Slap Shot By Dave Tempke (Morgen, 2009) Introduction The slap shot is the most dynamic and complex shot that there is in the sport of hockey. In this presentation I will breakdown all of the movements, muscles, joints and bones involved in the slap shot. I will also be giving examples of common injuries attributed to the slap shot. Phases The slap shot can be broken down in to 3 distinct phases: The Preparatory phase The Wind Up phase The Impact & Follow Through phase The Preparatory Phase (Daniel, 2009) Movements of the Preparatory Phase Slight flexion of the knees and hips (Fitsugar, 2007) Abduction of the hip (University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics Authority, 2009) Movements of the Preparatory Phase Lumbar flexion (Thomson) Supination of the hand that is lower on the stick and phalangeal flexion (Elliot, 2006) Movements of the Preparatory Phase Elbow Flexion Dorsiflexion (Vanderheiden, 2008) (Missouri Hip and Knee Center, 2005) Muscles of the Preparatory Phase Knee Flexion: biceps femoris, popliteus, semimembranosus, semitendinosus (Cunningham, 2008) Muscles of the Preparatory Phase Hip Flexion: iliacus, psoas major and minor, rectus femoris, sartorius, pectineus, anterior fibers of gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae (Reid, 2009) Muscles of the Preparatory Phase Hip Abduction: sartorius, gluteus medius and minimus, tensor fasciae latae (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005) Muscles of the Preparatory Phase Lumbar Flexion: rectus abdominis, internal and external oblique abdominals (Unknown, 2009) Muscles of the Preparatory Phase Supination: Biceps brachii, supinator (TeachPE.com, 2010) (TeachPE.com, 2010) Muscles of the Preparatory Phase Phalangeal Flexion: flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus (Real Bodywork, 2009) Muscles of the Preparatory Phase Elbow Flexion: biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis (JDC, 2010) Muscles of the Preparatory Phase Dorsiflexion: peroneus tertius, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, tibialis anterior (Norman, 1999) Joints of the Preparatory Phase Lumbar Vertebrae Joints of the Preparatory Phase Tibiofemoral Joint Joints of the Preparatory Phase Hip Joint Joints of the Preparatory Phase Humeroulnar & Radioulnar Joints Joints of the Preparatory Phase Metacarpophlangeal Joints & Interphalangeal Joints of the Preparatory Phase Talocrural Joint Bones of the Preparatory Phase Joints Lumbar: pelvis, lumbar vertebrae Tibiofemoral: femur, tibia, fibula Hip Joint: Pelvis, femur Humeroulnar & Radiohumeral: scapula, humerus, radius, ulna Metacarpophalangeal & Interphalangeal: metacarpals and phalanges Talocrural: talus, distal tibia and fibula The Wind Up Phase (somegeekintn, 2009) Movements of the Wind Up Phase Lumbar Rotation towards rear leg Elevation of shoulder girdle of rear arm Horizontal Abduction of rear arm Cervical Flexion Muscles of the Wind Up Phase Lumbar Rotation: external oblique of opposite side, internal oblique of the same side (O'Rahilly, 2009) Muscles of the Wind Up Phase Elevation of shoulder girdle: rhomboids, upper and middle fibers of the trapezius, levator scapulae (Unknown) Muscles of the Wind Up Phase Horizontal Abduction: middle and posterior fibers of the deltoid, latissimus dorsi, infraspinatus, teres minor (Unknown, 2009) Muscles of the Wind Up Phase Cervical Flexion: Sternocleidomastoid (Swan, 2009) Joints of the Wind Up Phase Lumbar Vertebra/Pelvic Joint Joints of the Wind Up Phase Glenohumeral Joint Joints of the Wind Up Phase Sternoclavicular, Acromioclavicular, and Scapulothoracic Joints Joints of the Wind Up Phase Atlantooccipital, Atlantoaxial, and Cervical Vertebrae Joints Bones of the Wind Up Phase Lumbar vertebrae, pelvis/sacrum Glenohumeral: scapula, clavicle, humerus Shoulder Girdle: sternum, clavicle, scapula, thoracic vertebrae Atlas, axis, cervical vertebrae The Impact & Follow Through Phase (Unknown, 2009) (Unknown, 2009) The Movements of the Impact & Follow Through Phase Slight knee flexion of the front leg and full flexion of the rear knee (SportsMemorabilia.com, 2010) The Movements of the Impact & Follow Through Phase Lumbar rotation towards front leg (Action Physiotherapy & Sports Injury Centre, 2008) The Movements of the Impact & Follow Through Phase Adduction and depression of the rear arm on the stick (Sandford, 2008) The Movements of the Impact & Follow Through Phase Adduction of the scapula on the front arm (VHI, 1992) Muscles of the Impact & Follow Through Phase Knee flexion: biceps femoris, popliteus, semimembranosus, semitendinosus Lumbar rotation: External obliques of the opposite side, internal obliques of the same side Adduction of the arm: pectoralis major, subscapularis, latissimus dorsi, teres major Scapula adduction: rhomboids, middle and lower fibers of the trapezius Scapula depression: pectoralis minor, lower fibers of the trapezius Joints of the Impact & Follow Through Phase Tibiofemoral (Chai, 2005) Joints of the Impact & Follow Through Phase Lumbar Vertebrae (Carrier, 2007) Joints of the Impact & Follow Through Phase Glenohumeral (LaRusso, 2009) Joints of the Impact & Follow Through Phase Sternoclavicular Acromioclavicular Scapulothoracic (Art and Web Design) Bones of the Impact & Follow Through Phase Tibiofemoral: femur, tibia, fibula (Chai, 2005) Bones of the Impact & Follow Through Phase Lumbar Vertebrae and pelvis (Carrier, 2007) Bones of the Impact & Follow Through Phase Glenohumeral: scapula, clavicle, humerus, ribs (LaRusso, 2009) Bones of the Impact & Follow Through Phase Shoulder girdle: sternum, clavicle, scapula, cervical and thoracic vertebrae (Art and Web Design) Fastest Slap Shot The fastest slap shot ever recorded was clocked at 105.4 MPH by Zdeno Chara, Boston Bruins, at the 2009 All-Star game Skills Competition in Montreal, Quebec, Canada http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsr0YUVrB 5E Common Injuries While injuries do occur if a player is hit while shooting the puck, injuries are not that common. 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