Layout and Revision for Summer Test
• Short Questions
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Plate Tectonics
The Rock Cycle
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
Fold Mountains
• 3 Long Questions
– Physical Geography – Formation of rock type and landscape
– Regional Geography – Factors that influence
Primary/Secondary/Tertiary Activities in a Core/Peripheral Region
you have studied
– An Irish Core Region (GDA) –An Irish Peripheral Region (BMW)
– Sketch Map of a region you have studied
ms cummins
PLATE BOUNDARIES
EXAM PAPERS (LONG QUESTIONS – PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY) – 2007 QUESTION 1 PART B
“Plate boundaries are zones
where crust is both created
and destroyed”.
Examine the above statement,
with reference to examples
you have studied. (30 marks)
• Marking Scheme
• Name one example of each
boundary: 2 marks + 2 marks
• Discussion re creation/destruction:
7 (6) SRPs or 6 (7) SRPs
• KEY WORDS
• Crust created at divergent
plate boundaries
• Convection currents
• Magma cools and solidifies
• Crust destroyed at
converging plate boundaries
• Heavier plate subducts
(destructing plate)
• Trench marks point of subduction
• Volcanic landforms may be
created
• Fold mountains
Types of Plate Boundaries
Constructive Plate Boundary
(Divergent)
Destructive Plate Boundary
(Convergent)
Transverse/Transform Plate
Boundary (slide)
Divergent (Constructive) Plate Boundary – Plates separating
•
Crust is created at a Divergent (Constructive) Plate Boundary (2M)
•
These Boundaries occur where plates are pulled apart by convection currents below (2M)
•
The crust splits allowing magma to rise and fill the gap making new crust (2M)
•
Over millions of year repeated separations and eruptions have formed the ocean floors. (2M)
•
An example of a landform resulting from Sea Floor Spreading is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (2M)
•
The sub-merged Mountain Range stretches over 40,000 km from the North to the South Pole
(2M)
•
Iceland has formed where the Mid-Atlantic Ridge appears above the sea. (2M)
•
Iceland is getting wider due to the process of sea floor spreading. On one side of the country is
the North Atlantic Plate on the other side is the Eurasian Plate. (2M)
•
The crust is moving apart at a rate of 5cm a year. Working out at about 25km per million years.
(2M)
Divergent/Constructive Plate Boundary
Convergent (Destructive) Plate Boundaries – Crust Colliding
• At destructive Plate Boundaries plates crash
together and crust is destroyed. (2M)
• There are 3 situations where this can happen:
1. Oceanic and Continental Plates collide
2. Oceanic and Oceanic Plates Collide
3. Oceanic and Continental Plates Collide
(2M)
1. Oceanic and Continental Plates collide – Andes Mountains
• When an Oceanic Plate collides with a Continental Plate the heavier
oceanic plate is submerged under the Continental plate and is
destroyed. (2M)
• Sediments are sliced off from the sea floor of the Oceanic Plate as it
descends. These sediments create “terrains” of land which stick to
the continental plate, eventually building up to form fold
mountains. (2M)
• As the Oceanic plate slides under the Continental plate it melts and
is recycled into magma – sub-duction. (2M)
• The newly formed magma moves up through the continental crust
above creating volcanoes (2M)
• The Pacific ring of fire is named so because many active volcanoes
created at sub-duction zones mark the edge of the pacific plate
(example Mount Fuji) (2M)
The Andes Plate Boundary – Nasca Plate slides under South
American Plate
Oceanic – Oceanic example: The Marina Trench
Continental – Continental example: The Himalayas
Continental-Continental Convergence
Complete the following Revision Questions on Physical
Geography:
• Chapter 1 - Plate Tectonics – Revision
Questions – 4, 6, 8, 10,12, 13, 14
• Chapter 2 – Earthquakes – Short Questions, 9,
10, 11, 12 – Long Questions, 13, 14
• Chapter 3 – Volcanoes – Short Question 9Long Questions, 10/13 and 14