ENERGY SAVING
SEMINAR
28th MARCH 2013
NEXT GENERATION , ENERGY SAVING TECHNOLOGY
“WITH ENERGY PRICES RISING ALL THE TIME,
WE CAN REDUCE HEATING COSTS BY AT LEAST 10% - 15%”
What is EndoTherm™
• EndoTherm™ is a truly exceptional, cost effective
and innovative product.
• EndoTherm™ increases the ‘heat transfer coefficient’, which accelerates the heat transfer to
the bulk fluid and increases the overall efficiency
of the heating system
• Easy to install and supplied in ready to use
“EndoTherm has now been present in the hospital heating system for more
solution
than 8 months and the 10%-11% energy improvements have been sustained.”
• Over the past 5 years EndoTherm™ has been rigorously
Energy Manager, East Ayrshire Community Hospital
tested & proven
How Does EndoTherm™ work ?
Consider a typical Heating System
Hot water travels through radiators delivering heat to the room.
It then returns to the boiler for re-heating.
What happens in the boiler?
The water returning to the boiler fulfils two
functions;
1. Some of the returning water contacts the hot
metal of the fired boiler tubes . It boils and
transfers heat into the bulk water causing its
temperature to increase.
2. The rest of the water cools the hot metal
What happens at the hot boiler tube ?
BOILER TUBE
Vapour forms at small micro cracks on the hot metal.
This escapes in irregular clumsy bubbles within the crack where
they are pulled into an oval shape (necking) before entering the
bulk water.
THIS IS CALLED NUCLEATE BOILING
These irregular bubbles quickly coalesce effectively blanketing
the tube and restricting heat transfer into the bulk fluid.
Photograph of
water bubble
forming at
metal micro
crack (1)
Boiling of water, q =
50 kW/m2.
(1) G. Hetsroni , A. Mosyak, E. Pogrebnyak,
I.Sher, Z. Segal. Bubble Growth in saturated pool
boiling in water and surfactant solution
Israel Institute of Technology. International
Journal of Multiphase Flow 32 (2006) 159-182
The change which EndoTherm™ makes
EndoTherm™ is a non ionic surfactant
which greatly reduces the surface
tension of water.
The change in surface tension alters
the way bubbles form in the micro
crack
Bubble growth on a flat surface in a liquid at saturated boiling, (q¼110kW/m2)
(a)Water (b) EndoTherm treated Water
In (a) note the large oval shaped bubble
In (b) the myriad of small bubbles which form
in the micro crack
Comparison between bubbles forming
in the Nucleation sites (Nucleate Boiling) (1)
(a) Water
(b) Water with 600 ppm Endotherm
(1) G. Hetsroni , A. Mosyak, E. Pogrebnyak, I.Sher, Z. Segal. Bubble Growth in saturated pool boiling in water and surfactant solution
Israel Institute of Technology. International Journal of Multiphase Flow 32 (2006) 159-182
The EndoTherm™ difference
1. It reduces the surface tension of
water.
2. It changes the nucleate boiling
characteristics.
3. This means that it changes the rate
of heat flow from the boiler tubes
into the bulk water
Which means ??
The bulk water achieves a higher temperature
than untreated, ordinary water
The boiler tube cools down faster which
means that the flue gases on the fire tube are
cooler.
The difference between the boiler tube
temperature and the bulk water temperature
is reduced
What influences this phenomenon ?
• The heat input, (heat flux), – The
amount of energy used to heat the
water in the boiler
• The concentration of EndoTherm™
• The temperature of the bulk water
EndoTherm™ Performance
The relationship between the amount of
energy used, (Q), the concentration of
EndoTherm™, and the temperature
difference between wall temperature (TW)
and the temperature of the bulk fluid (TS)
is shown in the next slide
Figure 7 G. Hetsroni , M. Gurevich, A. Mosyak, R. Rozenblit, Z. Segal. Boiling enhancement with environmentally acceptable surfactants
Israel Institute of Technology. International Journal of heat & fluid Flow 25 (2004) 841-848
Water containing various
concentrations of EndoTherm™
Untreated water
Higher concentrations of EndoTherm™ reduces the difference between the hot tube wall
temperature and the bulk water temperature. Temperature difference = orange line.
This means water with ppm EndoTherm™ is 7C higher in water with 600 ppm
EndoTherm™ compared with water
Figure 7 G. Hetsroni , M. Gurevich, A. Mosyak, R. Rozenblit, Z. Segal. Boiling enhancement with environmentally acceptable surfactants
Israel Institute of Technology. International Journal of heat & fluid Flow 25 (2004) 841-848
How Does EndoTherm™ work
•
•
•
•
•
Water leaving the boiler is 7C higher
Radiators are warmer
Rooms heat faster
Boiler required less often
Less fuel is burned
Thank You
NEXT GENERATION, ENERGY SAVING TECHNOLOGY
Endo Enterprises Ltd, Magnetic House, Media Village, The Quays, Manchester, UK, M50 3XW
Sales: 0845 548 47336 Email: clive.homewood@endoenterprises.com
Commercial Enquiries: dominic.simonnet@endoenterprises.com