Representative Sampling
By
Chuck Abbott
Automatic Samplers
Industry Sampler Needs
 If sampler required, usually going to be refrigerated
 Permit determines type of sampling needed and
frequency
 Sequential sampling in multiple bottles
 Composite samples
 Permit determines if any additional monitoring is
needed
 Flow pacing for flow proportional samples
 pH monitoring and ability to enable sampler to take
sample on high or low pH event
Sequential Sampling
 Usually done when monitoring




for specific events like slugs.
Used by enforcement to check
industry and determine pollutant
trending
Multiple bottles are used with the
standard being the 24 bottle
sampler.
One or more samples collected in
individual bottle each hour.
flexible enough to take
samples/bottle or multiple
bottles/sample
Pro Pak
•Alternative to
polypro bottles.
•Designed to
reduce bottle
cleaning cost
•Disposable
•Sequential bags or
composite bag
•Directly replaces
Polypro Bottles
Pre-treatment Trends
Pre-treatment groups
are moving towards
Portable Refrigerated
Samplers as well as
compact units such as
the GLS
Pre-Treatment group monitoring
needs.
 Usually portable samplers
 Normally use composite but have applications that call
for multibottle
 Need flexible program capabilities
 May need 2 part program
 Flow proportional sampling
 Sample enabled/ triggers based on events
Stored Data
Data can be stored in either 2105 or
6712 internal data logger
•Data Collected via Flowlink 5.1
Important features for Industrial
pre-treatment use
 Accurate and repeatable volume deliver
 Multiple bottle capabilities
 Accurate liquid detection system
 Able to take samples based on flow input or based on
time or a combination of imputs
 Able to store sample, flow and other data that can be
retrieved later
 Easy to maintain
Bottle Options
Sample Size and Frequency
 Minimum sample volume
collected with an automatic
sampler should be no less
than 10 ml.
 Recommended size is no less
than 50 ml because of
 liquid detector
 Sample volume repeatability
 Volume required by lab
 Bigger is better theory
Preventative Sampler
Maintenance
 Pump tubing replacement
 Suction line replacement
 Container replacement
 Diagnostic routines
 Volume calibration
Pump Counter
 Counts actual revolutions
 Determines pump time
 not related to time
 not affected by battery
 Specifiable Feature!
6712 Pump Tubing
 Bands indicate position
 bands won’t slip
 Label for pump
 shows installation, direction
0.25”
0.29”
Tubing Life Indicator
 Set for 1,000,000 counts
 Adjustable
 site conditions
 Maintenance tool
Industrial Monitoring
 Integral monitoring of flow, level, pH, temperature
and SDI-12 parameters
 Discreet bottle sampling
 Flexibility in programming
 2 part programming
 Non-uniform time/ random time intervals
 Time enables
Volume Delivery
 LD90 and pump counter
 Most accurate volumes
 prevents biasing in samples
 prevents overflows
+/- 5 ml repeatability
Types of Samples
 Distribution
 Composite

Single Bottle
 Sequential
 Multiple Bottles
 Samples Per Bottle
 Bottles Per Sample
 Pacing
 Time
 Flow
 Event
Types of Samples
 Composite
 Composite samples are
small volumes of sample
taken over time and
placed in a large
container.
 Composite samples can
be taken in two ways,
fixed volume or flow
proportional
Composite
5
4
3
2
1
Sequential Sampling
 Usually done when monitoring for




specific events like slugs.
Used by enforcement to check
industry and determine pollutant
trending
Multiple bottles are used with the
standard being the 24 bottle
sampler.
One or more samples collected in
individual bottle each hour.
flexible enough to take
samples/bottle or multiple
bottles/sample
Sequential Sampling
1
2
3
4
5
6
Two Part Programming
Part A
Part B
2
4
6
8
3
5
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11-24
Sampler Pacing
 Time





Uniform Time- Fixed Volume
Uniform Time- Volume Dependent
Uniform- Flow Dependent Volume
Non Uniform Time
Random Time
 Flow

Flow Paced – Time Override
 Trigger and Event Pacing
Challenging sampling application
accessories
 Difficult to reach locations
 Sampling from Pressurized lines
 Sampling from Flumes and Weirs
 Sampling in low flow conditions
 Batch Dischargers and how to get a representative
sample.
Best Sampler Location
 Accessibility
 Close to source









Conserve power
Maintain line velocity
Reduce wear
Protect suction line
Minimize lift

Max lift- 8.5m/28ft

Auxiliary pump
Safety of Personnel
Security
Availability of Power Source
Good mixing for representative
samples
How to get best representative
sample
 Use proper strainer size and
type
 Keep intake tube short and
as vertical as you can
 Keep sampler close to
sampling point
 Change Pump Tubing when
needed.
 Change intake tubing often
and keep clean
Strainer Placement -Flumes
Strainer Placement - Weirs
Strainer
location here
is not going to
enable a
representative
sample to be
taken.
Isco Flow Thru Chamber
Flow-thru chambers are
available for use in low
pressure (under 30 PSI) closed
pipe applications.
Suction Line Requirements
 Similar to strainer
 follow most stringent requirement
 if glass needed, use Teflon suction line
 clean and/or replace as needed
Pressurized Line Sampling
Teledyne Isco now offers
pressurized sampling
systems to allow sample
collect from pressure
lines less than 300 psi.
Spa Products
Specially developed products to
help meet you sampling needs:
•Black Vinyl Suction line
•Ultra Low flow strainer
•Customer support hangers
such as the Pro Hanger
•Remote pump option
Low Flowing Pipes
 Low Flow Strainer
 1/4” to 3/8”
 ¼” suction line
Batch discharging and
representative sampling
 When taking a sample
from any source it must
be representative of the
source.
 Sampling a batch
discharger best done
with flow proportional
sampling method
 Liquid level indicator or
trigger based on level or
rate of change
Batch discharge example with flow paced
sampling when triggered by level increase
Alarming
Both discreet and digital
alarms available
•SPA 697 for contact
closure
•SPA 1489 CDMA Modem
•SMS Alarms
Remote Communication
Remote Communication
through 2105 C Module as
well as SPA 1489 CDMA
Modem
Any Questions?