PQSynergy TM 2011 Chiangmai The Impact of Voltage Sag for PEA Area 1(North) Customers in North Industrial Estate Suwipha Kittitanapisarn. B.Eng(EE) Assist. Chief of Power Quality Section PEA Area1 (North) Chiang Mai, THAILAND suwipai@yahoo.com Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 19 - 21 September 2011, Chiang Mai, Thailand 1 PEA Area1 (North) In Overview The Service Area of PEA Area1(North) is approx. 69,557 km2 , accounting for 13.64 % of the country. 6 Provinces 80 amphors 592 districts 6,611 villages 4,734,252 populations 1,534,755 customers Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 2 41 Substations in Responsibility of PEA Area1 (North) (278 Feeders) PEA Substation 115/22 kV PEA Substation 22 kV PEA Switching Substation115 kV MEA CSA MCA S FAA S MTG CMD CMB CMF CMA CME NIU PAS BGA PYA PEA Substation 22kV CHM LPB S Total 14 Substations Cement Thai Lampang Public Co.,Ltd. LP-2 S LP-1 LPA PEA Substation 115/22 kV Total 27 Substations PEA Switching Substation 115kV LNC LIA CUN LPC HCA NIA CTG S HOA CMC LNB LNA CEA PAN DKA SKP EGAT Substation Customer115 kV MLA WPA MTA MRM S TNG S CDO PAU S Transmission Line 115 kV PEA THG CR CRA MHA MCN CKN TEA Total 2 Substations 3 The Comparison of Peak Load Year 2011 and 2010 MW 1100 916.00 1008.66 991.33 939.09 995.73 948.38 926.97 937.62 935.01 871.20 Higher than 4.55% 800 Higher than= 12.5% Higher than = 4.86% Lower than = 4.85% Lower than = 3.92% Lower than = 4.38% 876.12 600 1,039.12 957.77 987.46 900 700 1037.81 1031.76 1041.39 Higher than = 7.83% 1000 980.09 980.45 500 Jan ม.ค. Feb Mar ก.พ. มี.ค. Apr เม.ย. May พ.ค. June มิ.ย. โหลดสูง2010 สุด ปี 53 Year Jul ก.ค. Aug ส.ค. โหลดสู ด ปี 54 Yearงสุ2011 Sep ก.ย. Oct ต.ค. Nov พ.ย. Dec ธ.ค. Lamphun Province In Brief 8 Amphors 8 Substations Power Transformer Capacity 490MVA Total Load 175.2 MW UF. 40.87 % 5 Transmission Loop Line Project in Chiangmai Area MR M Now Open Looped Peak Load 300 MW 1,630 A DKA CMD CME CMC CMF SKP LNC,NIA,N Introduction North Industrial Estate NIU Substation North Industrial Estate Lot2 North Industrial Estate Lot1 NIA Substation 3 Substations Power Transformer Capacity 240 MVA Total Load 101.7 MW UF. 48.42 % 8 Amphors 8 Substations Power Transformer LNC Substation Capacity 490MVA Sahapat Industrial Estate Total Load 115kV CMC- LNC 175.2 MW 4.89 3.11 1.47 1.38 2.00 1.57 1.73 3.00 2.83 4.00 Lower than 21.47% 3.84 4.42 5.00 Times per customer per year 4.90 6.00 4.64 5.83 Report of Average SAIFI Indices (Accumulated from Jan-June 2011) Compare with Target (Level3) in Year 2011 1.00 0.00 Industrial Estate City Municiple District Municiple SAIFI Year 2011 SAIFI SubDistrictt Residental Municiple Area Total Target Year 2011 8 Industrial Estate City Municiple District Municiple Subdistrict Municiple SAIDI SAIDI Year 2011 Residental Area Lower than27.35% 122.65 168.82 201.82 154.27 98.68 59.07 78.29 40.58 45.03 56.41 55.33 Minutes per customer per year 240.0 210.0 180.0 150.0 120.0 90.0 60.0 30.0 0.0 169.77 Report of Average SAIDI Indices (Accumulated from Jan-June 2011) Compare with Target (Level3) in Year 2011 Total Target Year 2011 9 Voltage Sag (IEEE Std.1159-1995) To Industrial Customers, a Voltage Sag and Momentary Interruption are equivalent if both shut their process down 10 Fault in Transmission and Distribution Line 22 kV 115kV 22 kV/400 V 2500 KVA DYn11 While the Fault is in the Transmission System, the Entire Power System, including the Distribution System will experience Voltage Sag and Fault are cleared 3-6 cycles for Fault Detection and Breaker Operation Severity of Voltage Sag depend on - Fault Location - Fault Sizing - Fault Type and Clearing Time of Protection Equipment Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 11 Study of Voltage Sag Analysis in North Industrial Estate Process of Voltage Sag Prediction 1.To Correctly Prepare Single Line Diagram of North Industrial Estate Area from PEA-GIS Phase2 Web Database 2.Performing Short-Circuit Simulations with Sliding Faults which include Line to Line, Line to Ground and Three Phase Faults in Digsilent 14.0 Simulation Program. 3.Calcutaion Magnitude of Voltage Sag at Interesting Load 4.Predict Voltage Sag Duration Time by Characteristic of Clearing Fault of Protection Equipment 5.Compare Characteristic of Voltage Sag for Determine the Need for Power Conditioning Equipment at Sensitive Loads in Customer Area Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 12 Theory of Voltage Sag Analysis V sag = Z 2 + Z f Impedance Divider Z1+Z2+Zf Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 13 Transmission Line from CMC to LNC Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 14 Process to Voltage Sag Analysis 1.Prepare Single Line Diagram from PEA-GIS Phase 2 Web Database Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 15 GIS Phase 2 Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 16 Export Single Line Diagram from GIS Phase 2 as *dz files Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 17 3.Merge *.dz Files in Digsilent Power Factory Version 14.0 and start to run Sliding Fault Calculation Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 18 Voltage Sag from Transmission Fault *OPTREX is a Customer in North Industrial Estate Lot1 Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 19 (Continued) Voltage Sag from Transmission Fault Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 20 Description Voltage Sag from Distribution Fault Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 21 4. The Result For Fault at NIU02 ,5 km. From NIU Substation 3P-Fault=3.63 kA, distance =5km. V=0 pu. 0.14 pu. For Parallel Feeder (NIU01,03,05 = 0.49 pu.) S Drissen 0.43 pu. 0.46 pu. Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 22 Voltage Sag Summary from Distribution Fault Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 23 (Continued)Voltage Sag Summary from Distribution Fault Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 24 Voltage Sag Occurrence Calculation Summary from Transmission and Distribution Fault Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 25 Voltage Sag Occurrence Calculation Summary from Transmission and Distribution Fault Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 26 How Often for Customers to Meet Voltage Sag? How Often for Sag 40% at Drissen Co.,Ltd.(NIU02) In 8 Months? Drissen Co.,Ltd. Meet Sag 40% = Uniform Fault Rate x Distance from NIU-Drissen = 0.17 (Faults/km-year) x 1 km. = 0.17 sags / 8 Months Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 27 Installation Dranetz-BMI PX5-400 POWER Analyzer 1.At Chiangmai 3 Substation(CMC) 2.At OPTREX Co.,Ltd.(NIA10) 3.At Drissen Co.,Ltd.(NIU 02) Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 28 Power Quality Measurement at OPTREX Co.,Ltd. 3 times for Transient 25 Jul – 26 Jul 2011 Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 29 Power Quality Measurement at Drissen Co.,Ltd. Abnormal Harmonic 5th order at Main Capacitor 12 Sep – 15 Sep 2011 Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 30 Power Quality Measurement at Central Pattana Chiangmai Two events of Voltage Sag at MDB11 from 10 -16 Jun 2011 Instantaneous(0.01-0.6S) Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand Sag 46% 31 Conclusion The Impact of Voltage Sag for PEA Area 1(North) Customers in North Industrial Estate 1. The Result of 1P-Fault in 115 kV Transmission Line (From CMC to LNC Substation) Effects Voltage Sag not less than 0.8 pu. 2. The Result of 1P-Fault in 22 kV Distribution Line (NIU,NIA,LNCSubstation) Effects Voltage Sag not less than 0.6 pu. 3. Uniform Fault Rate of LNC Substation (From TR.1) has the Most Value and Implies that at the Same Distance from Substation if Comparing with Other Substation in Industrial Park ,LNC Substation (From TR.1) must have the Most Effect from Voltage Sag Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 32 Suwipha Kittitanapisarn. PEA Area1 (North) Chiang Mai, THAILAND suwipai@yahoo.com Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 33