GROUNDING 101
GROUNDING 101
WHY DO WE GROUND?
SAFETY
Protect
People
Protect
Equipment from
Fault Currents
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WHY SHOULD WE GROUND?
Electricity will always follow the
path of least resistance to ground.
Proper circuit grounding will keep electricity from using your
body to get to ground
Grounded Circuit Requirements:
• Path is continuous and permanent
• Ample capacity
• Low Resistance
• Circuit parts are bonded together
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WHAT DO WE GAIN?
Provides
personnel safety - #1 priority
Provides
a stable signal reference for
instrument accuracy
Controls
Radio Frequency emissions &
Electromagnetic Interferences (EMI’s)
Provides
a discharge path for short
circuits and lightning strikes
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LIGHTNING PROTECTION
 LIGHTNING
FACTS
Packs between 35,000 and 40,000 amperes
Generates temperatures as high as 50,000 C
Travels as far as 40 miles
Strikes somewhere on the earth every second
Kills 100 people each year in the U.S.A.
Destroys millions of dollars in property and equipment
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STATIC DISCHARGE
 THE
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UNWANTED SPARK
Grounding Locations
Example: TEL-COM CELL SITE
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BURNDY HAS THREE TYPES
OF GROUNDING PRODUCTS
MECHANICAL


COMPRESSION
EXOTHERMIC
(weld)
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MECHANICAL
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WHAT IS A MECHANICAL CONNECTOR?

Makes a secure connection using bolts or other hardware to bind
conductors in place.




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Range Taking
No special tooling
Inexpensive
Removable
WHAT ARE THE MOST
COMMON CONNECTORS?
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CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
BUS
BAR / FLAT BAR
GB
Cable to bar
with separator
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GBM
Cable directly to bar
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GZ
Cable to bar loop
CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
BUS
BAR / FLAT BAR
GL
GCM
QGFL
Two parallel
cables / tap
GC
Two Cables
directly to bar
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Two cable to bar
with separator
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Eye in basket
CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
BUS
BAR / FLAT BAR
GKA
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KPB
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KC
Servit post
CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
FENCE
POST, PIPE & TUBING
GK
GP
GAR
Three cable parallel
GD
Two cable
Perpendicular
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Two cable parallel
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Cable to rod
CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
FENCE
POST, PIPE & TUBING
GAR-TC
GG
Cable or
braid to rod
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KC
Servit post
17
Cable at 45
90 degrees
CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
FENCE
POST, PIPE & TUBING
Lower cost clamps
GC-A
Duel rated
pipe clamps
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CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
GROUND
RODS / REBAR
GRC
GAR
GP
Ground Rod Clamp
Two cable
perpendicular
Cable to rod
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GK
Three cable parallel
CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
STATIC
GIE
GROUND
Vehicle or
temporary ground
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GP-G1
Raised flooring
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GRF
Raised flooring
CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
CABLE
& BRAID
Braid
Spans movable
areas
GG
GX
Cable or
braid to rod
KA
Cross
connection
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Tap to run
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CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
TRANSFORMER
RAIL
& BEAM
KC
J&RGC
Servit post
GA-H
Cable to H
beam or tube
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QGFL
Eye in basket
HIGHLIGHTS: SPLIT BOLTS
KS25
AVAILABLE FROM
#2 TO 500 kcmil
UL Listed for
direct burial
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HIGHLIGHTS: Parts of a Split Bolt
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HIGHLIGHTS: Dual Rated Split Bolts
 Used
for any combination of copper and aluminum
conductors.
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JOINING COPPER AND ALUMINUM
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RAISED FOOR GROUNDING
 RAISED
FLOOR GROUND GRIDS
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GRF CLAMP ON RAISED FLOOR
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
Can be used on round
or square pedestals

Accommodates one or
two grounding wires
GP-G1 / GP-RT FOR RAISED FLOOR

Epoxy paint penetrating

Can be used on round or square pedestals

Accommodates one or two grounding wires
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QUESTION:
WHEN
IS A MECHANICAL
CONNECTOR NOT ACCEPTABLE?
ANSWER:
When a permanent connection is called out,
or
When connection is exposed to severe
conditions such as extreme vibration
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MECHANICAL
QUESTIONS?
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BURNDYWELD
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BURNDYWELD
 USES
AN EXOTHERMIC
PROCESS TO JOIN
COPPER
 PROVIDES
A SOLID
COPPER IRREVERSIBLE
BOND
 WILL
NOT LOOSEN OR
CORRODE AT THE WELD
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EXOTHERMIC PROCESS
 The
exothermic process is a simple, efficient method of
welding copper to copper or copper to steel.
 This
process uses a high temperature reaction of
powdered copper oxide and aluminum.
 Reaction
 Mold
takes place in a graphite mold.
will last for 50 or more welds with proper care.
 This
system is very field friendly, since it is light and
portable and requires no outside power.
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THE SEQUENCE OF STEPS
MOLD
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
Open mold using
handle clamp, and
insert the conductors
as desired

Insert steel disc into the
mold cavity

Pour powdered metal
into the mold cavity

Close the lid

Tap powder container
to add the starting
powder to ignition
pocket

Use flint device to
ignite

Brush and remove mold
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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SIX STEPS FOR
A PERFECT
BURNDYWELD
OVER 57 DIFFERENT MOLDS
CABLE TO CABLE
WELD TO REBAR
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MOLDS
MOUNT TO FLAT OR ROUND SURFACE
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SINGLE SHOTS
 PROVIDES
THE SAME WELD RESULT IN A COST
EFFECTIVE, ONE TIME USE PACKAGE
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WELD
QUALITY
What do
you look
for?
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WELD QUALITY
 Many
factors contribute to the weld success
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WELD INSPECTION
HOW DO YOU TEST THE
INTEGRITY OF A WELD IN
THE FIELD?
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COMMON PROBLEMS
WITH EXOTHERMIC
WELDING
 Moisture
 Worn
molds
 Unclean
conductors
 Unclean
mold
 Mistakes
made in
welding process
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ANY
QUESTIONS ON
BURNDYWELD?
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COMPRESSION
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COMPRESSION THEORY
CREATION
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OF A HOMOGENEOUS MASS
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HY-GROUND SYSTEM
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COMPRESSION
»Range Taking
»Permanent
»Safe to install
»Quick and Easy

BURNDY HAS DEVELOPED AN IRREVERSIBLE COMPRESSION
GROUND SYSTEM WHICH MEETS THE STRINGENT SAFETY AND
PREFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS UL AND IEEE.

CONNECTORS EMPLOY WELL PROVEN DESIGN PRINCIPLES
AND TECHNOLOGY THAT HAVE BEEN IN EXISTENCE FOR OVER
60 YEARS.
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COMMON APPLICATIONS
 Where
HY-GROUND is used
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GRID LAY OUT
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COMPONENTS OF HY-GROUND
WHAT’S
NEEDED
Proper Connector
Correct Crimping Tool
Specified Die
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CONNECTORS
 IRREVERSIBLE
 RATED
 MANY
CONNECTION
FOR DIRECT BURIAL
COMPONENTS AVAILABLE
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MEETS REQUIREMENTS
 UNDERWRITERS
 NATIONAL
 IEEE
LAB TESTS
ELECTRICAL CODE
837 REQUIREMENTS
 UL96
LISTED FOR LIGHTNING
PROTECTION
 CANADA
STANDARDS ASSOCIATION
 APPROVED
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FOR DIRECT BURIAL
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UL LISTINGS
 Rigorous
testing in the Burndy UL facilities ensures all
product exceed standards.
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SUPERIOR CONNECTION
 PRE-FILLED
WITH PENETROX OXIDE-INHIBITOR
 Superior connection
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PENETROX E FILLED
Air
 SHOWS
 Penetrox
VERY FEW CONTACT POINTS
Fills The Gaps For Better Contact
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Gaps
EASY TO INSPECT
 DIE
INDEX EMBOSSMENT.
Match embossed number to the number
listed the on connector.
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INSTALLS IN ANY ENVIRONMENT
 Installs
In Wet Environments
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COMMON TYPES - HY-GROUND
YGLR-C
YGHC-C
Ground rod to grid
Figure C
YGL-C
Cross connection
YGHP-C
Figure 6
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COMMON TYPES - HY-GROUND
YGHP-C
YGHR-C
H-Tap
Ground rod or tap
Wire third hand
YGIB
Figure 8
Crimp to structure
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Splice or tap
COMMON TYPES - HY-GROUND
YGHS HGS
YGHA
GSTUD-HY
YGF
Splice- heavy duty / standard
Hylug
Versitail weld on
Grounding plate
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FINDING THE PROPER CONNECTOR
YGHC-C
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FINDING THE PROPER CONNECTOR
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HY-GROUND CRIMPING TOOLS
 Y750HS
 PAT750XP
18V
PATRIOT 18VOLT
 Y46
HY-PRESS
REMOTE HEAD
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FINDING THE PROPER DIE
INSTALLATION DATA
DIE
INDEX
NUMBER
Y750/Y35
Y39
1
Y45
2
Y46
NUMBER
OF
HYPRESS CRIMPS
HYPRESS
HYPRESS
C
U-C
U-C
U-C
1
O
U-O
U-O
U-O
1
Installation Data Listed in Catalog
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ANY
QUESTIONS ON
COMPRESSION?
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WHERE DO YOU USE THE
THREE TYPES OF GROUNDING
PRODUCTS?
MECHANICAL


COMPRESSION
EXOTHERMIC
(weld)
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CONNECTION APPLICATIONS
 TEL-COM
TOWER
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CONNECTION APPLICATIONS
 CENTRAL
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OFFICE SITE
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DIFFERENT WIRE TYPES
 ALWAYS
KNOW THE SIZE AND TYPE OF WIRE YOU ARE
CRIMPING
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WIRE GAGE
 KEEP A
WIRE MIKE HANDY FOR WIRE IDENTIFICATION
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AVOID CORROSION
USE PENETROX-E
OXIDE INHIBITOR
ON COPPER
CONNECTIONS
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THANKS FOR CONSIDERING BURNDY PRODUCTS
 PLEASE
CONTACT US IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS
OR PRODUCT NEEDS.
 TECHNICAL
SERVICE (800) 451-4956
NEVER LET LIFE BE A SHOCK TO YOU!
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