Horse
Classification
The Horse is a single-hooved (ungulate) mammal belonging to the
taxonomic family Equidae. The horse has evolved over the past 45
to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature into the large,
single-toed animal of today. Horses in the subspecies caballus are
domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in
the wild as feral horses. These feral populations are not true wild
horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never
been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski’s Horse, a
separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse.
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Mammalia
Subclass:
Theria
Infraclass:
Eutheria
Order: Perissodactyla
Family:
Equidae
Genus:
Equus
Species:
E. ferus
Subspecies: E. f. caballus
The horses' anatomy enables them to make use of speed to escape predators and they have a welldeveloped sense of balance and a strong fight or flight instinct. Related to this need to flee from
predators in the wild is an unusual trait: horses are able to sleep both standing up and lying down.
gestation lasts for approximately 335–340 days and usually results in one foal, twins are rare in
horses. Horses are a precocial species, and foals are capable of standing and running within a short
time following birth.
Horses are herbivores with a digestive system adapted to a forage diet of grasses and other plant
material, consumed steadily throughout the day. Therefore they have a relatively small stomach but
very long intestines to facilitate a steady flow of nutrients.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse
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Skeleton
of pelvis
and
hindlimb
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1. Coxal tuber of ilium (point of haunch)
2. Wing of ilium
3. Sacral tuber of ilium (point of croup)
4. Ilium of pelvic bone
5. Greater ischiatic notch in dorsal border of ilium of pelvic bone (converted into a
greater ischiatic foramen by sacrosciatic ligament)
6. Ischiatic spine
7. Lesser ischiatic notch in dorsal border of ischium of pelvic bone (converted into a
lesser ischiatic foramen by sacrosciatic ligament)
8. Ischium of pelvic bone
9. Ischiatic tuber (point of buttock or seat bone)
10. Obturator foramen (Normally blocked my obturaor foramen)
11. Hip joint
12. Pecten of pubic bone
13. Pubis of pelvic bone
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1. Supf. Inguinal ring
2. Wing of ilium
3. Muscular lacuna
4. Greater ischial notch
5. Ischial spine
6. Body of iscium
7. Ischial tuber
8. Tabula of ischium
9. Pelvic symphysis
10. Pecten
11. Groove for
obturator n. and vessles
12. Psoas minor
tubercle
13. Arcuate line
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Coxal tuber
Iliac crest
Wing of ilium
Sacral tuber
Sacropelvic surface
Body of ilium and ventral caudl iliac spine
7. Psoas line
8. Arcuate line
9. Pelvic symphysis
10. Body of ischium
11. Ischial tuber
12. Ischial arch
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12.
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3.
1.
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1.
Tabula of ischium
2.
Ischial tuber
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Body of ischium
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Coxal tuber
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Wing of ilium
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Sacropelvic surface
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Aurciular surface
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Acetabulum
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Obturator foramen
10. Pelvic symphysis
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