Business Process Modelling
-10.2/2013 -
Marcello La Rosa
Queensland University of Technology
Brisbane, 26 September 2013
Quick Repeat from Week 9
• How can we compensate for the effects of an activity?
• How can we perform routines in parallel to a process?
• What is an alternative notation to boundary events?
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
BPMN Modelling
- Choreography diagrams -
BPMN 2.0 model types
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
Choreography Diagram
Customer
Focuses on the interactions among two or more participants.
Order
Cancelation
Request
for Quote
Order
Cancelation
Ack
Quote
Order
Confirmation
Manufacturer
Invoice
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
Payment
Customer
Choreography Diagram (cont’ed)
Order Cancelation
Cancel Order
Request
for Quote
Order
Cancelation Ack
Get Quote
Place Order
Quote
Manufacturer
Interactions can
be explicitly
captured
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
Order
Confirmation
Confirm
Order
Payment
Pay for Order
Invoice
Choreography Diagram (cont’ed)
Pools can be
dropped
Order Cancelation
Customer
Cancel Order
Request
for Quote
Order
Customer
Customer
Get Quote
Place Order
Manufacturer
Manufacturer
Quote
Manufactuer
Cancelation Ack
Order
Confirmation
Payment
Customer
Customer
Confirm
Order
Pay for Order
Manufactuer
Manufacturer
Invoice
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
Choreography
Process model of the interactions taking place
between two or more business parties
• Focuses on message exchange between parties
• Acts as a contract between parties
• Can be refined into private processes or into a
collaboration diagram
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
Choreography Task
• Atomic activity
• Represents an interaction between two business parties
• Either one-way (asynchronous) or two-way
(synchronous)
• Distinction between initiating and receiving party
Initiator
Choreography Task
Name
Recipient
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
Choreography Task
• Band of initiating party unfilled
• Message icons optional
Choreography Task
Collaboration View
Customer
Customer
Car
Evaluate cost
estimation
Handover car
Estimate of costs
Cost
estimate
Car
Cost
estimate
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
Garage
Garage
Evaluate
damage
...
...
Basic Choreography Elements
Sequence flow – Connects and orders
choreography tasks, events and gateways
Events – Most process events allowed. No
non-interrupting events
Gateways – All process gateways allowed:
Exclusive, Inclusive, Parallel and Eventbased gateways
Annotation
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
Text annotations, groups – No restrictions on
their use
Choreography Sequencing Constraints
The initiator of a Choreography Activity must have been
involved in the previous Activity (excluding first activity)
Why?!
Business Process Model and Notation, Page 338
OMG Document Number: formal/2011-01-03
January 2011
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
Choreography Sequencing Constraints
Business Process Model and
Notation, Page 339
OMG Document Number:
formal/2011-01-03
January 2011
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
Example: Choreography of an auction
A Seller sends information about an item he wants to
sell to an auction Provider. The Provider publishes the
auction by offering the item to the Bidder. Once the
auction has started the Bidder may place an offer. In
case the item is sold the auction Provider finalises the
purchase with the Buyer, otherwise he notifies the
Seller that his item has not been sold.
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
Solution: Choreography of an auction
Initiator must be
the party that
took the decision
Item
sold
Seller
Bidder
Bidder
Compile auction
Offer item
Place offer
Auction Provider
Auction Provider
Auction Provider
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
Finalize purchase
Auction Provider
Seller
Item
not sold
Decision needs
to be taken by
preceding
interaction,
based on
available data
Buyer
Notify of unsold
item
Auction Provider
Choreography Task – Internal Markers
Only one of the loop or multi-instance applicable
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
Multi-instance
Party A
Choreography Task
Choreography Task
Party B
Party B
Send Message
Receive
Message
Party A
Party A
Party B
Party B
Party A
Loop
Send Message
Receive
Message
Choreography Task
Multi-instance Party marker
Party A
• Parties may be multi-instance
• E.g. customers or shippers
Send Message
Party A
Choreography Task
Party B
Party B
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
Receive
Message
Example: Choreography of an auction
Where can we use the MI party in the auction example?
Buyer
Buyer
Item
Item
sold
sold
Seller
Seller
Bidder
Bidder
Bidder
Bidder
Compile
auction
Compile
auction
Offeritem
item
Offer
Place offer
offer
Place
Auction
Provider
Auction
Provider
AuctionProvider
Provider
Auction
Auction Provider
Provider
Auction
Finalizepurchase
purchase
Finalize
AuctionProvider
Provider
Auction
Seller
Seller
Item
Item
not
not sold
sold
Notify
Notifyofofunsold
unsold
item
item
Auction
AuctionProvider
Provider
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
Sub-Choreography
• Compound activity of a choreography
• Involves at least two business parties
• Loop, MI activity and MI party markers are applicable
Party C
Party B
Party C
Party B
Choreography SubProcess Name
Party A
Choreography Sub-Process Name
Party B
Party C
Choreography
Task Name X
Choreography
Task Name Y
Party A
Party B
Party A
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
What is this choreography doing?
The interactions following an eventbased split must have the same
receiver
All parties involved in the interactions
following the split must be involved in
the interaction preceding the split, to
be aware of the timer
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
Example: Choreography
Use this diagram as a template to build the corresponding
collaboration diagram
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
Solution
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
So, what’s the difference between
Collaboration and Choreography
diagrams?
References
Required
• Section 4.7 of Chapter 4 of textbook “Fundamentals of BPM”
Recommended
• OMG (2011): BPMN 2.0 Specification
• BPM Offensive (2011): BPMN 2.0 Poster
• OGM (2010): BPMN 2.0 By Example
Web References
• OMG BPM Initiative
• BPMN Community
Books on BPMN
• Silver B. (2011): “BPMN Method & Style” 2nd Edition, Cody-Cassidy
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013
A/Prof. Marcello La Rosa
IS School Academic Director
(Corporate Programs and Partnerships)
BPM Discipline, IS School
Science & Engineering Faculty
Queensland University of Technology
126 Margaret Street
Brisbane QLD 4000
Australia
p +61 (0)7 3138-9482
e m.larosa@qut.edu.au
w www.marcellolarosa.com
© INB/INN320 10.2/2013 – 26 September 2013