GEANT 4 simulation of energy
deposited in KASCADE-Grande
detectors
A. Gherghel−Lascu1 , I.M. Brancus2 , A. Saftoiu2 , G. Toma2 , O. Sima1
1
Department of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
2
National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
Carpathian Summer School of Physics 2012
Contents:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Motivation
KASCADE-Grande experiment
Grande detector station
Geant4 simulation of the energy deposit spectrum
Parameterization of the energy deposit spectrum
Conclusions, remarks and perspectives
1. Motivation
The study of cosmic rays aims to determine as precise as possible the
type, energy and angle of incidence of the primary cosmic radiation.
This can be done by determining the particle densities at ground level,
in this case by estimating the energy deposited in the scintillators.
Energy deposition spectrum depends only on the particle type, angle
of incidence and secondary particle energy (independent on the EAS
development).
A GEANT simulation for the interaction between all the secondary
particles and the detectors will take a huge amount of time(for each
EAS observed)!
A parameterization of the energy deposit can speed up the process (if
it can be done precisely).
2. KASCADE-Grande experiment
KASCADE-Grande experiment setup
3. Grande detector station
Picture of a Grande station
Schematic representation of the 16
detectors inside
3. Grande detector station
3
Geant4 simulation of a Grande station
Walls: 3935 X 4502 X 2216 mm
3
Wall thickness: 1.73 mm
Scintilator : 80 x 80 x4 cm
3
Box: 900 x 900 x 50 mm
2
Pyramide: 900 x 900 mm
base: 300 mm high
- wall thickness: 1 mm (steel)
Polyviniltoluene
4. Geant4 simulation of the energy deposit spectrum
Simulation of the Energy deposition spectrum for the most common particles in EAS
4. Geant4 simulation of the energy deposit spectrum
4. Geant4 simulation of the energy deposit spectrum
4. Geant4 simulation of the energy deposit spectrum
4. Geant4 simulation of the energy deposit spectrum
5. Parameterization of the energy deposit spectrum
5. Parameterization of the energy deposit spectrum
Example of Landau fit over the main peak (𝜇− 500 GeV, 0°-70°)
6. Conclusions, remarks and perspectives
Variation of the σ parameter of the main Landau distribution with the energy and angle
of the incident muons.
6. Conclusions, remarks and perspectives
• The energy deposition spectrum can be deconstructed in simple distributions
(Exponential, Landau, Gauss etc.).
• This procedure has been done before using GEANT3 and without taking into
consideration the concrete floor of the station.
• A fast Monte Carlo simulation can be done after the variation of all the
parameters of the energy deposition spectrum are known.
• This method will be 100-1000 times faster than a GEANT simulation, so the
energy deposited in the detectors can be computed for all the secondary particles
generated in a EAS that reach the ground.