Jennifer Hall, Senior Logistics Analyst
29 August 2013
Contents
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

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
Background
Truck Productivity Indicators
Purpose of Study
Key Findings of Data Analysis
Next Steps
Background
 Trucking vital to Fremantle container supply chain
• Currently handles approx 85% of total Port volume
• Even if rail reaches 30% road volumes will increase
• Both truck numbers and efficiency are key issues
 Truck Survey measures of productivity have shown a
stagnation since 2006 and decline over last 2 years
 Explanations for this based largely on speculation and
anecdotal evidence
 A number of other issues need attention:
• VBS “Mad minute”
• Large number of carriers
• Orderly transition to 24x7
Truck Loading (Utilisation)
TEU per loaded truck
1.75
1.24
2002
1.28
2003
1.30
2004
1.89
1.86
1.78
1.76
1.75
TEU per truck (incl Unladen)
1.34
2005
1.42
2006
1.88
1.35
2007
1.90
1.87
1.33
2008
1.36
2009
1.86
1.36
2010
1.85
1.33
2011
1.28
2012
Empty Running
60%
31
50%
Port Beach Road
27
Tydeman Road
27
%age unladen
23
20
20
32
25
40%
36
27
28
30%
673
499
398
409
410
397
554
536
585
20%
471
370
10%
0%
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Truck Number Forecasts for Fremantle Ports
600
1400
1200
500
(ii) Current truck
productivity, rail
share increased
1000
400
800
300
600
200
Current Level
400
100
200
0
0
2012
2015
2020
2025
Trade (TEU's '000s)
Number of Trucks per hour(0600hrs - 1700hrs)
(i) Current truck
productivity, rail as
at present
(iii) Improve truck
productivity, rail
targets met
(iv) As for (iii)
except 15% of
trucks move
between 1800 and
0500
TEU's (000's) excl
transshipments
Purpose of Study
 Develop reliable data on the container trucking industry
 Understand what is driving carrier decisions
 Identify factors impacting on productivity
 Understand impacts of Terminal and Empty Park booking




systems
Engage industry in defining issues and identify solutions
Assess feasibility of proposed improvement initiatives
Develop recommendation and strategy for the future
Consideration must be given to impacts on rail of improved
trucking efficiency and productivity
Number of Transport Carriers
140
120
122
104
104
DPW
Patrick
91
96
Container Parks
DPW
100
121
106
80
60
40
20
0
CMS August 2011
Patrick
October 2012
DPW
Patrick
March 2013
Patrick
5
9
69
Container
Parks
7
6
DPW
21
17
79
Patrick
43
DPW
18
88
Patrick
33
DPW
8
125 unique carriers
139 unique carriers
142 unique carriers
Concentration of Carriers
 The top 10 carriers handle 50% of the full TEU task
 The top 31 handle 75% of the full TEU task, as illustrated
 111 carriers do the remaining 25%
 Fremantle carrier numbers high cf other Ports
Group A
Group B
Group D
Group C
1,600
80%
1,400
70%
1,200
60%
1,000
Full TEU per week
Cumulative Percentage
50%
800
40%
600
30%
400
20%
200
10%
-
0%
Unladen Trucks – Tydeman Rd
100%
Container trucks per hour
150
100
60%
40%
50
20%
0%
0
0500
Container trucks per hour
80%
Outbound unladen
Outbound Laden
%age unladen
0600
0700
0800
0900
1000
1100
1200 1300 1400 1500
Hour commencing
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
150
100%
Inbound Unladen
Inbound Laden
100
80%
60%
40%
%age unladen
50
20%
0%
0
0500
0600
0700
0800
0900
1000
1100
1200 1300 1400 1500
Hour commencing
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
Import Export Balance
 Significant imbalance in im/ex volume in WA: 50A%
loaded imports, 25% loaded exports
TEUs per week
Export Full
Import Full
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
Time of Day Accessing Terminals
(TEUs per Hour, DPW & Patrick Combined)
200
150
2011 100
50
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
200
150
2012 100
50
200
150
2013 100
50
-
North Fremantle
Total Off-Port
Two Way Loading - Patrick
Laden 2-way
Unladen
29%
36%
51%
Laden 1-way
58%
60%
58%
51%
36%
29%
29%
60%
29%
13%
13%
13%
13%
11%
11%
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
CMS August 2011
October 2012
March 2013
Two Way Loading - DPW
Laden 2-way
Laden 1-way
35%
Unladen
40%
53%
57%
57%
53%
40%
35%
50%
42%
42%
50%
8%
8%
7%
7%
8%
8%
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
CMS August 2011
October 2012
March 2013
Two Way Loading – Port Precinct
 Trucks per 18hr day
Unladen
Laden 1-way
Laden 2-way
 Theoretical two way maximum
capacity of 66% (when current
two way loading is combined
with laden inbound)
 However, balance of
imports/exports per carrier,
operating hours of ECPs, and
other factors may restrict this
27%
34%
34%
27%
39%
39%
Inbound
Outbound
August 2012
Improved TTT at Terminals
 Significant reductions in average TTT since 2010
 Greater ability for operators to move through facilities quickly
 Possible efficiencies gained from one-way movements rather than
coordinating Container Terminal & Empty Container Park bookings
Combined Quarterly Average Stevedoring
Truck Turn Time (mins)
Average TTT (mins)
38
36
34
32
30
28
26
24
22
20
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1
2008 2008 2008 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2011
Q2
2011
Q3
2011
Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2
2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2013 2013
Impact of Increase in 40’ Containers
Percentage of total
40%
Percentage of Trucks carrying various container configurations
30%
20%
10%
0%
Unladen
1 x 20'
2 x 20'
3 x 20'
1 x 40'
1 x 20' & 1 x 40'
2006
26%
17%
15%
2%
36%
4%
2007
28%
16%
14%
4%
33%
4%
2008
30%
15%
12%
3%
36%
4%
2009
27%
17%
12%
3%
37%
4%
2010
28%
15%
12%
3%
37%
5%
2011
29%
16%
10%
2%
38%
4%
2012
31%
17%
9%
2%
38%
4%
Issues and possible solutions
Influences on trucking
productivity
Mismatch of hours
• Container Parks
• Shippers
• Limited staging capacity
Possible responses
• Extend ECP hours
• Promote extended hours solutions with Industry
• More on and off-port staging facilities
VBS slot drop “Mad minute”
Modify VBS structure to enable more efficient
truck scheduling
Importance of cycle times
• Reduced TTT times and variability
• Incentives to maximise truck loads
Limited 2-way running
• Import/export imbalance a major limiting factor
• Incentives to maximise truck loads
Dual booking systems
• Investigate possible integration
Growth of 40’ boxes
•Consider incentives to maximise truck loads
• Higher capacity vehicles
Large number of carriers
•Consider changes to VBS if public benefit can be
confirmed
Questions?
Doug Brindal
Jennifer Hall
Manager Logistics
P: 9430 3515
E: doug.brindal@fremantleports.com.au
Senior Logistics Analyst
P: 9432 3662
E: jennifer.hall@fremantleports.com.au