rounds In
The Magazine’
• IF WEAPON STILL FAILS TO FIRE AFTER
CARRYING OUT THE DRILL FOR ‘Cocking
Handle Fully Forward’
• HOLD WORKING PARTS OPEN
STOPPAGE DRILLS
Loose Magazine
• IF THERE ARE ROUNDS IN THE MAGAZINE AND THE
BODY AND CHAMBER ARE CLEAR…
• CHECK THE MAGAZINE IS FITTED CORRECTLY
• PUSH MAGAZINE UP INTO MAGAZINE HOUSING
• OPERATE THE BOLT RELEASE CATCH
• FORWARD ASSIST
• SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
• CARRY ON FIRING
STOPPAGE DRILLS
Obstruction
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‘Rifle Firing Alright - Rifle Stops’
IA DRILL
‘Obstruction’
TILT THE WEAPON TO THE RIGHT
HOLD THE WORKING PART TO THE REAR
IF THERE IS AN OBSTRUCTION IN THE
CHAMBER…
• REMOVE THE MAGAZINE
• SHAKE OBSTRUCTION OUT
STOPPAGE DRILLS
Obstruction
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CHECK THAT THE CHAMBER IS CLEAR
‘Obstruction Clear’
REPLACE MAGAZINE
OPERATE THE BOLT RELEASE CATCH
FORWARD ASSIST
SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
CARRY ON FIRING
STOPPAGE DRILLS
Empty Magazine
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‘Rifle Firing Alright - Rifle Stops’
IA DRILL
‘Cocking Handle Fully To The Rear’
REMOVE THE EMPTY MAGAZINE
REPLACE WITH A FULL MAGAZINE
OPERATE THE BOLT RELEASE CATCH
FORWARD ASSIST
SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
CARRY ON FIRING
STOP!
• APPLY THE SAFETY CATCH AND LISTEN FOR
FURTHER INSTRUCTIONS
LESSON 9 - FIRING FROM
OTHER POSITIONS
LESSON 10 - AIMING OFF,
ALTERATION OF SIGHTS
AND MISS DRILL
AIMING OF FOR ELEVATION AND DIRECTION
•WHEN SHOOTING, THE STRENGTH AND DIRECTION
OF THE WIND HAVE A DIRECT INFLUENCE ON THE
FLIGHT PATH OF THE BULLET.
•IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT YOU MAKE ALLOWANCES TO
COUNTER THESE FACTORS
•CHANGE THE POA TO OVERCOME ANY ERRORS IN
ELEVATION AND DIRECTION
•IF A SHOT HAS LANDED 300mm HIGH AND 100mm
LEFT THEN RE AIM 300mm LOW AND 100mm RIGHT
•IF FIRING AT SMALL TARGETS AIM AT THE BOTTOM OF
THE TARGET
AIMING OFF FOR WIND
•ONLY WIND BLOWING ACROSS THE FRONT AT RANGES GREATER THAN
100 METRES WILL DEFLECT THE BULLET SIGNIFICANTLY
•AIM OFF TO ALLOW FOR THIS
•YOU CAN DETERMINE THE WIND STRENGTH AND DIRECTION FROM ITS
EFFECTS ON FLAGS, TREES AND BUSES
•FRESH WIND
•WIND HAS APPRECIABLE EFFECT ON BUSHES AND THIN
BRANCHES OF TREES
•WIND CAN BE FELT ON THE SIDE OF THE FACE
•COULD CAUSE FLAGS TO STAND ABOUT HALFWAY OUT FROM THE
FLAG POLE
•STRONG WIND
•WIND HAS A NOTICEABLE EFFECT ON TREE TOPS
•LIFTS DUST OF DRY GROUND
•RANGE FLAGS TEND TO STRAIN AWAY FROM THE FLAG POLE
AIMING OFF FOR WIND
•ALWAYS AIM INTO THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND
•FRESH WIND AT 200 METRES
•POA IS HALFWAY BETWEEN THE CENTRE AND THE EDGE OF THE
TARGET (1st POA on diagram)
AIMING OFF FOR WIND
AIMING OFF FOR WIND
•ALWAYS AIM INTO THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND
•FRESH WIND AT 200 METRES
•POA IS HALFWAY BETWEEN THE CENTRE AND THE EDGE OF THE
TARGET (1st POA on diagram)
•STRONG WIND AT 200 METRES
•POA IS THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on diagram)
AIMING OFF FOR WIND
AIMING OFF FOR WIND
•ALWAYS AIM INTO THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND
•FRESH WIND AT 200 METRES
•POA IS HALFWAY BETWEEN THE CENTRE AND THE EDGE OF THE
TARGET (1st POA on diagram)
•STRONG WIND AT 200 METRES
•POA IS THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on diagram)
•FRESH WIND AT 300 METRES
•POA IS AT THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on diagram)
AIMING OFF FOR WIND
AIMING OFF FOR WIND
•ALWAYS AIM INTO THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND
•FRESH WIND AT 200 METRES
•POA IS HALFWAY BETWEEN THE CENTRE AND THE EDGE OF THE
TARGET (1st POA on diagram)
•STRONG WIND AT 200 METRES
•POA IS THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on diagram)
•FRESH WIND AT 300 METRES
•POA IS AT THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on diagram)
•STRONG WIND AT 300 METRES
•POA IS ONE TARGETS WIDTH FROM THE CENTRE OF THE TARGET
(3rd POA on diagram)
AIMING OFF FOR WIND
MISS DRILL
•IF YOU MISS THE TARGET CONTINUALLY…
•AIM AND FIRE AT THE BASE OF THE TARGET
•WATCH WHERE THE ROUND STRIKES
•ADJUST YOUR POA ACCORDINGLY
•ALWAYS ENSURE SIGHT ALIGNMENT REMAINS
CORRECT WHEN ADJUSTING THE POA
LESSON 11 - USE OF
COVER, CARRIAGE OF
WEAPON & REACTION TO
EFFECTIVE ENEMY FIRE
LESSON 12 - RIFLE
ZEROING