BIODIVERSITY OF KYRGYZSTAN
AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE
SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
• Dr. Taasilkan
Zhumabaeva
• 1st Winter Summit
at the Anatolian
Summit (WISAS)
• “Collaborative
Projects on
Tourism, Sports,
Bio-Diversity and
Global Changes”,
Febrary 2326,2012,
Erzurum/Turkye
BIODIVERSITY
OF KYRGYZSTAN
• -It is known, that, 93% of the
territory of Kyrgyz Republic is
presented by non-disturbed and
lightly disturbed natural ecosystems.
-Kyrgyz scientists pointed out
22 class of eco-system. The
biodiversity majority of ecosystem is located on midmountainous zone between
2000-3000 m. above sea level,
where can be met 14 among 22
class of eco-system, or 63,6% of
territory.
Territory, occpied by main types of naturel
eco-system (percent of total territory)
Cultural lands
18,1
Tugai
5,8
Bushes
6,2
Meadows
1,4
Steppe
3,4
Savannoids
1,4
Deserts
0,2
Mountainous nonwatered area
1,7
Lakes and marshes
5,8
Nivale –sub-nivale
zone
19, 9
Forests
6,6
BIODIVERSITY
OF KYRGYZSTAN
(Alay, Noth Tyanshan)
BIODIVERSITY
OF KYRGYZSTAN (Alay,
Noth Tyanshan)
BIODIVERSITY
OF KYRGYZSTAN
(Central Tyanshan,
Issyk-kyl)
•
The mountain Pamir -Alay
BIODIVERSITY
OF KYRGYZSTAN
• The Lake Issyk-Kul
BIODIVERSITY
OF KYRGYZSTAN
•
Nut of the greek
the most beautiful lake in the west
of Kyrgyzstan is considered to be the ...
BIODIVERSITY
OF KYRGYZSTAN
Quantity of types in different
systematic groups (percent of total territory)
8,9
2,5
17,6
Non-vertebrates
54,1
Mus hrooms
Highes t plants
V ertebrates
L owes t plants
16,9
Percent of total amount
Non-vertebrates
54,1
Mushrooms
16,9
Highest plants
17,6
Vertebrates
2,5
Lowest plants
8,9
Among mammals to endemic types belong Menzbira ground
squirrel, reluctant gopher, red Tyanshan and silver mice, red
crying bird.
Tyanshan and Pamir- Alai endemics are presented by 4 types
of reptiles: Nicolsky lizard, Turkestan lizard, Pavlovsky lizard
and Alai eyeless.
BIODIVERSITY
OF KYRGYZSTAN
• Lizard (Серый варан)
• The wildlife found in Kyrgyzstan
• is also rich and diverse.
92 types of animals and 65 plants types, which form about
1% of varietal wealth of Kyrgyzstan under the risk of
disappearance
•
Reservations and national parks of
Kyrgyzstan
The reservation of the Sarychelek
The reservation of the Sarychelek
The reservation of the Sarychelek
The national park of the Kulun-Ata
The reservation of the Besh-Aral
BIODIVERSITY
OF KYRGYZSTAN
The red book of the Kyrgyzstan
The red book of
the Kyrgyzstan
• Otocolobus manul ferruginea —
At present into the Red Book of Kyrgyzstan
there are included 68 animal types and 71
plant types
• Endemics of the flores Kyrgyzstan
•
Kolokolchik
Kolokolchik Ebgeni
Alaya
Rhaponticum-endemic
Filomoidos milko
Flora of the
Kyrgyzstan
Fumariola turkestanica
Flora of the Kyrgyzstan
Economic activity- including of biodiversity
into macro-economic points of the country,
potential economic benefits from biovariety, in itself, direct
(medicine and raw material, materials for
selection and formation) and additional
(echo-tourism), as well, as expensesrestoration of damaged biodiversity.
Manage mental – formation of partnership
by involvement into cooperative activity of
state and non-governmental offices, local
population and the whole public.
Juridical(Law) – including of terms and
definitions, connected with biodiversity
into all corresponding legislative
norms, formation of legal support of
biodiversity.
Scientific – formalization of procedures
of solution adoption, search for
indicators of biodiversity, make up
biodiversitial cadastres, monitoring
organization.
Three-united concept of
sustainable development appeared
as a result of union of three main
points of view:
• economic
• social
• ecological
• From the economic point of view: optimal use of
natural resources;
• the use of ecological, natural, energetic and materialsaving technologies, including mining and raw
material recycling, formation of ecological accepted
products, minimization of wastes, their recycling and
destroy.
• There appeared two types of stability:
• weak, when mentioning about not-decreasing in
time of natural and produced capital;
• strong - when there should not be decreased
natural capital (within a part of profit from sales of
not renovated resources, directed on the increase of
value of renewed natural capital).
Social basis of sustainable development is
oriented on human and directed on preservation of
stability of social and cultural systems, including
reduce of the number of distracting conflicts
between people. To achieve stability of development
of modern society there is a necessity of the
formation of more effective system of solution
adoption, considering the historical experience and
encouraging pluralism. It is important to reach not
only inner, but intergenerational fairness.
Within the concept visions, human development is
not only the object, but a subject of the
development. Based on widening of variants of
human choice, as a main value, the concept of
sustainable development considers, that human
should participate in the process, which forms
sphere of his life activity, contributes to accept and
realize solutions and controls its realization.
From ecological point of view, steady
development should supply intact biological and
physical natural system. Special significance has life
capability of echo-systems, from which depends
global stability of the whole bio-sphere. More over,
the definition of “natural” system and areas of
inhabitance can be understood widely, including
formed man made sphere, such as cities.
Basic attention should be devoted to preservation of
the ability to self-restoration and dynamic
adaptation of such systems to changes, but nonpreservation of them only in “ideal” static condition.
Degradation of and the loss of biological diversity
shorten the ability of ecological systems to selfrestoration
Sky mountainouse of the Kyrgyzstan
•
Pick Khan Tengry (пик Хан- Тенгри (7110 м)
Expedition to Tian-Shan
(2010)
Expedition to Tian-Shan (1966)
Sky mountainouse of the Kyrgyzstan
Pick Lenina (пик Ленина (7134)
Pick Lenina in night (пик Ленина (7134)
Sky mountainouse of the Kyrgyzstan
Biodiversity of the Kyrgyzstan
Biodiversity of the
Kyrgyzstan
Sky mountainouse of the Kyrgyzstan
Sky mountainouse of the Kyrgyzstan
• Tien Shan mountains Ala-Archa canyon
Ancient forests
Dolon pass, Kyrgyzstan
Welcome to
Kyrgyzstan!
Thank you for
attention