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Ministry Of Electricity General Electric company of Libya The impact of Energy Pricing on Renewable Energy in Deployment Country Study : Libya Prepared by: Dr. Khairy Agha Mr. Milad Abdallah Zaed Gecol Information GECOL is a state-owned vertically structured power utility responsible for generation, transmission and distribution of electric power throughout Libya. Internal Audit Operations Chairman Corporate Planning, Finance & Projects Legal Affairs Support Services Generation & Desalination Corporate Planning General Services Transmission & Control Corporate Finance Information Technology Distribution Contracts & Development Accounts Accounting Customer Service Generation & Transmission Projects Human Resources Distribution Projects Communication & External Cooperation Procurement & Warehousing Vice Chairman General Department • Key Figures 2010&2012: 2010 2012 Change (%) Max. Load (MW) 5,759 5,981 3.85 Min. Load (MW) 2,103 2,080 -0.1 Total Energy Production- Gwh 32,558 33,980 4.37 Energy Imported- Gwh 70.331 61.020 -13.24 Energy Exported- Gwh 152.152 14.419 -90.52 1,198,176 1,223,727 2.13 Item Customers Energy Sold Mwh Number of Employee Consumption Per Capita(K.w.h) Energy Produced )MWH Per Employee) Customers Per Employee 20,602,217 12,993,675 -36.93 37,586 40,000 6.0 4,651 4,850 4.37 880 883 0.34 33.14 31.80 -4.0 • Key Figures 2010&2012: 2010 2012 Change (%) 400 KV 2,290 2,290 0.0 220 KV 13,706 13,706 0.0 66 KV 14,311 14,311 0.0 30 KV 11,142 11,142 0.0 400 KV 9,600 9,600 0.0 220 KV 15,458 19,006 22.95 66 KV 4,359 4,359 0.0 30 KV 13,884 13,914 0.22 Item Transmission Lines (KM) Sub-Stations Installed Capacity (MVA) Libya Historical System and Social-economic data Country Historical Data Population GDp 10^6 Us$ Total Capacity Gw Total Generation Gwh Technical Losses Gwh Consumption Gwh 2006 5,913,230 56,479 5,438 22,552 1,752 20,833 2007 6,049,900 71,687 6,612 25,418 1,784 22,341 2008 6,189,040 89,909 6,196 28,666 4,013 22,886 2009 6,332,633 60,351 6,766 30,373 4,259 24,290 2010 6,478,917 76,557 8,349 32,558 4,483 25,407 2011 6,628,580 33,526 8,349 26,349 4,064 19,431 2012 6,781,700 90,519 8,349 33,960 5,356 25,607 Total Balancing demand with available capacity of existing generation projects and new production Year 2013 2014 2015 2016 The maximum load expected (MW ) Loads development projects (MW ) Total maximum load (MW ) 6,495 137 6,632 6,931 549 7,480 7,381 1,097 8,478 7,846 8,301 8,766 9,222 9,628 10,042 10,453 10,871 11,285 11,668 12,052 12,440 12,832 13,230 13,636 14,049 14,470 14,900 1,982 3,497 3,930 4,211 4,211 4,211 4,211 4,211 4,211 4,211 4,211 4,211 4,211 4,211 4,211 4,211 4,211 4,211 9,828 11,798 12,696 13,433 13,839 14,253 14,664 15,082 15,496 15,879 16,263 16,651 17,043 17,441 17,847 18,260 18,681 19,111 Power required (MWH ) Station Existing Ghazi steam Type west of Tripoli Komes Drna Tobruk Misrata iron south of Tripoli Azwaitina Komes Western Mountain Srear Small Gaz Steam Gaz Gaz Compien Cycle proposal steam Under constructio n And contracted Compien Cycle Zwia 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 Available capacity (MW ) 435 480 130 130 507 4ST 4ST 2ST 2ST 6ST 120 400 80 80 180 120 400 80 80 180 120 400 80 80 180 400 80 80 180 400 40 40 180 400 400 400 180 180 180 120 60 500 5GT 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 200 600 4GT 4GT 160 480 160 480 160 480 160 480 160 480 160 480 160 480 160 480 160 480 160 480 160 480 160 480 160 480 936 6GT 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 820 3GT *GTs 6GT 3ST 4GT 2ST 2GT 1ST 2GT 1ST 2GT 1ST 4ST 690 100 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 690 100 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 700 690 50 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,050 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 810 405 495 245 460 230 460 230 460 230 1,400 700 1,050 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 406 406 406 406 406 406 406 406 406 406 406 406 406 406 406 406 406 406 406 700 350 1,400 700 1,400 1,050 1,400 1,050 1,400 1,050 1,400 1,050 1,400 1,050 1,400 1,050 1,400 1,050 1,400 1,050 1,400 1,050 1,400 1,050 1,400 1,050 1,400 1,050 1,400 1,050 1,400 1,050 1,400 1,050 1,400 1,050 700 1,050 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 350 700 1,050 1,400 700 350 1,400 1,050 700 1,400 1,400 700 1,400 1,400 700 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 1,400 1,400 700 350 690 1,400 1,400 700 700 690 1,400 1,400 700 700 690 1,400 1,400 1,050 700 690 660 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 400 200 920 460 460 230 400 200 920 460 460 230 400 200 920 460 460 230 400 200 920 460 460 230 400 200 920 460 460 230 400 200 920 460 460 230 400 200 920 460 460 230 400 200 920 460 460 230 400 200 920 460 460 230 400 200 920 460 460 230 230 400 200 920 460 460 230 460 230 400 200 920 460 460 230 460 230 1485 945 820 North Benghazi-2 820 Azwaitina-1 820 Gulf 1400 west of Tripoli 1400 4ST -2 624 203 4GT 1400 4ST 1050 3ST 1400 4ST 1400 1400 1050 700 855 4ST 2ST 2ST 2ST 3GT 855 3GT 750 2GT 1ST 4GT 2ST 2 GT 1 ST 2 GT 1 ST Mellita 1640 Azwaitina-1 820 Tobruk 820 230 400 400 200 400 200 920 230 Total available capacity (MW) 7,235 8,368 Deficit "-" or surplus "+" (MW ) 603 888 Reserve 2019 Installe Unit d s Power Misurata-1 Ubari 2018 38,826,990 43,575,416 49,181,587 56,996,058 68,026,240 73,025,613 77,088,606 79,482,928 81,369,313 83,474,374 85,621,158 87,998,659 89,702,325 94,395,030 96,643,261 99,203,442 101,232,174 103,584,957 103,794,966 103,987,001 104,173,941 North Benghazi-1 east of Tripoli Bembh Golf West of Benghazi Abu Kemash Komas-2 Drna Abuturabh Sabha South of Tripoli-2 steel Misurata 2017 400 200 920 460 460 400 200 920 460 460 230 400 200 920 460 460 230 690 400 200 920 460 460 230 9,971 11,751 14,221 15,181 16,111 16,691 17,041 17,641 17,961 18,311 18,661 19,021 19,721 20,071 20,071 20,421 21,001 21,461 21,811 1,493 1,923 2,423 2,485 2,678 2,852 2,788 2,977 2,879 2,815 2,782 2,757 3,070 3,028 2,629 2,574 2,741 2,780 2,699 %9.1 %11.9 %17.6 %19.6 %20.5 %19.6 %19.9 %20.6 %19.6 %20.3 %19.1 %18.2 %17.5 %17.0 %18.4 %17.8 %15.1 %14.4 %15.0 %14.9 %14.1 Libya Fuel Consumption in Electrical Sectors(M3) Historical Data Total M3 Heavy Fuel oil M3 Light Fuel oil M3 Natural Gas M3 2008 3,326,552,378 1,802,846 3,363,604 3,323,188,774 2009 3,090,197,861 2,034,886 3,862,735 3,084,300,240 2010 3,799,202,552 1,812,930 4,205,111 3,793,184,511 2011 4,269,391,873 1,074,381 2,478,040 4,265,839,452 2012 7,455,054,744 1,420,713 2,577,329 7,451,056,702 Libya Fuel Consumption in Electrical Sectors(000 toe) Historical Data Total Thousand toe Heavy Fuel oil Thousand toe Light Fuel oil Thousand toe Natural Gas Thousand toe 2006 7,135 1,814 2,613 2,708 2007 7,148 1,418 2,647 3,083 2008 7,583 1,636 3,002 2,945 2009 8,026 1,846 3,447 2,733 2010 8,759 1,645 3,753 3,361 2011 6,969 0,974 2,213 3,782 2012 10,197 1,289 2,302 6,606 Gecol Of Calculation Emissions Factor EFgrid,OMsimple,y = Operation Margin (2009-2011) 0.95334 EFgrid,BM,y = Build Margin (2011) 0.79939 EFgrid,CM,y = Combined Margin (2011) (a) Weighted average (OM x 0.5 + 0.5 x BM) 0.87636 ELECTRICITY TARIFF DEVELOPMENT DURING YEARS 1981-2012 YEAR 1998- 2004- (KWh\month) 2006 1996 1997 2003 2005 2010 20 0-1000 20 25 35 20 1001-1400 30 40 45 Over 1400 50 55 YEARS (Dirham\KWh) Type of Class of Consumption Befor 1981use (Kwh\month) 1981 1995 0 - 500 501-600 601-700 DOMESTIC 10 701-800 801-900 over 900 Consumption DOMESTIC. Selling price (after 2010 flat) SMALL AGRICULTURE LARGE AGRICULTURE SMALLINDUSTRIES LARGEINDUSTRIES COMMERCIAL STATE OFFICES PUBLIC LIGHTING 5 5 15 7 20 20 15 15 15 15 10 30 30 30 20 21 24 17 36 36 35 25 27 33 24 42 42 40 20 30 32 42 31 48 47 45 68 68 68 30 32 42 31 68 68 68 Impacts Change Local Fuel Prices for year 2012 Type of Fuel 2001 HFO 8.4 LFO 26 YEARS (L.D/M3) 20022006 2007 2005 2008 18.4 36 GAS 56 20092012 36 66 86 150 0.008405 Type of Fuel Qua. (M3) year 2012 2001 2002-2005 2006 2007 2008 2009-2012 HFO LFO 1,420,713 2,577,329 12 67 26 93 26 144 26 170 26 222 51.0 386.5 GAS 7,451,056,782 63 63 63 63 63 62.6 142 359 182 28% 319 233 65% 267 259 83% 242 310 119% 190 500.1 253% 0 Total ) M.LD ) % Difference Gecol Balance sheet for year 2008-2011 PERIOD ENDING 31/12/2008 Assets Current Assets Cash And Cash Equivalents 26,890,803 Letters of credit 56,549,325 Receivables 1,026,555,328 Provision for doubtful debts (19,888,728) Inventory 226,620,320 Other Current Debts 598,482,706 Total Current Assets 1,915,209,754 Property Plant and Equipment Generation & desalination plants 2,527,508,010 Transmission lines & sub-stations 1,157,206,738 Distribution lines & sub-stations 933,150,047 Land 4,401,087 Building and other constructions 129,297,443 Computers 46,994,313 Transportation vehicles & other motorized equipments 172,349,770 Furniture & office equipments 63,075,626 Equipment & Tools 24,708,619 Other 440,826,858 Total Property Plant and Equipment 5,058,691,653 Projects under construction 171,622,435 Major overhauls 188,807,697 Accumulated Depreciation Generation & desalination plants 709,135,614 Transmission lines & sub-stations 324,794,236 Distribution lines & sub-stations 234,176,503 Land Building and other constructions 48,458,144 Computers 28,836,454 Transportation vehicles & other motorized equipments 121,130,230 Furniture & office equipments 38,343,683 Equipment & Tools 22,355,169 Overhauls 84,010,232 Other 343,133,912 Total Accumulated Depreciation 1,611,240,265 Long Term Investments 9,540,199 Deferred Long Term Asset Charges Total Assets 5,732,631,473 31/12/2009 31/12/2010 31/12/2011 340,357,419 86,685,359 803,886,115 (21,473,020) 255,366,714 787,323,330 2,252,145,917 210,845,692 32,973,944 1,333,237,982 (17,134,268) 299,720,933 893,328,861 2,752,973,144 54,494,868 20,870,202 1,623,669,866 (17,134,268) 317,869,881 892,570,789 2,892,341,338 2,556,120,571 1,766,030,270 956,295,141 4,559,517 143,598,542 49,900,411 183,681,073 68,024,269 26,479,833 476,243,645 5,754,689,627 199,724,757 248,010,900 2,560,498,251 2,058,535,631 979,459,257 4,797,815 174,892,916 52,617,683 205,994,468 75,238,648 30,715,121 544,256,651 6,142,749,790 215,252,305 275,233,789 2,560,498,251 2,061,435,064 995,506,649 4,869,744 185,853,845 53,137,145 225,354,261 76,414,379 31,417,623 577,046,997 6,194,486,961 217,422,511 279,696,794 803,287,834 439,099,045 280,899,522 52,957,718 36,640,884 137,539,612 42,333,516 23,417,077 136,314,080 429,202,887 1,952,489,288 10,840,199 6,512,922,112 898,400,851 533,860,632 328,849,287 59,247,046 44,592,270 155,584,849 46,783,545 24,781,315 208,185,016 539,174,041 2,300,284,811 10,840,199 7,096,764,416 993,316,072 610,859,425 377,219,650 65,157,361 47,452,368 172,815,536 51,668,664 26,458,459 232,507,082 596,059,470 2,577,454,617 10,840,199 7,017,333,186 Gecol Balance sheet for year 2008-2011 PERIOD ENDING Liabilities Bank overdrafts Accounts Payable Short term loans Movable stock provision Auditing fees provision Water and waste water Lawyer fees Court fees Paid vacations provision Total fees and provisions Deposits from customers Deductions on behalf of customers & employees Other Current Liabilities Total Current Liabilities Long Term Debt Deferred taxes provision Change in fixed assets value provision Total Liabilities Government paid in capital Evaluation Reserve (+) Additional paid in capital Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) Current year deficit Total Stockholder Equity Total Liabilities 31/12/2008 259,023,178 640,489,551 2,922,063 183,570 4,271,763 4,062,599 3,895,000 17,270,769 32,605,764 80,111,334 85,209,522 67,374,854 1,164,814,203 377,829 1,165,192,032 2,408,473,400 449,044,761 2,136,341,704 (150,990,439) (275,429,985) 4,567,439,441 5,732,631,473 31/12/2009 28,214,895 748,334,360 650,000 2,922,063 225,000 4,271,763 3,467,344 3,895,000 14,744,394 29,525,564 88,246,048 89,881,261 87,659,230 1,072,511,358 28,766,427 1,101,277,785 2,408,473,400 449,044,761 2,842,363,643 (35,889,859) (252,347,618) 5,411,644,327 6,512,922,112 31/12/2010 73,669,147 1,239,641,911 2,922,063 150,000 2,250,000 3,150,088 3,581,231 14,795,182 26,848,564 96,478,643 128,783,771 109,012,899 1,674,434,935 1,674,434,935 2,408,473,400 449,044,761 3,193,682,607 (266,588,866) (362,282,421) 5,422,329,481 7,096,764,416 31/12/2011 57,480,755 1,676,463,772 2,922,063 150,000 2,250,000 2,713,839 3,509,592 14,795,182 26,340,676 98,328,729 164,153,628 152,883,935 2,175,651,495 169,309 2,175,820,804 2,408,473,400 449,044,761 3,200,994,463 (628,871,287) (588,128,955) 4,841,512,382 7,017,333,186 Gecol Income statement by L.D for year 2008-2011 Year Revenue, LYD Residential Lighting Public facilities lighting Industrial Agricultural Commercial Lighting Street Lighting Electricity Export Electricity Revenue Connection, fees, inspection, equipment rent etc. Desalination Adjustments & other income Total Revenue, LYD Special govt subsidies Total Revenue including subsidies, LYD Operating Expenses Fuel costs Electricity purchases Salaries and allowances Maintenance & support materials Other service costs Adjustments & other expenses Total Operating Expense, LYD Operating Income Interest Expense Depreciation Income Before Tax Taxes Net Income, LYD (excluding special subsidies) 2008 2009 2010 119,943,807 178,124,900 53,956,712 70,360,948 146,744,832 199,291,654 2,777,439 771,200,292 102,529,189 1,049,356 58,985,323 933,764,160 933,764,160 134,691,074 160,228,985 59,691,811 79,379,282 162,103,424 249,762,672 3,002,316 848,859,564 89,033,159 4,201,466 12,664,552 954,758,741 490,410,985 1,445,169,726 152,561,252 179,625,939 80,379,206 82,563,107 164,375,492 270,916,040 6,446,273 936,867,309 88,490,823 6,046,364 25,171,575 1,056,576,071 400,000,000 1,456,576,071 337,321,671 292,518,167 177,547,598 83,508,673 91,094,033 981,990,142 (48,225,982) 12,827,281 214,376,722 (275,429,985) (275,429,985) 663,336,675 12,061,571 371,684,943 230,612,586 82,840,279 98,413,225 1,458,949,279 (504,190,538) 14,751,416 223,816,649 (742,758,603) (742,758,603) 711,464,704 258,120 408,587,321 222,954,203 119,625,259 89,108,119 1,551,997,726 (495,421,655) 11,642,151 255,218,615 (762,282,421) (762,282,421) 2011 100,179,901 81,261,414 24,348,120 41,401,900 51,250,354 101,443,884 97,980 399,983,553 7,779,448 5,471,681 4,957,119 418,191,801 330,772,840 748,964,641 412,661,842 16,897,077 504,124,636 90,638,027 40,152,903 16,423,645 1,080,898,130 (662,706,329) 3,347,725 252,847,741 (918,901,795) (918,901,795) Ability to break even, make a net profit or cover its operating costs by L.D for year 2012 Indicator and Formula Name by (L.D) 31/12/2008 31/12/2009 31/12/2010 31/12/2011 -275,429,985 -252,347,618 -362,282,421 -588,128,955 0.28 0.24 0.31 0.36 2 2 2 1 -29% -27% -39% -63% Cost with Local Fuel Prices Impacts with Local Fuel Prices for year 2012 Type of Fuel Qua. (M3) year 2012 Price )L.D/M3( Local Fuel invoice Subsides )%( )M.LD( HFO 1,420,713 36 51.1 96% LFO 2,577,329 150 386.6 86% GAS 7,451,056,782 0.008 62.6 98% Fuel Invoice 500.3 93% Transportation Expenses 22.1 Total 522.4 Detailed breakdown of expenses 2012 With Local Fuel Price (M.LD) (%) OPERATING MATERIAL (Fuel) 522.4 33% Salaries & Allowances 758.6 47% 125.1 7% 11.6 1% DEPRECIATION 185.0 12% Total EXPENSES 1,602.7 100% DESCREPTION Overheads& Maintenance Expenses FINANCIAL COSTS & Services Expenses Discription for Energy flow through libyan grid 2012 Energy Generated From GECOL's P/S Including Steel Complex P/S Energy Consumed From GECOL's P/S Energy consumed by Steel Complex P/S Total Energy Transmitted to 400/220 kv grid Losses in 400/220 kv grid Net Energy Transmitted to 30/66 kv grid Losses in 30/66 grid Energy sold in 30/66 kv grid Net Energy Transmitted to 11/0.4 kv grid Losses in 11/0.4 kv grid Energy sold in 11/0.4 kv grid Commercial Losses Technical Losses Losses [MWh] 33,967,420 %1.70 577,039 2,426,542 30,963,839 %2.00 619,277 30,344,563 %4.90 1,517,228 2,809,320 26,018,015 %10.40 3,220,239 10,184,355 %15.0 4,644,576 %17.30 5,356,744 Commercial and Technical Losses reference to year 2010 %32.30 10,001,320 Energy sould be sold in grid %67.70 20,962,519 Energy sold in grid (bild) %41.96 12,993,675 Non Tech. Losses add to Sales ( Year 2012 ) Principal Reasons Dom. S. Agr L. Agr L. Ind H. Ind Comm. State. Street Light Total Conn. not reported to GECOL Connection not registered by electric company Meter misinstalled Meter malfunction Meter not read Meter not read accurately No bill issued Billing mistake 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 5 5 7 5 5 4 5 Total Points 8 8 1 8 1 8 6 0 40 Sales (MWh) 7,441,077 1,039,526 1,393,150 910,450 900,274 2,507,157 3,695,736 Total Points * Sales (MWh) 59,528,618 8,316,210 1,393,150 7,283,603 % Allocated 50 7 1 6 1 17 Comm Losses 2,310,715 322,809 54,078 282,727 34,946 Adjusted Sales 9,751,792 1,362,336 1,447,228 1,193,177 20 30 32 42 Electricity Tariff (Dirham/Kwh) for Different Category Total Valu for Commercial Losses with Carent Tariff 46,214,298 9,684,279 900,274 20,057,255 22,174,416 3,075,149 20,962,519 0 119,653,526 19 0 100 778,560 860,742 0 4,644,576 935,219 3,285,717 4,556,478 31 68 68 1,730,488 11,874,521 1,083,320 52,942,078 58,530,424 3,075,149 25,607,095 68 0 0 182,059,407 Total Energy Sales 2012 [MWh] Category VL0 (0,4 kV) VL1 (11kV) VL2 (30/66 kV) Total Unit Cost by Type of Customer with Local fuel price Dirham /Kwh Cent us$ /Kwh Domestic 7,441,077 - - 7,441,077 35% 97 7.4 Small Agriculture 1,039,487 39 - 1,039,526 5% 83 6.4 Large Agriculture 626,918 195,041 571,192 1,393,150 7% 49 3.8 Light Industrial 673,733 163,881 72,836 910,450 4% 70 5.4 Heavy Industrial - 9,003 891,271 900,274 4% 47 3.6 Commercial 2,306,584 100,286 100,286 2,507,157 12% 80 6.2 State Offices 3,178,333 369,574 147,829 3,695,736 18% 64 5.0 Street Lighting 3,075,149 3,075,149 15% 59 4.6 Total 18,341,281 20,962,519 100% 76 5.9 837,824 1,783,414 PROFIT AND LOSSES ACCOUNT FOR YEAR 2012 with Local fuel price Category Domestic Total Energy Sales Expenses M.W.H )M.LD( Unit Cost Unit Price Revenue Different (subsides) )M.LD( (Dirham\KWh) 7,441,077 718 97 20 148.8 -569.3 1,039,526 86 83 30 31.2 -54.7 1,393,150 68 49 32 44.6 -23.5 Light Industrial 910,450 64 70 42 38.2 -25.4 Heavy Industrial 900,274 42 47 31 27.9 -14.3 2,507,157 3,695,736 3,075,149 201 238 183 80 64 59 68 68 68 170.5 251.3 209.1 -30.2 13.3 26.2 20,962,519 1,599 76 44.0 Small Agriculture Large Agriculture Commercial State Offices Street Lighting Total 921.6 Different -677.8 -42% Total expenses by type of activities with Local fuel price [MLD]-2012 Type of expense Generation Transmission Distribution & Customer service Total Fuel 514.6 0.5 7.3 522.4 Salaries 90.9 80.0 510.4 681.3 Depreciations 78.8 53.2 57.3 189.4 Other expenses 69.3 23.6 113.4 206.4 Total 753.6 157.4 688.5 1,599.4 Percentage 47.1% 9. 8% 43.1% 100.0% Unit Cost by type of activities with Local fuel price [Dirham / kwh]-2012 System Level Generation Transmission Distribution & Customer service Total Fuel 24.5 0.1 0.3 24.9 Salaries 4.3 3.8 24.4 32.5 Depreciations 3.8 2.5 2.7 9.0 Other expenses 3.3 1.1 5.4 9.8 Total [Dirham/kWh] 35.9 7.5 32.8 76.3 Total [Cent us$/kWh] 2.8 0.6 2.5 5.9 Unit Cost by type of activities with Local fuel price [% / kwh]-2012 System Level Generation Transmission Distribution & Customer service Total Fuel 68% 0% 1% 33% Salaries 12% 51% 74% 43% Depreciations 10% 34% 8% 12% Other expenses 9% 15% 16% 13% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% Cost with International Fuel Prices Impacts International Fuel Prices for year 2012 Type of Fuel Qua. (M3) year 2012 Price )L.D/M3( International Fuel Subsides invoice )%( )M.LD( HFO 1,420,713 917 1,302.8 96% LFO 2,577,329 1,065 2,744.9 86% GAS 7,451,056,782 0.425 3,166.7 98% Fuel Invoice 7,214.4 93% Transportation Expenses 22.1 Total 7,236.5 Statement of the value of Fuel subsidies is expected for the Year 2012 according to the amount for all Customer 1 Statement Gasoline 95 Quantity/ton Distribution Company Other Customers Distribution Company Supply Shibs 2 Qty/leterdisc 0.978 0.029 51,394,389 0.978 0.029 1,303,271 1,571,744,810 1.011 0.029 45,379 54,726,493 1.011 0.045 Total unit cost Unit Subsides L.D The value of Subsides L.D 4,074,196,782 0.020 1.072 0.150 0.922 0.020 1.027 0.150 0.877 45,055,444 0.025 1.110 0.150 0.960 1,508,740,129 0.029 0.025 1.065 0.745 0.320 17,505,045 0.045 4,119,252,226 1219.1625 1.011 0.029 0.025 1.065 0.150 0.915 2,358,034,449 91,003 109,749,520 1.011 0.029 0.025 1.065 0.150 0.915 100,411,392 202,009 256,753,097 0.995 0.029 1.024 0.545 0.479 123,079,173 0.995 0.029 1.024 0.545 0.479 12,459,090 0.995 0.029 0.020 1.089 0.090 0.999 202,503,900 3,227,500 0.995 0.029 0.020 1.044 0.090 0.954 3,080,222 22,306 24,402,626 0.888 0.029 0.917 0.585 0.332 8,102,992 1,298,641 1,420,713,358 0.888 0.029 0.917 0.036 0.881 1,252,009,491 226,389 247,669,708 0.888 0.029 0.917 0.036 0.881 218,259,949 33,408 2,227,172 19.289 0.400 1.000 0.250 20.939 2.000 18.939 42,181,385 208,630 13,908,682 19.289 0.400 1.000 0.250 20.939 2.000 18.939 263,422,613 178 11,888 19.289 0.400 0.250 19.939 2.000 17.939 213,264 11,385 1,035,007 14.146 0.400 1.000 0.250 15.796 1.500 14.296 14,796,033 موزعي الغاز 27,910 2,537,231 14.146 0.400 1.000 0.250 15.796 1.500 14.296 36,271,208 Other Customers 32 2,893 14.146 0.400 0.250 14.796 1.500 13.296 38,464 51,105,705 Other Customers 6,607 6,606,827 1.286 0.028 1.314 0.067 1.248 8,243,751 8,243,751 0.495 5.220 2.000 3.220 78,708,650 0.495 4.570 2.000 2.570 615,875 1012.09 Other Customers Distribution Company Other Customers Supply Shibs General Electric Company Other Customers Distribution Company Distribution Of Gas Other Customers Distribution Company Oils For gasoline engines 5 the current selling price 2,577,328,566 Aviatoin Liquefied Gas KG 4 FeesMade River 4,420,495,030 Aviation Kerosene Liquefied gas cylinder 11 KG 1322.775 3 Margin of Margin supply,storage distribution and handling 2,137,088 Other Customers Liquefied gas cylinder 15 KG 1058.22 Cost of Purcases L.D/Unit 37,986 975.33 General Electric Company Heavy oil Cost of Purcases L.D/Ton 3,267,180 Diesel Fuel Kerosene Homes Cost of Purcases US$/Ton Distribution Company Other Customers 20,449 25,990,669 159,427 202,632,000 1012.09 2,539 777.4 1028.77 1028.77 1028.77 3,984,691,015 1265.1125 0.045 135,538,263 1265.1125 971.75 1285.9625 1285.9625 1285.9625 271,596 24,443,680 3.725 0.350 2,663 239,640 3.725 0.350 0.650 205,584,122 1,478,372,432 305,817,262 79,324,524 10,367,929,301 Natural gas M.btu General Electric Company 270,890,620 11.700 Total Subsides 0.208 11.492 3,113,075,005 3,113,075,005 13,481,004,306 Detailed breakdown of expenses 2012 With International Fuel Price (M.LD) (%) 7,236.4 87% 758.6 9% 125.1 1.3% 11.6 0.7% DEPRECIATION 185.0 2% Total EXPENSES 8,316.7 100% DESCREPTION OPERATING MATERIAL (Fuel) Salaries & Allowances Overheads& Maintenance Expenses FINANCIAL COSTS & Services Expenses Total Energy Sales 2012 [MWh] Category VL0 (0,4 kV) VL1 (11kV)VL2 (30/66 kV) Domestic Total Unit Cost by Type of Customer with International fuel price Dirham /Kwh Cent us$ /Kwh 7,441,077 - - 7,441,077 35% 467 35.9 1,039,487 39 - 1,039,526 5% 444 34.2 626,918 195,041 571,192 1,393,150 7% 294 22.6 673,733 163,881 72,836 910,450 4% 379 29.2 - 9,003 891,271 900,274 4% 290 22.3 Commercial 2,306,584 100,286 100,286 2,507,157 12% 434 33.4 State Offices 3,178,333 369,574 147,829 3,695,736 18% 370 28.5 Street Lighting 3,075,149 3,075,149 15% 295 22.7 Total 18,341,281 20,962,519 100% 397 30.5 Small Agriculture Large Agriculture Light Industrial Heavy Industrial 837,824 1,783,414 PROFIT AND LOSSES ACCOUNT FOR YEAR 2012 with International fuel price Total Energy Sales Expenses M.W.H )M.LD( 7,441,077 3,476 467 20 148.8 -3,327.5 1,039,526 462 444 30 31.2 -430.5 1,393,150 410 294 32 44.6 -365.3 Light Industrial 910,450 345 379 42 38.2 -307.2 Heavy Industrial 900,274 261 290 31 27.9 -233.4 2,507,157 3,695,736 3,075,149 1,089 1,367 906 434 370 295 68 68 68 170.5 251.3 209.1 -918.8 -1,115.8 -696.6 20,962,519 8,317 397 44.0 Category Domestic Small Agriculture Large Agriculture Commercial State Offices Street Lighting Total Unit Cost Unit Price Revenue Different (subsides) )M.LD( (Dirham\KWh) 921.6 Different -7,395.1 -89% Total expenses by type of activities with International fuel price [MLD]-2012 Type of expense Generation Transmission Distribution & Customer service Total Fuel 7,228.6 0.5 7.3 7,236.3 Salaries 90.9 80.0 510.4 681.3 Depreciations 78.8 53.2 57.3 189.4 Other expenses 69.3 23.6 113.4 206.4 Total 7,467.6 157.4 688.5 8,313.4 Percentage 89.8% 1.9% 8.3% 100.0% Unit Cost by type of activities with International fuel price [Dirham / kwh]-2012 System Level Generation Transmission Distribution & Customer service Total Fuel 344.8 0.1 0.3 345.2 Salaries 4.3 3.8 24.4 32.5 Depreciations 3.8 2.5 2.7 9.0 Other expenses 3.3 1.1 5.4 9.8 Total [Dirham/kWh] 356.2 7.5 32.8 396.5 Total [Cent us$/kWh] 27.4 0.6 2.5 30.5 Unit Cost by type of activities with International fuel price [% / kwh]-2012 System Level Generation Transmission Distribution & Customer service Total Fuel 97% 0% 1% 87% Salaries 1% 51% 74% 8% Depreciations 1% 34% 8% 2% Other expenses 1% 15% 16% 2% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% Compared to the tariff rates and energy consumption Between some Arab countries Average electricity tariff Us Cents/kwh Electricity consumption (kWh/capita) Libya 3.3 4,850 Saudi Arabia 3.3 8,311 Jordan 7.1 2,169 Tunisia 9.5 1,252 Algeria 4.7 1,050 Morocco 11.2 744 Egypt 2.5 1,439 Country All definitions of electric power consumption in the Arab countries supported but varying degrees Compared to the tariff for some segments of the electrical consumption between some Arab countries (cents US$/kWh. And. Q) Country Domestic ) KWH 1000( Commercial )KWH 5000( Industrial )KWH( Street Lighting )KWH( Libya Saudi Jordan Tunisia Algeria Morocco Arabia 1.6 1.4 m12.5 k11.9 5.8 m14.7 5.7 l2.3 12.1 12.2 6 k16.7 3.5 3.3 6.9 8.3 3.8 14.2 5.7 1.4 7.2 9.7 - 12.9 Symbolizes the number displayed next to the tariff to the number of slides included in the field of .consumption .Source: Report of the Arab Union of Producers, Transporters and Distributors of Electricity Average per capita consumption and Libyan families and subsides the value of the expected International fuel price for the year 2012 Average household consumption for the individual and the Libyan families: the amount of household consumption (7,441,077 M.w.h) Average consumption Average consumption K.w.h/ month K.w.h/ Year 6,371,480 97.3 1,168 1,274,296 486.6 5,839 Statement Year 2012 Population Statistics Statistics the number of households value of the subsidy in the electricity bill for home consumption (M.L.D= 3,327.5) at an average cost of support around 447 Dirham / k. W. h - This support covers the value of domestic consumption only. Statement Domestic subsides the value of subsides the value of subsides consumption consumption )M.L.D( subsides the individual subsides the Family 3,327.50 )L.D/Month( )L.D/Year( 43.5 522 217.5 2,611 This support covers only the value of household consumption of all Libyan families. Average per capita consumption and Libyan families and subsides the value of the expected International fuel price for the year 2012 average consumption for all segments of consumption for the individual and the Libyan families: The amount of consumption for all sectors (20,962,519 M.w.h) Average consumption Average consumption K.w.h/ month K.w.h/ Year 6,371,480 274.2 3,290 Statistics the number of households 1,274,296 1,371 16,450 Statement Year 2012 Population Statistics value of the subsidy in the electricity bill for all segments of consumption (= 7,395.1M.L.D) at an average cost of support around 353 Dirham / k. w. h - This support covers the value of household consumption and consumption of all other sectors. All sector subsides the value of subsides the value of Statement subsides the individual subsides the Family This support covers all sectors subsides )M.L.D( 7,395.10 consumption )L.D/Month( consumption )L.D/Year( 97 1,161 484 5,803 اآللية المقترحة لسداد الدعم النقدي والية دفع مقابل الخدمات من المستهلك. نقترح أن تكون آلية إدارة وسداد الدعم النقدي من خالل وجوود كيوان أو جهوا (شوباك موحد) يتولى فتح حساب لكل األسر الليبية (حسب المقترح المرفو ) مورتبط بمنظوموة صرف ( 2000دينار) مع بطاقوة الورقم الووطنت يوتم فيوا إيودام الودعم النقودي مباشورة لحسوواب رب األسوورة الليبيووة ويووتم الصوورف منووا بطريقووة تطوومن قيووام المووواطن بوودفع ماعليا من الت امات مقابل الخدمات التى تقدم لا من الدولة بأحدى الطر التالية: • يتم إحالة فواتير الخدمات لكل رب اسرة من الجهات العامة مباشرة كشركة الكهرباء إلى الشباك الموحد ليتولى خصومها وتسوديد ا مباشورة للشوركةم لطومان سوداد حقوو الشركةم بما يمكنها من تحسين نسبة الجباية وتحسين خدماتها. • أحالووة قيمووة الوودعم فووت الكهربوواء سوونويا الووى القطووام ويووتم إصوودار فوواتورة للمسووتهلك بالفوووار بوووين مبلوووب الووودعم وبوووين فووواتورة اسوووتهالكا فوووت حالوووة ا سوووتهالك أكبووور مووون المخصص لام لطمان تحصيل مقابل استهالكا. • أو يتم صرف قيموة الودعم النقودي ل سور الليبيوة والو ام رب األسورة بسوداد موا عليووا موون الت امووات للجهووات العامووة وفووت حالووة عوودم الت امووا يووتم تجميوود حسووابا إلووى حووين إحطار ما يفيد تسوية أموره اإلدارية والمالية مع شركة الكهرباء. توصيات عامة: .1ارتفام نصيب الفرد من استهالك الكهرباء تعتبر عالمة واطحة على انخفاض الكفاءة وسوء استخدام الطاقة الكهربائيةم ويمكن إرجام تدنى الكفاءة الى سببين رئيسين ما: التعريفة المنخفطة ستهالك الكهرباء. انخفاض كفاءة األجه ة والمعدات التى تستخدم فوت السو الليبت بسبب عدم تطبي المعايير والمواصفات فت توريد ذه األجه ة الكهربائية. وطع سياسات للتصدى لظا رة الفاقد التجارى فت الطاقة والعمل علووووووووووى تحسين الفاقد الفنت فت الشبكة العامةم بما ينعكس ايجابيا على المداخيل المالية للشركة. .2ا ستثمار فت المشروعات الكهربائية يشكل عنص ار اما بالنسبة للتنمية ولكن طمان قدرة الدولة على ا ستمرار فت تحمل تكاليف ذه ا ستثمارات يواجا مخاطر بسبب تذبذب اسعار النفط المصدر الوحيد للدخلم حيث حظنا أن الدولة تنف على كافة استثمارات قطام الكهرباء وتمول نفقات العمرات الجسيمة لمحطات اإلنتاجم وتغطت الفرو قات المالية بين اسعار بيع وحدة الطاقة والتكلفة الفعلية لهام عليا ينبغت وطع سياسات لتخفيض األعباء المالية على المالية العامة للدولة. .3استمرار ت ويد الشركة بالوقود والغا الطبيعت بأسعار دون األسعار الدولية تؤدي الى تخصيص غير كفؤ للموارد فت الصناعة و تشجع علوووووووووووووووووووووووووى حسن األداء والترشيد فت استهالك الطاقة. .4 .5 .5 .6 .7 العمل علـــــى تطبيق آلية استبدال الدعم العيني للسلع والخدمات بالـــدعم النقدي لتحفيز المواطن على الترشيد في استهالكه وتطبيق مقترحات الية سداد الدعم النقدي للمواطن وتحصيل مقابل الخدمات المقدمة للمستهلك. حت القطاعات المختلفة المستهلكة للطاقة الصناعية والزراعية وغيرها على دراسة تكلفة منتجاتها بعد استبدال الدعم لمعرفة تأثير اسعار الطاقة في تكلفة منتجاتها. ليبيا تسعى الـــى الدخول بمنظمة التجارة العالمية ( )WTOواالتفاقيات الخاصة بمنظمة التجارة تتطلب النظر في دعم الكهرباء والمحروقات بشكل عــــــــــــــــــام وإعادة هيكلة القطاع ،بما يسمح بفتح باب المنافسة ودخول القطاع الخاص لممارسة هــــــــذا النشاط بمختلف مستوياته. فتح المجال لالستثمار في مصادر الطاقة المتجددة وكفاءة استخدام الطاقة وإدارة جانب الطلب من خالل وضـــــع معايير جديدة لألجهزة الكهربائية وإضاءة الشوارع والمواقع الصناعية. العمل على الترشيد في األنفاق وتحسين كفاءة األداء للعاملين بالقطاع ،حيث شهد عدد العاملين بالشركة زيادة مضطردة في السنوات الماضية وانعكس ذلك على إنتاجية مرفق الكهرباء حيث بلغ في المتوسط حوالي 34مستهلك لكل موظف بالشركة وإذا ما قارنا ذلك مع إنتاجية مرفق الكهرباء بالمملكة العربية السعودية نجدها حوالي 173مستهلكا ً لكل موظف. The proposed mechanism for the payment of cash support and payment mechanism for services from consumers. We suggest that the management mechanism and the payment of cash subsides through the presence of an entity or a ( single window services ) shall open an account for each Libyan families (according to the proposed annex) linked system of exchange (2000 L.D ) card with the national number is the deposit of cash support directly to calculate the head of the family Libyan and exchange it is a way to ensure that the citizens pay Maalih of commitments for the services that give it one of the state The following ways: Referral services are billed for each family of the Lord of the public bodies directly into electricity as a single window to take deducted and paid directly to the company, to ensure the repayment of the Company's rights , so that they can improve the ratio of tax collection and improve its services . Committed value of the subsidy in electricity annually to the sector and are issuing an invoice to the consumer the difference between the amount of support and the bill for consumption in the case of consumption is greater than his allotted to ensure the collection for the service. Or is an exchange value of cash support for families and the Libyan obligation to pay the head of the family Maalih obligations of public entities in the absence of commitment to their account is frozen until Ahzar Maevid settlement of administrative and financial affairs with the electricity company. General recommendations : 1. High per capita consumption of electricity is a clear sign of the low efficiency and poor use of electric power , and the low efficiency can be traced to two main reasons : Low tariff for electricity consumption. Low efficiency of appliances and equipment that are used in the Libyan market because of the lack of application of the standards and specifications in the supply of these electrical appliances. Develop policies to deal with the phenomenon of trade losses in the energy and work to improve the technical losses in the public network , which will be reflected positively on the financial income of the company. 2. Investment in electricity projects is an important element for development , but to ensure the state's ability to continue to bear the costs of these investments face the risk due to the fluctuation of oil prices, the only source of income , where we noticed that the state spends on all investments in the electricity sector and funded the expenses of overhauling gross production plants , covering fur Qat Finance between selling prices and the power unit and the actual cost to them, it should develop policies to reduce the financial burden on the public finances of the state. 3. Continuing to provide the company with fuel and natural gas prices below international prices lead to inefficient allocation of resources in the industry does not encourage good performance and rationalization of energy consumption. 4 . Work on the application of the replacement in-kind support for goods and services support critical to stimulate citizens to rationalization in the consumption and the application of the mechanism of repayment proposals cash support to the citizen and collect for services provided to the consumer. 5. Libya is seeking to enter the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the WTO agreements require special consideration in support of electricity and fuel in general and the restructuring of the sector, including allowing open the door to competition and the entry of the private sector to practice this activity in various levels . 6. Open the way for investment in renewable energy sources and energy efficiency and demand-side management through the development of new standards for electrical and street lighting and industrial sites . 7. Work on the rationalization in the tunnels and improve the efficiency of the sector workers , which saw the number of employees of the company steadily increased in the past years and is reflected in the productivity of the electricity utility , where an average of about 34 consumer per employee company and if we compare it with the production facility of electricity in Saudi Arabia found about 173 consumers per employee . Thank you for Your Attention
