Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
by Thuan-Tzen Koh, Anne Daly, William Howard, Chong Tan, and Andrew Hardidge
JBJS Reviews
Volume 2(7):e5
July 22, 2014
©2014 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
Photograph of the feet of a patient with complex regional pain syndrome of the right lower limb,
made approximately fifteen months after internal fixation of an ankle fracture and the onset of
complex regional pain syndrome.
Thuan-Tzen Koh et al. JBJS Reviews 2014;2:e5
©2014 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
Photographs of the hands of a patient with complex regional pain syndrome of the left upper
limb, made approximately nine months after a minor soft-tissue injury of the forearm.
Thuan-Tzen Koh et al. JBJS Reviews 2014;2:e5
©2014 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
Photograph of the left foot of a patient with complex regional pain syndrome, made
approximately fifteen years after the onset of complex regional pain syndrome, which was
refractory to a variety of intensive treatments.
Thuan-Tzen Koh et al. JBJS Reviews 2014;2:e5
©2014 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
Photographs illustrating mirror visual feedback of the upper and lower limbs.
Thuan-Tzen Koh et al. JBJS Reviews 2014;2:e5
©2014 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.