Session 16
Windows 7 Professional
DNS & Active Directory
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
1
Session 16
Windows 7 Professional
Configuring TCP/IP Addressing &
Name Resolution
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
2
Overview
• Configuring IP Addresses
• Troubleshooting IP Addresses
• Determining TCP/IP Name Resolution
Methods
• Configuring a DNS and WINS Client
• Connecting to a Remote Host
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
3
Configuring IP Addresses
• Assigning Static IP Addresses
• Overview of Dynamic Address Assignment
• Using DHCP to Automate IP Address
Assignments
• Enabling Alternate IP Configuration
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
4
Assigning Static IP Addresses
Client with
Static
Addressing
Fall 2011
Specifies
192.168.2.15
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
5
Overview of Dynamic Address
Assignment
• Dynamic address
• Alternate static address
• Automatic Private IP Address
Client with
Dynamic
Addressing
Automatic
Private
IP address
generates
IP address
Fall 2011
DHCP
Server
Request for
IP address
No
Is
alternate IP
configured?
Yes
Assign alternate
IP address
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
No
Is DHCP
available?
Yes
Assign an IP
address
6
Using DHCP to Automate IP Address
Assignments
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
7
Enabling Alternate IP Configuration
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
8
Troubleshooting IP Addresses
• Using TCP/IP Troubleshooting Utilities
• Using ipconfig to Troubleshoot IP
Addressing
• Using ping to Troubleshoot IP Addressing
• Using tracert to See Packet Traversal
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
9
Using TCP/IP Troubleshooting
Utilities
•
•
•
•
•
•
arp
hostname
ipconfig
ping
pathping
tracert
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
10
Using ipconfig to Troubleshoot IP
Addressing
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
11
Using ping to Troubleshoot IP
Addressing
Testing IP Configuration
Ping 127.0.0.1 (Loopback Address)
Ping IP address of the computer
Ping IP address of the default gateway
Ping IP address of the remote host
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
12
Lab A: Configuring IP Addresses for
Windows XP Professional
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
13
Determining TCP/IP Name
Resolution Methods
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Types of Names
Mapping Names: Dynamic or Static Tables
Dynamic IP Mapping
Static IP Mapping
Selecting a Name Resolution Method
Host Name Resolution Process
NetBIOS Name Resolution Process
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
14
Types of Names
Host name
NetBIOS name
Fall 2011

Assigned to a computer’s IP address

Up to 255 characters in length

Can contain alphabetic and numeric
characters, hyphens, and periods

Together with the domain name creates
a fully qualified domain name

16-byte address

15 of the bytes may be used for the
name

16th byte is used by the services that a
computer offers to the network
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
15
Mapping Names: Dynamic or Static
Tables
Host name to IP
DNS server
HOSTS file
Fall 2011
NetBIOS name to IP
Dynamic
tables
Static
tables
WINS server
LMHOSTS file
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
16
Dynamic IP Mapping
DNS server
WINS server
Fall 2011

A system for naming computers and
network services

Naming system is organized in a
hierarchical fashion

Maps domain names to IP address

Mapping records are stored on a
DNS server

Provides a distributed database for
registering dynamic mappings of
NetBIOS names

Maps NetBIOS names to IP
addresses
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
17
Static IP Mapping

Provides name resolution for host
name to IP address

Multiple host names can be assigned
to the same IP address

Provides name resolution for
NetBIOS name to IP address

A Part of the LMHOSTS file is
pre-loaded into memory

One IP per NetBIOS name; names
can be a single device or a group
HOSTS file
LMHOSTS file
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
18
Selecting a Name Resolution Method
DNS is required when:

Client is a member of the active
directory domain

Client needs to communicate over
the Internet
DNS server
WINS is required when:
WINS server
Fall 2011

Client is a member of a Windows NT
4.0 or earlier domain

Client applications or services
require NetBIOS name resolution
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
19
Host Name Resolution Process
A
1
2
3
Enter command
LMHOSTS
file
Local host name
8
Broadcast
DNS cache
4
7
HOSTS
file
5
Fall 2011
9
DNS server
6
WINS server
NetBIOS name cache
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
20
NetBIOS Name Resolution Process
A
1
2
7
Enter command
DNS server
NetBIOS name cache
6
3
WINS server
5
4
Fall 2011
HOSTS
file
LMHOSTS
file
Broadcast
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
21
Configuring a DNS and WINS Client
• Specifying Host Names, Domain Names, and
Connection-Specific Names
• Configuring a DNS Client
• Specifying Additional DNS Servers
• Configuring DNS Query Settings
• Configuring DHCP to Dynamically Update
DNS
• Troubleshooting DNS Name Resolution
• Configuring a WINS Client
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
22
Names, and Connection-Specific
Names
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
23
Configuring a DNS Client
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
24
Specifying Additional DNS Servers
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
25
Configuring DNS Query Settings
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
26
Configuring DHCP to Dynamically
Update DNS
Client registered
DHCP registered
Computer1
Static or Dynamic
DHCP Server
1 Request for IP address
Assign IP address 2
of 192.168.120.133
3
3
DHCP
dynamic update
Client
dynamic update
Computer1
192.168.120.133
DNS Server
Fall 2011
DNS database
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
27
Troubleshooting DNS Name
Resolution
1
Use nslookup
command
2
Fall 2011
Change the host name
resolution configuration
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
28
Configuring a WINS Client
Manual configuration
Automatic configuration
DHCP
server
DHCP clients
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
29
Lab B: Configuring the DNS Client
for Windows XP Professional
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
30
Connecting to a Remote Host
• Working with FTP
• Working with Telnet
• Using HyperTerminal
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
31
Working with FTP
Windows Explorer
graphical client
Command
line client
Windows XP Professional provides various client FTP interfaces
along with the tools for hosting FTP sites by using IIS
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
32
Working with Telnet
Issuing UNIX commands
Telnet client:
UNIX server
Telnet server
Windows XP Professional
Telnet client
Telnet server:
UNIX workstation
Telnet client
Fall 2011
Issuing Telnet commands
Windows XP Professional
Telnet server
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
33
Using HyperTerminal
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
34
SSH & Putty
• Secure Shell Host
• Putty - http://www.putty.org/
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
35
Review
• Configuring IP Addresses
• Troubleshooting IP Addresses
• Determining TCP/IP Name Resolution
Methods
• Configuring a DNS and WINS Client
• Connecting to a Remote Host
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
36
Homework
 Review the Slides
 Review Lesson 6, 8, & 17 In The Text
 Try This At Home:
Bring Up Windows 7 under VMPlayer
Fall 2011
Nassau Community College
ITE153 – Operating Systems
37