TUTORIAL INSTRUCTIONS:
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One mole of an element, such as
solid sulfur, contains 6.022 x 1023 sulfur
atoms.
One mole of the liquid diatomic
element bromine contains 6.022 x 1023
bromine molecules.
One mole of a gaseous compound
like carbon dioxide contains 6.022
x 1023 carbon dioxide molecules.
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One mole of sulfur has a mass of
32.066 grams.
One mole of bromine has a mass
of 159.808 grams.
One mole of carbon dioxide has a
mass of 44.010 grams.
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At room temperature and pressure:
one mole of solid sulfur has a volume of
approximately sixteen cubic centimeters;
one mole of bromine has a volume of fifty
one cubic centimeters;
one mole of carbon dioxide has a volume
of twenty thousand cubic centimeter.
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the formula of sulfur
atoms is S, the atomic
weight of sulfur is
32.066, and so one mole
of sulfur atoms has a
mass of 32.066 grams;
the formula of bromine
molecules is Br2, the molecular
weight of bromine is twice the
atomic weight of bromine, that
is, two times 79.904 which is
159.808, and so one mole of
bromine has a mass of 159.808
grams;
the formula of carbon dioxide
molecules is CO2, the molecular
weight of carbon dioxide is the
atomic weight of carbon plus
twice the atomic weight of
oxygen, that is, 12.011 plus two
times 15.9994 which is 44.010,
and so one mole of carbon
dioxide has a mass of 44.010
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grams.
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1.Convert 30 g carbon to moles.
The formula of carbon is C
and its atomic weight is
12.011, therefore one mole of
carbon has a mass of 12.011
grams.
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(Convert 30 g C to mol.)
mass (g) carbon  moles carbon
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(Convert 30 g C to mol.)
1
mole
C
_________
30 g C x
12.011 g C
30 mole C
12.011
= 2.5 mol C
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2. Convert 3.5 liters of
ammonia at S.T.P. to
moles.
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(Convert 3.5 L NH3 at S.T.P. to mol.)
At S.T.P., one mole of
gaseous ammonia, NH3, has
a volume of 22.414 liters.
volume (L) ammonia
moles ammonia
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
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(Convert 3.5 L NH3 at S.T.P. to mol.)
mol
NH
1
___________
3
3.5 L NH3 x
22.414 L NH3
3.5 mol NH3
22.414
= 0.16 mol NH3
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3. How many moles
of glucose are in 10 mL
of a 0.5 molar aqueous
solution?
The unit molar, M, is defined as the
number of moles of solute dissolved in
one liter of solution. This solution
contains 0.5 moles glucose per one liter
of solution.
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(# mol glucose in 10 mL 0.5 M soln?)
volume (mL) solution 
volume (L) solution 
moles solvent
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(# mol glucose in 10 mL 0.5 M soln?)
10 mL solution
or
10 mL solution
or
10 mL solution
x
1 L
______
1000 mL
x
1 L
103 mL
x
10-3 L
1 mL
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(# mol glucose in 10 mL 0.5 M soln?)
10 mL solution x
1 L x 0.5 mol glucose
1000 mL
1
L solution
or
10 mL solution x
or
10 mL solution x
1 L x 0.5 mol glucose
1
L solution
103 mL
10-3 L x 0.5 mol glucose
1 mL
1
L solution
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(# mol glucose in 10 mL 0.5 M soln?)
10 mL solution x
1 L x 0.5 mol glucose
1000 mL
1 L solution
or
10 mL solution x
1 L x 0.5 mol glucose
103 mL
1 L solution
or
10 mL solution x 10-3 L x 0.5 mol glucose
1 mL
1 L solution
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(# mol glucose in 10 mL 0.5 M soln?)
10 x 0.5 mol glucose
1000
or
10 x 0.5 mol glucose
103
or
10 x 10-3 x 0.5 mol glucose
= 0.005 or 5 x 10-3 mol glucose
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4. How many
atoms are
present in 4.0
moles of
phosphine, PH3?
(# atoms in 4.0 mol PH3?)
Each molecule of phosphine
contains four atoms (one
phosphorus, three hydrogens.)
moles phosphine 
molecules phosphine 
atoms
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(# atoms in 4.0 mol PH3?)
x 1023 molecules PH3
4.0 mol PH3 x 6.02
_____________________
1
mol PH3
x
atoms
4
1 molecule PH3
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(# atoms in 4.0 mol PH3?)
4.0 mol PH3 x 6.02
x 1023 molecules PH3
___________________
1
mol PH3
x 4
atoms
1 molecules PH3
4.0 x 6.02 x 1023 x 4 atoms
= 9.6 x 1024 atoms
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5. How many
electrons are lost
by ionization of
0.65 moles of
calcium?
(# electrons lost by 0.65 mol Ca?)
When calcium ionizes each
atom loses two electrons
2+
and becomes Ca .
moles calcium 
atoms calcium 
electrons
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(# electrons lost by 0.65 mol Ca?)
23 atoms Ca
6.02
x
10
0.65 mol Ca x __________________
mol Ca
1
x 2 electrons
1 atoms Ca
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(# electrons lost by 0.65 mol Ca?)
0.65 mol Ca x 6.02 x 1023 atoms Ca
1
mol Ca
x
2 electrons
1 atoms Ca
0.65 x 6.02 x 1023 x 2 electrons
= 7.8 x 1023 electrons
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