Energy Efficiency: Load management
potential savings in the
telecommunications network in Africa
Author and Presenter;
Mohammed Adamu
Regional Power Expert Africa
Mohammed.Adamu@tigo.com.gh
+233277600206
Introduction
•Apart from CAPEX, generally OPEX cost driver on the telecom
network are five items;
•Three of them are direct Energy cost and one is indirect.
•The direct Energy cost elements is typically 50% - 60%
of total Network OPEX. The figure could be up to 79% in some
operations.
•Above 20% OPEX savings can be achieved with load
management.
• This act, in addition to savings, enable deficits in global energy,
Emission of CO2 and other green house gases.
Note: this presentation focus mainly on BTS sites. This is
because of the number of BTS site in a network. However similar
structured frame may be applied to the core sites.
MM/DD/YY
Network Quality
Page 2
A Typical BTS Site with Shelter (Plan)
DB
Tower
Equipm ent
Shelter
AC
Spare
FENCE
Gen2
Bulk Tank
ATS
Gen1
Load
Transform er
GATE
Public Supply
MM/DD/YY
Project Name
Page 3
Overview Five Network OPEX Driver
Main Network OPEX Driver
% age OPEX Annual Monthly YTD
Generators maintenance
18
Sites electricity
14
Sites fuel
29
Sites Security
9
Sites leases
14
Sum % of OPEX Driver
74
Quantitative Highlights of archive data Monthly YTDAVERAGE OPEX-Energy=
61%
AVERAGE OPEX-SITE FUEL = 29%
MM/DD/YY
Project Name
Page 4
A sample Model of Energy Efficiency Exercise
Review
Operations: Load
New
Technologies
Monitoring
Innovative in
operations
process and
system
architecture
Effective
Control
Design and system
Selection
Source Energy
Sink Energy (Load)
There are enormous savings potentials in OPEX
and CAPEX of the energy system of the present
telecommunications networks in Africa
MM/DD/YY
Project Name
Page 5
Economics of Network Energy
With a careful site energy model, the average;
Base energy/year/site estimate = 35,040 kWh
Energy for daily variable/year/site estimate = 2,920 kWh
Energy/year/site estimate = 37,960 kWh
Archive Annual operations total Energy estimate = 165 MWh
Monthly YTD-Archive Average cost of Energy per unit = 40 Cents
Monthly YTD- Worst offender Average cost of Energy per unit = 82 Cents
Page 6
Highlights of Focus
• Control and reduction of Energy demand in the operation
• Reduce resultant average cost of unit Energy on the network
• Cost appropriation and cost transfer in equipment selection and
system layout architecture
Page 7
Sample data on network Energy
CASE 1: UNDER UTILISATION
SITE NAME
Site Type
Total Capacity
Total Capacity %
Utilization %
Under-utilization. %
LG 2001
Indoor
11.5KVA
100
23.5
51.5
PH 2007
Outdoor
12.5 KVA
100
30
45
KN 2008
Indoor
Indoor
100
32.4
42.6
Page 8
Sample data on network Energy
CASE 2: IMBALANCE LOAD
3 PH Generator
L1
TOT PH CAP
OPT LDING PH CAP
SITE PH LOAD
Indoor
L2
L3
12.8
12.8
12.8
9.6
9.6
9.6
0
4
5
CASE 2: IMBALANCE LOAD
3 PH Generator
LG 2001
L1
PH 2006
Outdoor
L2
L3
TOT PH CAP
13.9
13.9
13.9
OPT LDING PH CAP
10.4
10.4
10.4
4.3
3.2
4
SITE PH LOAD
CASE 2: IMBALANCE LOAD
3 PH Generator
L1
KN 2008
Indoor
L2
L3
TOT PH CAP
17.8
17.8
17.8
OPT LDING PH CAP
13.3
13.3
13.3
7.2
4.5
5.6
SITE PH LOAD
Page 9
Sample data on network Energy
CASE 3: LOAD MANAGEMENT
SITE NAME
Site Type
TELCO LD (%)
Battery Charging (%)
Cooling (%)
Lights (%)
Others (%)
LG 2001
Indoor
27
13
37
14
9
PH 2006
Outdoor
23
30
4
34
8
KN 2008
Indoor
21
25
19
28
7
Page 10
THANK YOU