Waste Management System in
Egypt
Justification
Minimization
Segregation
Owner
(Generator)
RWM
Regulation
Transportati
on
Licenses
Inspection
Treatment
Regulator
Operator
Conditioning
& Disposal
Radioisotope
Production
Nuclear Fuel
Research
Radioactive
Waste
Management
Treatment,
Conditioning
Storage
Disposal
Radioactive Waste
Generation in Egypt
• Inshas Nuclear Complex
Other External Generators
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
• Medical uses: Hospital, medical
2MW Research Reactor
22 MW Research Reactor
Nuclear chemistry department
Radioisotope production lab.
Activation analysis
Nuclear fuel production lab.
Nuclear metallurgy lab.
Decontamination activities
•
•
lab.
Research uses: Research institute,
universities
Industrial uses: Petroleum,
inspection , etc.
Waste Management Division
7
Practice
R &D
 Studying waste composition
 Treatment
 Immobilization in cement, ceramic


material
Site-characteristics
P.A. &S.A
 Transport to HLWMC site.
 Treatment of solid & liquid



wastes
Conditioning
Storage
Near surface disposal
Waste from NPP
Radioactive waste generated from NPP can
be divided into
– power reactor wastes, and
– fuel cycle facility wastes,
•Power reactors are responsible for the largest
volume of LLW.
•Fuel cycle plants, such as fuel enrichment plants
and fuel fabrication plants, produce small volumes
of LLW relative to power reactors.
Power Reactor Wastes
The majority of power reactor wastes :
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Liquid radioactive wastes,
Wet solids (including slurries),
Dry active solid wastes (DAW),
Liquid organic wastes, and
Thermal waste.
Power Reactor Wastes
Power Reactor Wastes
1) Liquid Radioactive Wastes
• Liquid radioactive wastes are produced from
recycled reactor core fluids, hydraulic fluid from
equipment repairs, housekeeping activities, and
laundering.
• These wastes are treated to remove the maximum
amount of radioactive contamination.
• Treated liquids are then typically recycled or
discharged to the environment under the control of
the plant operating license and national regulations.
Power Reactor Wastes
2) Wet solids
Radioactive wet solid wastes consist of solid wastes
containing greater than 5% liquid. Most radioactive
wet solid wastes are produced from cleaning
aqueous processing systems at power reactors.
• Spent Ion-Exchange Resins
• Filter Sludge
• Cartridge Filters
Power Reactor Wastes
3) Dry active solid wastes
• Cloth (rags, mops, gloves)
•
• Contaminated dirt
•
• Contaminated tools and
•
equipment, Filters
•
• Glass
•
• High density concrete block
• Miscellaneous metal, Aerosol •
cans, Buckets, Crushed drums, •
Fittings, Pipes and Valves
Miscellaneous wood
Plastic
Bags, gloves, shoe covers,
Sample bottles
Rubber,
Sweeping Compounds
Irradiated metal alloys
Flux wires, Flow channels,
Fuel channels, In-core
instrumentation, Poison
channels, Shim rods.
Power Reactor Wastes
4) Liquid organic wastes
• liquid organic wastes includes pump oil,
lubricating oils, organic resins, liquid scintillation
counting solutions, and decontamination
solutions containing organic chelating agents.
• Liquid organic waste volumes are very small
when compared to the total generated volume of
LLW
Power Reactor Wastes
5) Thermal waste
• This waste is common both to conventional and
nuclear plants.
• The quantity of thermal waste proportional to the
size of the plant.
• In a NPP with a PWR operates at a thermal power of
1000 MW must dispose of approximately 2.4 million
Btu/s. If this quantity of heat were released into a
river having a flow rate of 1000 cubic ft/s, the entire
river temperature would rise by 33 degrees
Fahrenheit.
Fuel Cycle Wastes
Fuel cycle facility wastes include
• Calcium fluoride generated from hydrogen
fluoride gas scrubbers,
• Filter sludge,
• Contaminated equipment, and
• Trash.