What is engineering?
1. Engineering - The branch of science and
technology concerned with the design, building,
and use of engines, machines, and structures.
2. Engineering - the discipline dealing with the art or
science of applying scientific knowledge to practical
problems
Different Types of Engineering
Aerospace Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Material Engineering
Environmental Engineering
Computer Engineering
Civil Engineering
…ETC
Aviation Design
How does it tie into engineering?
Aviation Design
Teaches real principles and practices used in modern
engineering
Utilizes up to date software to design and draft aircraft
Experiences reviews from professionals in the field.
Learn hands on techniques of construction that can be
universally applied.
Receive direct feedback from student driven education
Jobs!!
Everyone wants a jobs. Why else go to school for 5 years?….(plug
in for swep, inroads, career services )
Perks
Extra curricular activity
Experience working in groups to accomplish a goal
Possibly leadership experience.
Experience in a competitive setting
Practical use of a CAD software of choice (solidworks or ProE)
Drafting experience
More Perks!
Practical use of a CAD software of choice (solidworks or PreE)
Drafting experience
Experience making a build of materials (BOM)
Experience with a budget
Potentially a plaque in the engineering building
Recognition my facility
Even More Perks!
Experience making a build of materials (BOM)
Experience with a budget
Potentially a plaque in the engineering building
Recognition by facility
Basic Overview of Class Layout
Students will split into groups of 3-4 and work together.
Each group will be assigned a number. They will then be
responsible for picking a team caption. (group names are
optional, but encouraged if witty)
Each group will be allowed to compete in two out of three
missions listed on the syllabus
To complete missions groups will be responsible for designing,
drafting and constructing a model aircraft that is capable!
Your Missions
Mission 1 - Ferry Flight
 A test of your planes speed and maneuverability
Mission 2 - Passenger Flight
 A test of your planes ability to carry passengers safely
while maintaining weight efficiency
Mission 3 – Payload drop
 An optional third mission with a High reward but drastic
consequences in terms of points if failed.
See page 2 of syllabus
for complete listing of
rules
Overview of what will be
covered in today's class
•How an Aircraft Flies
Lift
Thrust
Drag
•Airfoil Terminology
Lift
Drag
Induced drag
Total drag
Drag curve
How a Plane Flys
Lift
Thrust
Drag
Induced
Induced Vs parasite wing
over surface
Drag
How an Airplane Moves
Aircraft Terminology
Examples ….elevator up
Plane of motion?
How has the plane reacted?
Examples ….rudder left
Plane of motion?
How has the plane reacted?
Example ….left aileron up
Plane of motion?
How has the plane reacted?
Aircraft Airfoil Terminology
Engineering challenge !
Work in groups of four and come up with a
solution to the following problem
Overview of today's class
•Center of Pressure
•Center of gravity
•Determining the center of gravity
Mean aerodynamic cord
Wing Design
Low wing
Mid-wing
High aspect ratio
Low aspect ratio
Straight wings
Swept wings
Forward swept
Back swept
Center of Gravity
How to find CG
Wing Design
Wing design follows these general steps:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Estimate the aircraft’s weight.
Select a wing loading based on performance goals.
Calculate wing area based off of wing loading.
Select an aspect ratio based on performance goals.
Determine wing span.
Choose a wing planform.
Determine chord lengths.
Choose a dihedral angle and calculated tip height.
Select an airfoil section.
1. Estimate the Aircraft’s Weight
Take an estimate of all the required components for the aircraft to fly
E.X. Cargo, fuel, landing gear, engine, fuselage weight…etc
See excel sheet in dropbox labeled list of parts
2. Select a wing loading based
on performance goals
Wing loading is the amount of force per area
Most R.C. planes range between .75 lb/ft^2 to 1.5 lb/ft^2 or 12
oz/ ft^2 to 24 oz/ ft^2
3. Calculate Wing Area Based
off of Wing Loading
Can be calculated by; W/S= Wing Loading
Where;
W= weight
S= surface area
4. Select an Aspect Ratio Based
on Performance Goals.
Higher aspect ratios result in long thin wings
Lower aspect ratios result in short stubby wings
Typical aspect ratios for RC airplanes are between 5 and 8
5. Determine wing span
Can be calculated by AR = b2/S using previously determined AR
6. Choose a wing planform
7. Determine chord lengths
Various kinds as shown to left
Elliptical
Constant
Tapered
8. Choose a dihedral angle and
calculated tip height.
Typical dihedral for RC airplanes are
between 0 and 6 degrees
9. Select an airfoil section
See excel sheet in dropbox labeled
Equations sheet when picking airfoil
Engineering challenge !
Work in groups of four and come up with a solution
to the following problem
Original design
Easier new design
What’s wrong with the new design?