HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Chapter
Eight Step Process: An Overview
4
The Eight
Step Process:
An Overview
Textbook Page
129
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Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Objectives
•
Describe The Eight Step Process And Its
Application As A Tactical Incident Management
Tool For Managing On-scene Operations At A
Hazardous Materials Incident.
•
Describe The Critical Success Factors In
Managing The First Hour Of A Hazardous
Materials Incident.
Chapter 4 - 2
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Introduction
• On-scene Response Operations Must Always Be
Based On A Structured And Standardized System
Of Protocols And Procedures.
• A Reliance On Standardized Procedures Will Bring
Consistency To The Tactical Operation.
• The Eight Step Process Is Widely Used Throughout
The Country By Public And Private Sector
Hazardous Materials Response Teams For The
Tactical Management Of Hazardous Materials
Emergencies.
Chapter 4 - 3
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Making The Transition
• Experience Has Shown That The Critical Success
Factors In The First Hour Of A Hazmat Response
Will Typically Be:
• The Ability Of Responders To Recognize “Clues” That The
Incident May Involve Hazardous Materials
• The Ability Of Responders To Quickly Gain Control Of The
Incident Scene And Separate Responders From The
Problem
• The Ability To Establish Command And Control In A Timely
Manner.
Chapter 4 - 4
© Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005
HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Making The Transition
• Basic Considerations During The Alerting And
Response Phase Include The Following:
• Where Is The Location Of The Incident?
• Is The Incident At A Target Occupancy Or Target Hazard Event?
• Is There A Pre-incident Plan For The Location?
Are Hazmats Involved?
• Are Hazmats Found At The Location?
• Are There Reports Of Any Unusual Odors? Explosions?
Hazardous Materials?
• Are Any Injuries Or Casualties Involved?
• Are Initial Responders Down?
Chapter 4 - 5
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
The Eight Step Process©
• The Eight Step Process Outlines The Basic Tactical
Functions To Be Evaluated And Implemented At
Incidents Involving Hazardous Materials.
• Like All SOPs, The Eight Step Process Should Be
Viewed As A Flexible Guideline And Not As A Rigid
Rule.
• The Eight Step Process Provides A Flexible
Management System That Expands As The Scope
And Magnitude Of The Incident Grows.
131
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
The Eight Step Process©
• These Eight Functions Typically Follow An Implementation
Timeline At The Incident.
• The Elements Are:
• Site Management And Control
• Identify The Problem
• Hazard And Risk Evaluation
• Select Personal Protective Clothing And Equipment
• Information Management And Resource Coordination
• Implement Response Objectives
• DECON And Clean-up Operations
• Terminate The Incident
Chapter 4 - 7
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 1: Site Management And Control
Function:
• Site Management And Control Involves Managing And
Securing The Physical Layout Of The Incident.
• Site Management And Control Is A Critical Benchmark In
The Overall Success Of The Response.
Goal:
• Site Management And Control Establishes The Playing
Field So That All Subsequent Response Operations Can
Be Implemented Both Safety And Effectively.
Chapter 4 - 8
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 1: Site Management And Control
Checklist:
 During The Approach To The Incident Scene, Avoid
Committing Or Positioning Personnel And Units In A
Hazardous Position.
Caution: Emergency Responders Must Be Aware That
Certain Chemical Releases May Travel Throughout The
Scene And Impact Response Routes
 Establish Command Of The Incident And Establish An
Incident Command Post (ICP)
 Establish A Staging Area.
 Establish An Isolation Perimeter.
Chapter 4 - 9
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 1: Site Management And Control
Checklist:
 Establish A Hot Zone Or Inner Perimeter As The “Playing
Field.”
 Do Not Attempt To Enter The Area Unless Having The
Appropriate Level Of Respiratory And Skin Protection,
Based On The Hazards Present.
 If Personal Contamination Is Suspected, Isolate All
Personnel Until Emergency DECON Can Be Established.
Chapter 4 - 10
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 1: Site Management And Control
STREET SMART TIPS:
• Site Management Establishes The Playing Field For The
Players (Responders).
• The Initial 10 Minutes Of The Incident Will Determine
Operations For The Next 60 Minutes
• First 60 Minutes Will Determine Operations For The First 8
Hours.
• Don’t Try To Control More Real Estate Than You Can
Effectively Isolate And Control.
Chapter 4 - 11
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 1: Site Management And Control
STREET SMART TIPS:
• Designate An Emergency Evacuation Signal And Identify
Evacuation Rally Points
• Remember The First Law Of Hot Zone Operations
• Be Trained To Play
• Be Dressed To Play
• Have A Buddy System With Backup Personnel (Minimum Of
2 In/2 Out)
• Have DECON Established
• Coordinate With Command And Safety
Chapter 4 - 12
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 2: Identify The Problem
Function:
• Identify The Scope And Nature Of The Problem.
• This Includes:
•
•
•
•
•
Recognition
Identification
Verification Of The Hazardous Materials
Type Of Container
Exposures
Goal:
• To Identify The Scope And Nature Of The Problem, Including The
Type And Nature Of Hazardous Materials Involved.
Chapter 4 - 13
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 2: Identify The Problem
Checklist:
 Survey The Incident—identify The Nature And Severity Of
The Immediate Problem.
 Clues For Determining The Identity Of The Materials
Involved Include:
 Occupancy And Location
 Container Shapes
 Markings And Colors
 Placards And Labels
 Shipping Papers Or Facility Documents
 Monitoring And Detection Equipment
 Senses
Chapter 4 - 14
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 2: Identify The Problem
Checklist:
 Factors To Consider In Assessing The Type Of Container:
 Bulk Versus Non-bulk
 Pressurized Versus Non-pressurized
 Number Of Compartments
Material(s) Of Construction
 Pressure Relief Devices
 Conduct Offensive Or Defensive Reconnaissance.
Chapter 4 - 15
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 2: Identify The Problem
Street Smart Tips:
•
•
•
•
A Problem Well Defined Is Half Solved.
Assume That Initial Information Is Not Correct.
Always Verify Your Initial Information. Verify, Verify, Verify.
Conduct Recon Operations, As Necessary.
• Defensive Recon
• Offensive Recon
• Be Alert For The Presence Of Improvised Explosive
Devices (IED) And Secondary Events.
Chapter 4 - 16
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 2: Identify The Problem
Street Smart Tips:
• IED Clues Can Include:
• Abandoned Container Out Of Place For The Surroundings
• Obvious Explosive Device Components, Such As Batteries,
Timers, Blasting Caps, Charges
• Partially Exploded Devices Found
• Unusual Or Foreign Devices Attached To Hazmat Containers
• Unattended Vehicles Not Appropriate To The Immediate
Environment
Chapter 4 - 17
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 3: Hazard And Risk Evaluation
Function:
• This Is The Most Critical Function That Public Safety
Personnel Perform. The Primary Objective Of The Risk
Evaluation Process Is To Determine Whether Or Not
Responders Should Intervene, And What Strategic
Objectives And Tactical Options Should Be Pursued To
Control The Problem.
Goal:
• To Assess The Hazards Present, Evaluate The Level Of
Risk, And Establish An Incident Action Plan (IAP) To Make
The Problem Go Away.
Chapter 4 - 18
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 3: Hazard And Risk Evaluation
Checklist:
 Assess The Hazards Posed By The Problem (Health,
Physical, Chemical, Weapons, Other).
Collect, Prioritize.
 Manage Hazard Data And Information From All Sources.
 Technical Reference Manuals
 Technical Information Sources
 Hazmat Databases
 Technical Information Specialists
 MSDS
 Monitoring And Detection Equipment
Chapter 4 - 19
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MATERIALS
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Managing The Incident
Step 3: Hazard And Risk Evaluation
Checklist:
 Primary Technical Information Centers Include:
 CHEMTREC — (800) 924-9300
 National Response Center (NRC)
 State Single Point Of Contact
 Product Or Container Specialists
 Regional Poison Control Centers
 Air Monitoring and The General Hazmat Behavior Model Are Critical
In Implementing A “Risk-based Response.”
 Stress
 Breach
 Release
 Engulf
 Impingement
 Harm
Chapter 4 - 20
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Managing The Incident
Step 3: Hazard And Risk Evaluation
CHECKLIST:
 Based On The Risk Evaluation Process, Develop Your
Incident Action Plan (IAP).
 Offensive Tactics — Require Responders To Control/Mitigate
The Emergency From Within/Inside The Area Of High Risk.
 Defensive Tactics — Permit Responders To Control/Mitigate
The Emergency Remote From The Area Of Highest Risk.
 Non-intervention Tactics — Pursuing A Passive Attack
Posture Until The Arrival Of Additional Personnel Or
Equipment, Or Allowing The Fire To Burn Itself Out.
Chapter 4 - 21
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Strategy Vs. Mode
136
Chapter 4 - 22
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 3: Hazard And Risk Evaluation
Street Smart Tips:
• Focus On Those Things That You Can Change And That
Will Make A Positive Difference To The Outcome.
• Every Incident Will Arrive At Some Outcome, With Or
Without Your Help.
• There’s Nothing Wrong With Taking A Risk.
• Pubic Safety Personnel Should View Their Roles As That
Of Risk Evaluators, Rather Than Risk Takers.
Chapter 4 - 23
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MATERIALS
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Managing The Incident
Step 3: Hazard And Risk Evaluation Street
Street Smart Tips:
• Hour 1 Priorities Within The IAP Are As Follows:
• Establish Site Management And Control.
• Determine The Materials/Agents Involved.
• Ensure The Safety Of All Personnel From All Hazards.
• Ensure That PPE Is Appropriate For The Hazards.
• Initiate Tactical Objectives To Accomplish Initial Rescue,
DECON, Medical, And Public Protective Action Needs.
• If Criminal Activities Are Involved (E.G., Terrorism Incidents),
Maintain The Integrity Of Potential Evidence.
Chapter 4 - 24
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MATERIALS
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Managing The Incident
Step 4: Select Protective Clothing And Equipment
Function:
• Based On The Results Of The Hazard And Risk Assessment
Process, Emergency Response Personnel Will Select The
Proper Level Of Personal Protective Clothing And Equipment.
• Two Primary Types Of Personal Protective Clothing Are
Commonly Used At Hazmat Incidents:
• Structural Firefighting Protective Clothing
• Chemical Protective Clothing
Goal:
• To Ensure That All Emergency Response Personnel Have
The Appropriate Level Of Personal Protective Clothing And
Equipment For The Expected Tasks.
Chapter 4 - 25
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 4: Select Protective Clothing And Equipment
Checklist:
 The Selection Of Personal Protective Clothing Will Depend On
The Hazards And Properties Of The Materials Involved And The
Response Objectives To Be Implemented:
 In Evaluating The Use Of Specialized Protective Clothing, The
Following Factors Must Be Considered:
 The Hazard To Be Encountered
 Including The Specific Tasks To Be Performed
 The Level And Type Of Specialized Protective Clothing To Be
Utilized
 The Capabilities Of The Individual(s) Who Will Use The PPE
 Remember—specialized Protective Clothing Places A Great Deal Of
Both Physiological And Psychological Stress On An Individual.
Chapter 4 - 26
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 4: Select Protective Clothing And Equipment
Checklist:
 The Following Levels Of Personal Protective Clothing Are
Typically Utilized By Emergency Responders At Hazmat
Incidents, As Appropriate:
 Structural Firefighting Clothing
 Chemical Vapor Protective Clothing
 Chemical Splash Protective Clothing
 Ensure That All Emergency Response Personnel Are
Using The Proper Protective Clothing And Equipment.
 Order Additional Personnel And Other Specialized
Equipment And Expertise Early In The Incident.
Chapter 4 - 27
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 4: Select Protective Clothing And Equipment
Street Smart Tips:
 Remember That Structural Firefighting Protective Clothing
Is Not Designed To Provide Protection Against Chemical
Hazards.
 There Is No One Single Barrier That Will Effectively
Combine Both Chemical And Thermal Protection.
 Wearing Any Type And Level Of Impermeable Protective
Clothing Creates The Potential For Heat Stress Injuries.
 Personal Protective Clothing Is Your Last Line Of Defense!
Chapter 4 - 28
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 5: Information Management And
Resource Coordination
Function:
•
•
Refers To Proper Management, Coordination, And
Dissemination Of All Pertinent Data And Information
Within The ICS In Effect At The Scene.
Of Particular Importance Is The Ability To Determine The
Incident Factors Involved, Which Functions Of The Eight
Step Process Have Been Completed.
Goal:
•
To Provide For The Timely And Effective Management,
Coordination, And Dissemination Of All Pertinent Data,
Information, And Resources Between All Of The Players.
Chapter 4 - 29
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 5: Information Management And
Resource Coordination
Checklist:
 Confirm That The ICP Is In A Safe Area.
 Note: Personnel Not Directly Involved In The Overall
Command And Control Of The Incident Should Be Removed
From The ICP Area.
 Confirm That A Unified Command Organization Is In Place.
 Expand The ICS And Create Additional Branches,
Divisions, Or Groups, As Necessary.
 Ensure That All Appropriate Internal And External
Notifications Have Been Made.
Chapter 4 - 30
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 5: Information Management And
Resource Coordination
Checklist:
 Confirm Emergency Orders And Follow Through To
Ensure That They Are Fully Understood And Correctly
Implemented.
 Make Sure That There Is Continuing Progress Toward
Solving The Emergency In A Timely Manner.
 If Activated, Provide Regular Updates To The Local
Emergency Operations Center (EOC).
Chapter 4 - 31
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 5: Information Management And
Resource Coordination
Street Smart Tips:
• Consider The Security Of The ICP And All Other Incident
Response Areas.
• Don’t Look Stupid Because You Didn’t Have A Plan.
• Bad News Doesn’t Get Better With Time.
• Don’t Allow External Resources To “Freelance” Or Do The
“End Run.”
• Don’t Let Your Lack Of A Planning Section Become The
Achilles Heel Of Your Response.
• Establish It Early, Particularly In A “Campaign Event.”
• Play Nice Together!
Chapter 4 - 32
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 6: Implement Response Objectives
Function:
• The Phase Where Responders Implement The Best
Available Strategic Goals And Tactical Objectives, Which
Will Produce The Most Favorable Outcome.
• If The Incident Is In The Emergency Phase, This Is Where
We “Make The Problem Go Away.”
• Common Strategies To Protect People And Stabilize The
Problem Include:
• Rescue
•
•
•
•
Public Protective Actions
Spill Control, Leak Control
Fire Control
Recovery Operations
Chapter 4 - 33
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 6: Implement Response Objectives
Function:
• If The Incident Is In The Post Emergency Response Phase,
The Focus Of Response Personnel Will Likely Become:
• Scene Safety
• Clean-up
• Evidence Preservation (As Appropriate)
• Incident Investigation.
Goal:
• To Ensure That The Incident Priorities (I.E., Rescue, Incident
Stabilization, Environmental And Property Protection) Are
Accomplished In A Safe, Timely, And Effective Manner.
Chapter 4 - 34
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 6: Implement Response Objectives
Checklist:
 Implement Response Objectives.
 Offensive Tactics — Require Responders To Control/Mitigate
The Emergency From Within/Inside The Area Of High Risk.
 Defensive Tactics — Permits Responders To Control/Mitigate
The Emergency Remote From The Area Of Highest Risk.
 Nonintervention Tactics — Pursuing A Passive Attack Posture
Until The Arrival Of Additional Personnel Or Equipment, Or
Allowing The Fire To Burn Itself Out.
Chapter 4 - 35
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Strategy Vs Mode
138
Chapter 4 - 36
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 6: Implement Response Objectives
Checklist
NOTE: Rapidly Changing Incident Conditions May
Require Using Multiple Tactics Simultaneously Or
Switching From One Tactic To Another.
 Defensive Tactics Are Always Desirable Over Offensive
Tactics If They Can Accomplish The Same Objectives.
 Ensure That Properly Equipped Backup Personnel
Wearing The Appropriate Level Of Personal Protective
Clothing Are In-place Before Initiating Operations.
Chapter 4 - 37
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 6: Implement Response Objectives
Checklist
 Ensure That Entry Teams Have Been Briefed Prior To
Being Allowed To Enter The Hot Zone.
 All Watches, Jewelry, And Personal Valuables Have Been
Removed
 Objectives Of The Entry Operation
 Safety Procedures, Including Radio Communications, SCBA,
And PPE Checks
 Emergency Procedures, Including Placement Of Back-up
Teams
 Decontamination Area Location, Set-up, And Procedures
Chapter 4 - 38
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 6: Implement Response Objectives
• Checklist:
CAUTION: DECON Should Be Set Up Prior To Initiating
Entry Operations. For Situations Where Civilians Are
Down And Chemical Exposures Are Suspected,
Emergency DECON Must Be Established As Soon As
Possible.
 Conduct Regular Monitoring Of The Hazard Area To
Determine If Conditions Are Changing.
Chapter 4 - 39
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 6: Implement Response Objectives
• Street Smart Tips:
 Positive Pressure Ventilation (PPV) Can Be Used To Significantly
Reduce Chemical Vapor Levels Within A Building And Increase
The Safety Of Emergency Responders.
 Never Touch Or Handle Anything In A Clandestine Lab Operation
Until The Area Has Been Evaluated And Cleared By Bomb
Squad Personnel.
 What Will Happen If I Do Nothing?
 Surprises Are Nice On Your Birthday But Not On The Emergency
Scene.
 There Is A Very Fine Line Between Explosives, Oxidizers, And
Organic Peroxides.
 Always Have A Plan B In Case Plan A Doesn’t Work!
Chapter 4 - 40
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 7: DECON And Clean-up Operations
Function:
• Decontamination (DECON) Is The Process Of Making Personnel,
Equipment, And Supplies “Safe” By Reducing Or Eliminating
Harmful Substances That Are Present When Entering And
Working In Contaminated Areas.
• All Personnel Trained To The First Responder Operations Level
Should Be Capable Of Delivering An Emergency DECON
Capability.
Goal:
• To Ensure The Safety Of Both Emergency Responders And The
Public By Reducing The Level Of Contamination On Scene And
Minimizing The Potential For Secondary Contamination Beyond
The Incident Scene.
Chapter 4 - 41
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 7: DECON And Clean-up Operations
Checklist:
 Ensure That The DECON Operations Are Coordinated
With Tactical Operations.
 This Should Include The Following Tasks:
 The Decontamination Area Is Properly Located Within The
Warm Zone, In An Appropriate Location.
 The Decontamination Area Is Well Marked And Identified.
 The Proper Decontamination Method And The Type Of
Personal Protective Clothing To Be Used Have Been
Determined And Communicated, As Appropriate.
 All DECON Operations Are Integrated Within The ICS
Organization.
Chapter 4 - 42
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 7: DECON And Clean-up Operations
Checklist:
 Incidents Involving Large Numbers Of Contaminated
Individuals Will Require A Mass DECON Operation.
 Basic Principles Of Mass Casualty DECON:
 Anticipate A 5 : 1 Ratio Of Unaffected To Affected Casualties.
 Decontaminate ASAP - Disrobing Is a Form DECON
 Outer Clothing May Remove Up To 80% Of The Contaminant
When Chemical Agents Are Suspected.
 Water Flushing For A Period Of 3 Minutes Is Generally The
Best Mass DECON Method.
Chapter 4 - 43
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 7: DECON And Clean-up Operations
Checklist:
 After A Known Exposure To A Hazardous Material,
Responders Must DECON ASAP To Avoid Serious Effects.
 Ensure Proper DECON Of All Personnel Before They
Leave The Scene.
 Establish A Plan To Clean Up Or Dispose Of Contaminated
Supplies And Equipment Before Cleaning Up The Site Of A
Release.
Chapter 4 - 44
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 7: DECON And Clean-up Operations
Street Smart Tips:
• Establishing An Emergency DECON Capability Should Be
Part Of The Incident Action Plan.
• DECON Involving Large Numbers Of People Will Be A
Challenge And Will Make For A Long Day.
• Remember The Basics—separate People From The
Problem And Keep Them Corralled Until Emergency
DECON Is Established.
• Permeation Can Occur With Any Porous Material, Not Just
PPE.
• Sodium Hypochlorite (I.E., Bleach) May Be Used As A
DECON Agent For Equipment When Dealing With
Chemical And Biological Materials.
Chapter 4 - 45
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Step 7: DECON And Clean-up Operations
Street Smart Tips:
• Degradation Chemicals, Such As Bleach, Should Never Be
Applied Directly To The Skin.
• Never Transport Contaminated Victims From The Scene To Any
Medical Facility Without Conducting Field DECON.
• Law Enforcement Operations At Incidents Where Hazmats Are
Involved Create Some Unique Challenges:
• Be Aware Of “Bad Guys” Possibly Being Mixed In With Civilians
• Establish A Weapons Safety Officer As Part Of DECON To Ensure
That All Weapons Are Properly Handled And Rendered Safe.
• Ensure That Procedures Are In Place When Conducting DECON Of
Contaminated Prisoners.
Chapter 4 - 46
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Managing The Incident
Step 8: Terminate The Incident
Function:
• This Is The Termination Of Emergency Response Activities
And The Initiation Of Post Emergency Response
Operations (PERO), Including Investigation, Restoration,
And Recovery Activities.
Goal:
• To Ensure That Overall Command Is Transferred To The
Proper Agency When The Emergency Is Terminated And
That All Post-incident Administrative Activities Are
Completed Per Local Policies And Procedures.
Chapter 4 - 47
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Managing The Incident
Step 8: Terminate The Incident
Checklist:
 Account For All Personnel Before Securing Emergency
Operations.
 Conduct Incident Debriefing Session For On-scene
Response Personnel.
 Command Is Formally Transferred From The Lead
Response Agency To The Lead Agency For All Postemergency Response Operations.
 Ensure That The Following Elements Are Documented:
 All Operational, Regulatory, And Medical Phases Of The
Emergency, As Appropriate.
Chapter 4 - 48
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Managing The Incident
Step 8: Terminate The Incident
Checklist:
 All Equipment Or Supplies Used During The Incident.
Obtain The Names And Telephone Numbers Of All Key
Individuals.
 Ensure That All Emergency Equipment Is Reserviced,
Inspected, And Returned To Proper Locations.
Conduct A Critique Of All Major And Significant Incidents
Based On Local Protocols.
 Although Every Organization Has Its Own Critique Style,
Never Use A Critique To Assign Blame.
 Organizations Must Balance The Potential Negatives
Against The Benefits That Are Gained Through The
Critique.
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MATERIALS
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Managing The Incident
Step 8: Terminate The Incident
Checklist:
 Remember—the Reason For Doing The Critique Is To
Improve Your Operations!
 Most Critiques Fall Into One Of Three Categories:
 We Lie To Each Other About What A Great Job We Just Did
 We Beat Up Each Other For Screwing Up
 We Focus On The Lessons That Were Learned And The
Changes/Improvements That Must Be Made.
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Summary
• Emergency Response Operations At Incidents
Involving Hazardous Materials Must Always Be
Based Upon A Structured And Standardized
System Of Protocols And Procedures.
• A Reliance On Standardized Procedures Will Bring
Consistency To The Tactical Operation.
• The Eight Step Process© Is A Tool Used For The
Tactical Management Of Hazardous Materials
Emergencies.
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HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Summary
• The Eight Step Process© Is A Tool Used For The
Tactical Management Of Hazardous Materials
Emergencies.
• The Eight Step Process© Provides A Framework
Necessary To Translate Planning And
Preparedness Into The Delivery Of An Effective
System For Responding To And Investigating
Incidents Where Hazardous Materials And wmd
Materials May Be Involved.
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
Summary
• The Eight Step Process© :
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Site Management And Control
Identify The Problem
Hazard And Risk Evaluation
Select Personal Protective Clothing And Equipment
Information Management And Resource Coordination
Implement Response Objectives
DECON And Clean-up Operations
Terminate The Incident
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MATERIALS
Managing The Incident
Eight Step Process: An Overview
O.T. and The Kid
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© Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005