The relation between the galaxy
stellar mass distribution and the
mass
of its hosting halo
BENEDETTA VULCANI
KAVLI IPMU
In collaboration with
Bianca Poggianti
Gabriella De Lucia
Alan Dressler
Kevin Bundy
What Regulates Galaxy Evolution? - 2013, April 22th-26th
THE ENVIRONMENT
The properties of galaxies correlate with the environment:


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Morphology density relation (Dressler 1980, Dressler+ 1997)
Denser environments host more massive, redder galaxies with lower star-formation
rates (Kauffmann+ 2004)
Galaxies in different environments evolve with different timescales
..But various galaxy properties are strongly correlated even in a fixed environment..
What Regulates Galaxy Evolution? - 2013, April 22th-26th
How are the mass and environment
related?
What Regulates Galaxy Evolution? - 2013, April 22th-26th
The field mass function
(e.g. Fontana+ 2006, Bundy+ 2006, Franceschini+ 2006, Borch+ 2006, Vergani+ 2008, Drory+09, Pozzetti+ 2011)
For high mass galaxies,
the evolution of the total
mass function from z = 1
to z = 0 is relatively
modest
Low mass galaxies
evolve more than high
mass galaxies
Ilbert+ 2010
What Regulates Galaxy Evolution? - 2013, April 22th-26th
Pannella+
2006
Vergani+ 2008
Several studies have analyzed separately
galaxies of different types (colors, star
formation activity, structural parameters,
morphologies)
Borch+ 2006
What Regulates Galaxy Evolution? - 2013, April 22th-26th
AND IN CLUSTERS?
WIde field Nearby Galaxy-cluster Survey (WINGS - Fasano+ 06):
X rays selected cluster (σ>500 km/s) at 0.04<z<0.07
U,B,V and J,K photometry
Spectroscopy
ESO Distant Cluster Survey (EDisCS - White+ 2005):
Optically selected clusters (σ>400 km/s) and groups (150<σ<400 km/s) at 0.4<z<0.8
Deep optical photometry in B,V,I or V,R,I
Deep spectroscopy
Wide-field imaging
Stellar masses from the relation between LB and B-V color (Bell & De Jong 2001)
What Regulates Galaxy Evolution? - 2013, April 22th-26th
The cluster mass function
z=0.07
Evolution driven by the
mass growth of star
forming galaxies in both
clusters and in the cluster
surrounding areas.
z=0.6
+
MORPHOLOGICAL
TRANSFORMATION
Vulcani et al. (2011)
What Regulates Galaxy Evolution? - 2013, April 22th-26th
The MF in different environments
IMACS Cluster Building Survey (ICBS - Oemler+ 2013):
Cluster selected using the Red Sequence Cluster Survey method (Gladders and Yee 2000)
at 0.25<z<0.5
clusters
IMACS wide field
Broad band
field photometry in B,V,R,I or g,r,i,z
groups
clusters
Spectroscopic data of clusters, groups and field
The shape of the MF does not depend on global environment
Vulcani et al. (2013)
What Regulates Galaxy Evolution? - 2013, April 22th-26th
The red/blue MF
Red and blue MF are
different, but no
differences detected
in MF in different
environments, for
red and blue
galaxies separately
What Regulates Galaxy Evolution? - 2013, April 22th-26th
Vulcani et al. (2013)
The MF in different environments
Low-z
Padova Millennium Galaxy Group Catalog (PM2GC – Calvi, Poggianti, BV 2011):
Spectroscopic data of ~38deg2 at 0.04<z<0.1 from the Millennium Galaxy Catalog
(Lieske+2003)
Deep and wide B-imaging
Rich sample of groups, binary systems and isolated galaxies
Calvi, Poggianti, BV, Fasano (2013)
What Regulates Galaxy Evolution? - 2013, April 22th-26th
The evolution
INDEPENDENT OF ENVIRONMENT!
Vulcani et al. (2013)
What Regulates Galaxy Evolution? - 2013, April
22th-26th
Help from the simulations
What Regulates Galaxy Evolution? - 2013, April 22th-26th
BV, De Lucia, Poggianti
in prep.
The predicted evolution
What Regulates Galaxy Evolution? - 2013, April 22th-26th
BV, De Lucia, Poggianti
in prep.
The dependence on halo mass
What Regulates Galaxy Evolution? - 2013, April 22th-26th
BV, De Lucia, Poggianti
in prep.
MY QUESTIONS
1
2
3
Why doesn’t the global envirnoment affect
galaxy masses?
What is the role of the environment at lower
masses?
Why do simulations overpredict the number of
low mass galaxies?
What Regulates Galaxy Evolution? - 2013, April 22th-26th
SUMMARY



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Both at high and low -z, the total mass function does not
depend on environment.
At high-z, red and blue MF are different, but no differences are
detected in MF in different environments, for red and blue
galaxies separately.
The evolution of the mass function is very similar in all the
environments.
Semianalytic models can reproduce only the observed field
mass function at low-z. As a consequence, they do not
reproduce neither the observed evolution nor the
independence of the mass function on the environment.
What Regulates Galaxy Evolution? - 2013, April 22th-26th
What Regulates Galaxy Evolution? - 2013, April 22th-26th