FEMALE SEXUALITY: A CLINICIAN POINT OF VIEW IHAB YOUNIS , M.D. The sex response cycle in females is different than that of males Unlike men, women have a lower biological urge to be sexual for release of tension No 44% Yes 56% Do men have a higher sex drive than women? %44 http://www.drlaurie.com/form1.html About 50% of women report having sexual thoughts less than once a month or never Bancroft J et al ,J Endocrinol ,186, 411-427,2005 Women’s motivation to have sex stems from a number of rewards that are not strictly sexual Bancroft J et al ,J Endocrinol ,186, 411-427,2005 Sexual arousal in women is a mental state that may NOT be accompanied by awareness of the vasocongestive changes in the genitalia & other areas Bancroft J et al ,J Endocrinol ,186, 411-427,2005 •A woman may sense no sexual desire per se •Her motivations:emotional intimacy & increasing her own well-being & self-image • Sometimes there is spontaneous desire If she is willing to become aroused and enjoy a sexual experience, she focuses on the sexual stimulation that her partner supplies If the stimulation is as she wishes, sufficient time is available & she can stay focused, her sexual excitement & pleasure intensify Sexual satisfaction:orgasm emotional reward Rosemary Basson, CMAJ , 10: 172 2005 Spectrum of women with sexual dysfunction Vict ems Big Pretenders Victims’ husbands are selfish, vicious and aragons Big pretenders are vicious , always find excuses not to have sex and are usually of low socioeconomic standard Tips while treating قال رسول هللا صلى هللا عليه و سلم: ام َرأَ َت ُه َج ْلدَ ا ْل َع ْب ِد َف َل َع َّل ُه ” َي ْع ِم ُد أَ َح ُد ُك ْم َف َي ْجلِ ُد ْ ضا ِج ُع َها ِمنْ آخ ِِر َي ْو ِم ِه ” ُي َ متفق عليه Husbands: clitoris is not a small penis Wives: Don’t give a wrong signal Husband and wife :search for the G-spot Originally known as the Grafenberg Spot, the G-Spot was named after the gynecologist Ernst Gräfenberg, who first described it in 1944 It is 2.5cm to 5cm inside the vagina on the front wall There are a number of different theories about what the G-spot or area actually is One view is that it is an area of prostatic tissue similar to the male prostate. The absence of the Y chromosome in the developing female fetus deposits the cells in a similar location Another expert agrees with the prostate theory but expands it to say that this is not the only reason for sensitivity. He points to the clitoris and the urethra as other sources of pleasure, both of which can be stimulated via the front wall of the vagina. Therefore there are a number of erogenous zones and we should stop seeking the elusive g-spot and instead rename it the ‘anterior wall erogenous complex’ A recent research has shown that stimulation of the G-spot area can increase pain threshold by up to 47%. If the stimulation is arousing, the pain threshold increases by up to 84% and a massive 107% on orgasm. So,this area may be a natural painkiller for childbirth http://www.bbc.co.uk/relationships/sex_and_sexual_health Testosterone • There is evidence that testosterone withdrawal and/or replacement can have effects on women’s sexualit • The evidence is inconsistent and sometimes contradictory • This is because sexuality of women is powerfully influenced by mood, energy and well-being as well as by other psychological mechanisms Bancroft J et al ,Journal of Endocrinology ,186, 411-427,2005 • Eight studies reported increased frequency of satisfying sexual activity and sexual desire after testosterone therapy in menopausal women • The most commonly reported side effects are greasy skin & hair,alopecia&hirsutism Arlt W.,Europ J Endocrinol,154: 1-11, 2006 No single androgen level is predictive of low female sexual function, and the majority of women with low DEAS levels did not have low sexual function Davis SR et al., JAMA, 6;294(1):91-6,2005 Bupropion-SR Zyban® • 29% of nondepressed females with hypoactive sexual desire disorder responded to treatment with bupropion SR Segraves RTet al, J Sex Marital Ther. 2001 May-Jun;27(3):303-16 • Bupropion SR led to an increase in libido & frequency of sexual activity compared with placebo in women suffering from SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction Clayton AH, J Clin Psychiatry,65(1):62-7, 2004 • There were significant improvements in desire, arousal, and orgasm in women who received 150 to 300 mg bupropion SR daily for 10 weeks Defronzo Dobkin R et al,J Clin Psychopharmacol. ,Feb; 26(1): 21-26, 2006 Bremelanotide • It is a melanocortin receptor agonist to be used for the treatment of both male and female sexual dysfunction • It is intranasally administered • Phase 1 safety studies indicated that Bremelanotide had an excellent safety profile • Phase 2 efficacy studies demonstrated positive safety and efficacy results in patients with ED • Phase 2B at-home efficacy study in males&females will be done to enable dose selection for Phase 3 studies http://www.palatin.com/aboutpalatin/overview.asp Thank you