Waste Management
The overall objective of this module is
that participants will show awareness of
waste management and transportation
requirements
Overview
• General principles for safe
acceptance of household hazardous
and/or CESQG waste from the public,
which includes: receiving, sorting,
storing, marking/labeling, packing,
transporting, and final disposal of
waste
• Understand the DOT, CFR, and UN
transportation requirements
Expectations
• List the seven steps in the waste
management process
• List the main classes of hazardous
materials and how they should be
sorted and stored
• Identify the proper selection,
marking/labeling, and handling of
containers of hazardous waste
7 Steps in Waste
Management Process
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Collecting Wastes
Sorting
Storing
Marking/Labeling
Packing
Transporting
Final Disposal
Collecting Wastes
• Minimum standards
– Customer restrictions
– Waste restrictions
– Container restrictions
– Contents identified
– Compatibilities of waste
– Restricted areas
Collecting Wastes
• Guidelines
– Load Inspection
– Unloading
Collecting Wastes
• Inspection
– Visually inspect the containers before
removing to ensure integrity
– Note unusual circumstances such as large
volumes or items not likely to be household
waste
Collecting Wastes
• Identifying and Dealing with
Exceptions
– Commercial wastes
– Universal waste
– Waste oil drums and oil filters
– Open and leaking containers
– Unlabeled / unknown items
– Waste left outside of facility
– Waste from farms
Collecting Wastes
• Identifying and Dealing with
Exceptions
– Infectious waste
– Ammunition and explosives
– Bombs / Unknown Packages
– Critically unstable chemicals
– Asbestos
– Nonhazardous waste
Suspected Commercial
Wastes
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Brought in a commercial vehicle
Large amounts of the same item
Items not normally for residential use
Product of a business; home
business
Collecting Wastes
• Universal Wastes
– Considerations for managing UW under
UWR standards
• Whether state has adopted UWR and
additional waste added to UW list
• Whether want to receive commercial UW
• What quantity of UW you will receive and
manage
Collecting Wastes
• Universal Wastes
– Batteries
– Mercury thermostats
– Pesticides
Collecting Wastes
• Waste Reuse/ Exchange
– Inspect containers for
integrity and contents
– No reuse
• Recalled, canceled or
suspended material
• Material in containers which
are damaged, rusted or
labels are unreadable
Sorting
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Preliminary sorting
Waste oil
Testing waste oil for contamination
Flames test
Commercial test kits
Bulking waste oil
Pumping waste oil from barrels
Sorting
• Preliminary Sorting
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Aerosols
Antifreeze
Car batteries
Unknown waste
Waste oil
Testing waste oil for
contamination
– Flame test
– Commercial test kits
Classification Process
• Read the labels
• Clues
– Plastic or plastic-lined containers -used for acids or
bases
– Exotic metals - extremely dangerous
– Single-walled containers - inert gas surrounding
reactive, flammable or explosive material
– Seal - reactive chemical or one which can not be
exposed to air, water, or other chemicals
– Cohesive solid in a liquid - material reactive with air or
water
– “Forbidden” - No transportation unless has been
diluted, stabilized or incorporated into a device
Classification Process
• Color-coded labels and caps
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green - ammonium hydroxide
brown - acetic acid
red - nitric acid
yellow - sulfuric acid
blue - hydrochloric acid
black - perchloric acid
Sorting
• Nine DOT hazard classes
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Explosives
Gases
Flammable liquids
Flammable solids
Oxidizers
Poisons
Radioactive
Corrosives
Class 9
Sorting
• Precedence of Hazard
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Radioactive
Poisonous gases
Flammable gases
Nonflammable gases
Poisonous liquids
Pyrophoric material
Self-reactive material
Sorting
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Class 3- Flammable liquids
Class 8- Corrosive materials
Division 4.1- Flammable solids
Division 4.2- Spontaneously combustible
materials
Division 4.3- Dangerous when wet materials
Division 5.1- Oxidizers
Division 6.1- Poisonous materials
Combustible liquids
Miscellaneous hazardous materials
Storing
• Proper labeling on storage
cabinet, containers
• Compatibilities
• Check reactivity within Hazard
Classes
Marking/Labeling
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Proper Shipping Name (PSN)
Selecting a Package
Drum Preparation
Marking
Labels
State Hazardous Waste Stickers
Drum ID Number
Proper Shipping Name (PSN)
• Priority for selection:
– Chemical Name, e.g., “Methyl Alcohol”
– Generic Name (Chemical Family), e.g.,
“Alcohol’s, n.o.s.”
– End Use of Material, e.g., “Paint Related
Materials”
– The n.o.s. End Use, e.g., “Dyes, Liquid, n.o.s.”
– DOT Class of Hazard, e.g., “Flammable
Liquids, n.o.s.”
Selecting a Package
• Package must meet design and
performance standards“performance-based packaging”
• Limited quantity (LMTD QTY)
Drum Preparation
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New or reconditioned and acceptable to DOT
Empty
Cover, securing ring and / or bung and gaskets
Drums used for lab packs must be lined with a
6 ml polyethylene liner
• Drums with liquids inside containers must be
marked on two opposite vertical sides of the
package with the arrows pointing in the correct
upright direction
• Marked on 2 sides - This side up
Marking
• Proper shipping name
• ID number
• Address of the shipper or
recipient
• English
• Durable
• Of contrasting color with
background
• Away from other markings
• Easy to see
Labels
• Diamond shaped
• Indicate the hazard class and
division of a material
• Placed near proper shipping name
and ID#s
State Hazardous Waste
Stickers
• “Accumulation Start Date”
• “Hazard Class”
• “Hazardous Waste” - upper one-third
of the drum
• Labels on two sides (upper third) and
the top of the drum
Drum ID Number
• Assign a serial number
Packing
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Lab Pack
Incompatible material
Drum inventory
Loose Pack
Consolidation
Packing
• Lab pack
– Extensive training
– Nonleaking containers
– Compatible with waste it is holding
– Appropriately placed in the lab pack
protecting them from breakage, rupture or
leaks
Packing
• Incompatible Material
– Nitric acid should not be placed in a drum with acetic
acid
– Cyanides and sulfides should never be placed with
acids
– Acids and bases should not be packed in the same
drum
– Ammonia solutions should never be packed with
bleach
– Oxidizers should not be placed with flammables or
corrosives
Packing
• Drum Inventory
– Inventory sheets
• Trade name or major chemical
ingredient
• List liquids by volume
• List solids by weight
Packing
• Loose Pack
– Packed for short-term transport
– Aerosols packed without absorbents
– Nonleaking and tightly sealed containers
– Leaking and damaged containers - Placed
in a nonleaking container
Packing
• Consolidation
– Oil-Based Paint for Energy Recovery
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Flammable liquid label
Hazardous waste sticker
Grounding
Secure to structure
Packing
• Consolidation
– Pesticides
• Same generic name and chemical constituents
• Appropriate personal protective equipment
• Containers emptied and disposed of properly
Transporting
• Shipping papers
• Emergency response
information
• Emergency response
guidebook (1996)
• Placards
• Loading, moving, and
Shipping Papers
• Shipper and receiver identification
– Package type and count
– Hazard material description (proper shipping
name, hazard class, ID number, other
information)
– Total quantity
– Emergency response information
– Shipper’s certification
– Signature
Emergency Response
Information
• 24-hr contact number operated by
knowledgeable person
• Description and technical name of
the hazardous material
• Immediate hazards to health
• Risks of fire or explosion
Emergency Response
Information
• Immediate precautions to be taken in
the event of an accident or incident
• Immediate methods for handling fires
• Initial methods for handling spill or
leaks in the absence of fire
• Preliminary first aid measures
Emergency Response
Information
• Review Emergency Response
Guidebook
• Familiarize yourself with your
facilities emergency procedures
• Emergency Management process
Placards
• Large 12” diamond shape
• Contain
– Hazard class or division
number
– Placard name
– Placard design section
references
• Placed on all four sides of
transport vehicle
Loading, Moving and
Unloading
• Responsibility of the carrier
• Segregation and separation
Training
• Refresher every two years
• Increases awareness of safety
considerations
Final Disposal
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Registered Transporter
Know where your waste is going
Recycling/TSD Facility
Evaluate disposal facility
Monitoring
• Maintenance
• Inspections
Maintenance
• Drums
– Kept closed during storage except when items
are added
– Maintain empty space to ensure unobstructed
movement
– Label waste-containing drums
– Empty drums must be label free
– Good housekeeping
– Routine inspection checklists
Inspections
• Daily inspection of containers in the
facility
– Leakage or damage
– Liquid around base of drum
– Signs of rust or corrosion around base, top seal or
bung of drum
– Bulges or depressions
– Leaks or spills of hazardous materials
• Weekly inspection of facility by
supervisor
Safety
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Proper hygiene
Safety meetings
Security
Visitors
Proper Hygiene
• Protective should be removed:
– Prior to taking breaks
– Entering the office area
– Leaving the sites
• Remove gloves last
Proper Hygiene
• Wash hands before:
– Eating
– Drinking
– Smoking
– Using the restroom
Safety Meetings
• Monthly
• Provide:
– Results of the inspections
– Review hazards identified
– Answer safety-related questions from
workers
Security
• Inform visitors of hazards and egress
routes
• Preapprove tours
• No tours during bulking, packing,
testing
• Use needed PPE