Renewables for Development of
Rural Areas
Why Renewable Energy in Rural India
 Power Shortage
 Ample Resources &
Sites Available
 Abundant Availability
 Government Incentive
 Increase Financial
Options
 Major Renewable Energy Sources
 Solar Energy
Solar Energy
 Wind Energy
Tidal Energy
Wind Energy
 Hydro Energy
 Biomass Energy
 Tidal Energy
Biomass Energy
Hydro Energy
 Geo-Thermal Energy
Geo-Thermal Energy
 Wave Energy
Present Installed capacity of Renewables in
INDIA ( August 2013 )
Source
Total Installed Capacity (MW)
Wind Power
19,779.15
Solar Power (SPV)
1,968.84
Small Hydro Power
3,711.75
Biomass Power
1,264.80
Bagasse Cogeneration
2,337.43
Waste to Power
99.08
Total
29,161.05
Source : Ministry of New and Renewable Energy Sources (MNRE)
WIND Energy - What is it?
• To use Wind to produce electricity is wind energy.
• About one or 2 percent of this energy is converted to wind energy
• Differential heating of the earth’s surface and atmosphere induces
vertical and horizontal air currents that are affected by the earth’s
rotation and contours of the land  WIND.
~ e.g.: Land Sea Breeze Cycle
WIND Energy for Rural Areas
Hydro Energy - What is it?
• Hydro-power or water power is power derived from the energy of
falling water and running water, which may be harnessed for useful
purposes.
• Kinetic energy of flowing water (when it moves from higher potential to
lower potential) rotates the blades/propellers of turbine, which rotates
the axle.
• The axle has a coil which is placed between the magnets.
• When the coils rotate in magnetic field it induce them in the coil due to
change in flux.
• Hence, kinetic energy of flowing water is converted to electrical energy.
A Hydroelectric Power Plant
Biomass Energy - What is it?
Biomass is
Composition of Municipal Solid Waste
Biomass Energy is
Energy Production from Recycling
Biomass Energy - Production
SUN
The Infinite Source of Energy
• In one hour more sunlight falls on
the earth than what is used by the
entire population in one year.
• It is the most readily available
Renewable source of energy that we
have access to on our planet.
Solar Energy
Solar PV
Solar Thermal
Solar PV
Crystalline
CdTe
Amorphous
Silicon
Dye Sensitized
Cell
CIGS
Solar Photovoltaic
Directly converting Sunlight into Electricity
Cross Section of Solar Cell
Solar Thermal
NICC
Tower
Technology
Linear Fresnel
Parabolic
Collector
Stirling Dish
Solar-Thermal Technologies
Tapping into wider Spectrum of Sun’s Energy
RSIC – Mohali
NICC-BTU
Thermal and PV system combined
Steam (upto 165° C)
Prototype for Rural Electrification
Via PV
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Solar array
Inverter
Operation Building
Battery Bank
Inverter Charger
AC Distribution Board
AC Island grid
PV Electrification – Rural India
The 20kWp Jhargaon Plant, the 1st 3 Phase
Plant in India
100kwp Plant at Jaari, Jharkhand
Benefits of Solar Energy
Generating Employment
Solar Based industry in rural areas
(silicon, wafer, cell, module etc. )
Cottage industries (solar lanterns,
home lighting equipments, etc.)
Solar for Agriculture
(water pumping)
Education for the society
Rural Empowerment
Telecom Towers
Household Lighting
Irrigation Systems
Street Lighting Systems
Applications
Food Processing
Medicare
Processing
Industry
Steam – Food Processing
• Extraction of Mentha Oil from Mentha herbs
• Steam is passed through the herbs for extracting oil.
• Milk Industry
• Utilized in Pasteurization & Heating.
• Rice Production
• Employed in removal of stalks & other foreign materials; drying
of rice.
• Sugar Industry
• Use of Steam in various processes of sugar production.
• Tea Industry
• Utility in oxidation process, without modifying flavour.
Why Requirement for Solar Cold Storage in Villages of
India ?
• Against a production of 180 million tonne a year of fruits, vegetables and
perishables, India has a capacity of storing only 23.6 million tonne in
5,386 cold storages across the country, of which, 80 per cent is used only
for potatoes.
• 25 to 30 per cent of fruits and vegetables and 5-7 per cent of food grains
in India get wasted.
Health Sector
Solar for Rural Health Centers
Solar Fridges for Drug storage
Hot Water for Laundry & Kitchen
Steam Sterilization
Process Industries utilizing
Hot Water/Steam
Paper & Pulp
Textile
Dairy
Leather
Food Processing
Electroplating/Painting
Fertilizers
Drug & Pharmaceuticals
A Show PieceClassical Case of Rural Empowerment
20KWp 3PHASE MINI GRID
JHARGAON,GUMLA DISTRICT
JHARKHAND
JHARGAON SNAPSHOT
Plant Name:
Plant Capacity:Commissioning Date:Developer
Total Generation(kWh)
NGO
Fixed Tariff Plan for 45 Houses per Month (Rs)
Jhargaon
20 kWp
30/4/2010
BERGEN
18,340.00
HOLY CROSS SISTERS
60
Connected Load
12 KW
Average Daily Generation
25 kWh
Average Monthly Collection (Rs)
2700/-
Average Expenses Monthly
5000/-
Jhargaon Power Plant
• Project initiated by Hon’ble Member Parliament (Rajya Sabha), Madam
Rebello and executed by the Bergen Group
• The plant has benefitted the villagers in more than one way:
• Provided electrification to more than 50 households
• Livelihood provided to a number of people through small scale
applications like Water Pumping for Irrigation, Rice Mill, Flour
Mill,
• Educational benefits to the children of the village
• Better health through provision of filtered water
• TV provided to the community for their recreation and information
• The village economy has received a major boost through the
electrification programme
Jhargaon- Highlights
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
3 Phase to support Irrigation Pump
Home Lighting
Water Filtration
Rice Mill
Flour Mill
Village Community Centre
Healthcare Centre
Solar Fridge to store life saving drugs provided to
Levan Barvai Hospital, Rampur, Chainpur
Flour Mill Powered by Solar Energy
Rice Mill powered by Solar
Irrigation Using Solar Power
IMPACT STUDY
• Availability of Power has increased security ,enabled
education and empowered house wives
• Provision of Rice Mill, Flour Mill and Irrigation Pump
has reduced the dependency on urban areas
resulting in self sufficiency
• Water Filtration unit will give villagers access to clean
drinking water thus improving the health and living
standards of people
Recommendations – Interface
• To create interface between Industry, Academia, NGOs and
Government
•
•
•
•
•
•
Engineering Colleges to adopt a village each
Plan to adopt a village by PPP partnership
College to adopt Renewable Energy as a course
Create healthy competition
Encourage development of entrepreneurs
Empower NGOs to reach out to the bottom of the pyramid
Recommendations – Green Environment
• Preservation
• Solar Power for lift irrigation and drinking water supply by using
solar powered pumps.
• Rural Mini Grids to be encouraged rather than Government
spending a similar amount on laying a transmission line
• Surplus land around SEB Substations to be used for Solar power
plants
Recommendations - Political
• Solar Centric Policies to encourage CSR & Govt.
spend on Rural Mini Grids to address specific
issues including
•
•
•
•
•
Naxal problem
Poverty
Training and Empowerment
Creation of jobs
Establish micro-economies in villages
Recommendations - Health
• Rural Primary Health Centres
to have combination of rooftop PV and Thermal systems
• Solar powered DC fridges to
be made mandatory at rural
health centres
Recommendations :Sustainability
• NGO plays an important role in O&M of the plant
and therefore their continued presence in the
village is a must.
• Tariffs are decided in consultation with village
elders.
• Metered or flat rate tariffs depending on
consumption to be selected
• Higher tariffs for consumers like Telecom Tower
etc can be explored to make the plant sustainable
Recommendations :Sustainability
To make Rural Mini Grids sustainable innovative
ideas including :• Bundling domestic load with loads like Telecom
Towers at higher tariff
• Adding solutions like providing clean potable
drinking water
• Increasing subsidy by reducing SEB burden of
laying transmission lines
• Encouraging Corporates to invest CSR into Mini
grids
Final Outcome for a Shining India
Sun for All
India’s Smart Village
CC
MARKET
Village
Electrification
Lantern + Module
Industry
I
Battery
Substation
Irrigation
Economic Growth of Village
Population
Development of a Modern Village
Hospital
Police Station
Sewer
Cold Storage
INFRASTRUCTURE
Power
Playground
School
Housing
Industry
Telecom
Cemetery
Thank You