Unit 10 Social Issues
By FENG Pengpeng
Outline
• Text A conversation:
An Encounter with the
Homeless
• Text B
Calling for More Care for
Left-behind Children
• Exercises
Text A conversation:
An Encounter with the
Homeless
Encounter: n. a meeting, especially
one that happens by chance 遇见，偶然碰到
e.g. This meeting will be the first encounter
between the party leaders since the election.
Homeless: adj. without a home 无家可归的
E.g. Accommodation needs to be found for
thousands of homeless families.
An Overview
• Peter is a junior student helping his
professor doing some research on the
homeless in the United States. He has
interviewed 50 people and now is
talking to John, who lives under a
bridge in the downtown area.
• Peter: Excuse me. Do you have a minute?
• John: Who wants to know?
• Peter: My name is Peter, and I’m a college
student doing a study of life on the
streets. Would you mind if I ask you a few
questions?
• John: Go ahead. I have all the time in the
world. Would you like me
to do your portrait?
• Peter: Okay. Why not?
• John: Thanks. What do you want to know?
• Peter: I know it’s none of my business, but how
did you end up on the streets?
• John: Well, I was working late one night. I used
to work as a cartoonist. Freelancing, I mean. I
fell asleep for a moment or two. Next thing I
knew was the place was in flames.
• Peter: Your apartment was on fire?
• John: Yup. It was caused by the cigarette I was
smoking.
• Peter: Were you injured?
• John: My right hand was burnt. I was told I’d
never be able to draw again.
• Peter: How do you survive now?
• John: I’m on welfare, but it’s not enough to pay
for a decent home. I’ll tell you, I’d rather live
here under the clear blue sky than in one of
those low-income housing projects.
• Peter: Are you looking for work now?
• John: Come on. No one would hire me now.
• Peter: What do you do during the winter? It
must get cold out here.
• John: The police try to take us into shelters,
but I always hide from them. It’s really not so
bad. You get used to the cold and the hunger.
It’s surprising to see how well we human
beings can adapt. Here, your portrait is
ready.
• Peter: Wow! That’s pretty good. Thanks.
It’s been nice talking to you, but I’m
afraid I must be leaving now. How much
do I owe you?
• John: Don’t worry about it. I’ve enjoyed
talking to you. I don’t always get
company, you know?
Detailed reading
• Peter is a junior student helping his
professor doing some research on the
homeless in the United States. He has
interviewed 50 people and now is
talking to John, who lives under a
bridge in the downtown area.
Peter is a junior student helping his professor doing
some research on the homeless in the United States.
• a junior student 大学三年级学生 (freshman/
sophomore/ junior/ senior/ postgraduate)
• helping his professor doing some research
on…
– Help sb doing sth 帮助某人做某事 e.g. Would you
please help me filing these documents?
– Do research on sth 研究某事 e.g.
She is part of the group of scientists doing
research on people’s diets.
They are carrying out research on dolphin’s
language.
He has interviewed 50 people and now is talking
to John, who lives under a bridge in the
downtown area.
• Interview: v. to ask someone questions
in an interview e.g.
– We've had 200 applicants for the job, but
we only plan to interview about 20 of them.
– Who's the most famous person you've ever
interviewed on TV?
• … John, who lives under a bridge in
the downtown area. 非限制性定语从句
翻译
• Peter is a junior student helping his
professor doing some research on the
homeless in the United States. He has
interviewed 50 people and now is talking to
John, who lives under a bridge in the
downtown area.
• 彼得是大学三年级的学生，正在帮他的教授开展
一项关于美国无家可归之人的研究。他已经访谈
了50个人，现在正在和约翰谈话。约翰住在市中
心的一座天桥下面。
• Peter: Excuse me. Do you have a minute?
• John: Who wants to know?
• Peter: My name is Peter, and I’m a college
student doing a study of life on the
streets. Would you mind if I ask you a few
questions?
• John: Go ahead. I have all the time in the
world. Would you like me
to do your portrait?
• Peter: Okay. Why not?
Conversation skill: starting a
conversation
--Excuse me. Do you have a minute?
--John: Who wants to know?
--Peter: My name is Peter…
• Excuse me向不熟悉的人打听情况或提出
请求
• Do you have a minute? 你有时间吗?
• Who wants to know? 询问说话人的身份
Excuse me 用法
• 用来向不熟悉的人打听情况或提出请求(其实质用法
是引人注意) 。如：Excuse me, does this bus go
to the railway station? 请问这公共汽车去火车站
吗?
• 用来客气地打断别人的话。 如：Excuse me, what
you said was wrong. 对不起，你说错了。
• 作从别人面前经过时的礼貌用语。如：Excuse me,
could I get past? 劳驾，让我过去好吗?
• 表示中途退席或暂时告退。 如：Excuse me, I’ll
be back in a minute. 对不起，我一会儿就回来。
I’m a college student doing a study of life
on the streets.
• Do a study of sth 做关于……的研究 e.g.
– They start to do a study of the relationship
between watching TV and getting
depression
• doing a study of …在此是现在分词短语
做定语,修饰college student。
Conversation skills
--Would you mind if I ask you a few
questions?
--Go ahead. … Would you like me
to
do your portrait?
--Okay. Why not?
• would you mind if… 与would you like
me to … 两个句型都是向对方提出要求。
此处回答均为肯定，分别用go ahead和
Okay, why not。
• Would you mind if I ask you a few
questions?
• 用mind询问是否介意，可以用以下结构：
– would you mind doing sth
– would you mind sth
– would you mind if 从句
本句也可以说 Would you mind my asking you
a few questions?
• Go ahead. 在此表示同意
• Go ahead的用法
– 表示同意或允许，如：
A：May I start? 我可以开始了吗?
B：Yes, go ahead. 好，开始吧。OR
A：Do you mind if I smoke? 我抽烟你介意吗?
B：No, go ahead. 不介意，你抽吧。
– 表示继续做某事，如：
Go ahead, we’re all listening. 继续讲吧，我们都在听着呢!
Go ahead, what are you waiting for? 往前走呀，你在等什么?
– 表示请对方先走或先做某事，可译为：你先走上步；你先请。如：
You go ahead. I’ll join you shortly. 你们先开始，我一会儿就来(和
你们一块儿干)。
– 表示有进展或有进步。如：
Work is going ahead. 工作有进展
• Would you like me to do your portrait?
– portrait: n. a painting, photograph,
drawing, etc. of a person or, less
commonly, of a group of people 肖像, 画像
e.g.
The portrait flatters her. 这幅画像比她本人美。
The portrait looks real. 这肖像看起来栩栩如生。
– do one’s portrait: 为某人画像
翻
译
• Peter: Excuse me. Do you have a minute?
• John: Who wants to know?
• Peter: My name is Peter, and I’m a college
student doing a study of life on the streets.
Would you mind if I ask you a few questions?
• John: Go ahead. I have all the time in the world.
Would you like me to do your portrait?
• Peter: Okay. Why not?
• 彼得：打扰一下，请问您有时间吗？
• 约翰：你是谁？
• 彼得：我是彼得，正在做一项关于街头生活的研究。
您介意我问您几个问题吗？
• 约翰：问吧。我反正时间多得是。你愿意我给你画幅
肖像吗？
• 彼得：好啊，可以啊。
• John: Thanks. What do you want to know?
• Peter: I know it’s none of my business, but how
did you end up on the streets?
• John: Well, I was working late one night. I used
to work as a cartoonist. Freelancing, I mean. I
fell asleep for a moment or two. Next thing I
knew was the place was in flames.
• Peter: Your apartment was on fire?
• John: Yup. It was caused by the cigarette I was
smoking.
• Peter: Were you injured?
• I know it’s none of my business, but how did
you end up on the streets?
– It’s none of my business. 不关我事。
It’s none of your/his/their business. 不关你
的/他的/他们的事。
– end up: to finally be in a particular place
or situation e.g
She'll end up penniless if she carries on
spending like that.
• I was working late one night. I used to work
as a cartoonist. Freelancing, I mean.
– was working late... 过去进行时
– used to: a particular thing always
happened or was true in the past过去经常
做…… e.g.
She used to live in Guangzhou.
You don't come and see me like you used
to.
• cartoonist n. a
person who
specializes in
drawing cartoons.漫
画家
• Freelance n.
somebody who is
self-employed and
isn't committed to
an employer for too
long自由职业者
（freelancer, or
freelance worker）
• I fell asleep for a moment or two. Next thing I
knew was the place was in flames.
– for a moment or two 一会儿
– next thing I knew 定语从句
– the place was in flames 表语从句
– in flames 燃烧，处于火焰中 （flame: n. 火焰）
The building was soon enveloped in
flames.
那幢建筑物很快就陷入了火海之中。
• Your apartment was on fire?
– on fire 着火 e.g.
His house was on fire when he came back.
• Yup. It was caused by the cigarette I was
smoking.
– yup: yes 是的，对。
– It was caused by the cigarette I was
smoking. 定语从句
– caused by 由......引起
• John: Thanks. What do you want to know?
• Peter: I know it’s none of my business, but how
did you end up on the streets?
• John: Well, I was working late one night. I used
to work as a cartoonist. Freelancing, I mean.
• 约翰：谢谢。你想问什么？
• 彼得：我知道这跟我没关系，可您是怎么流落街头
的呢？
• 约翰：哦，一天晚上我工作得很晚。我过去是个漫
画家，我是说自由职业者。
•
•
•
•
•
•
I fell asleep for a moment or two. Next thing I
knew was the place was in flames.
Peter: Your apartment was on fire?
John: Yup. It was caused by the cigarette I
was smoking.
Peter: Were you injured?
我睡着了一小会儿，接下来我就知道房子着火了
。
彼得：您的公寓着火了？
约翰：对。是我抽烟引起的。
彼得：您受伤了吗？
• John: My right hand was burnt. I was told I’d
never be able to draw again.
• Peter: How do you survive now?
• John: I’m on welfare, but it’s not enough to pay
for a decent home. I’ll tell you, I’d rather live
here under the clear blue sky than in one of
those low-income housing projects.
• Peter: Are you looking for work now?
• John: Come on. No one would hire me now.
• How do you survive now?
– Survive: v. to continue to live or exist, especially
after coming close to dying or being destroyed or
after being in a difficult or threatening situation 生
存；活着 e.g.
– The family are struggling to survive on very
little money.
– The front passengers were lucky to survive
the accident.
I’m on welfare, but it’s not enough to pay for a decent
home.
• on welfare: receiving financial help from the
state because you are poor or have not been
employed for a long time 领取政府救助
– welfare n. help given, especially by the state or
an organization, to people who need it, especially
because they do not have enough money 福利
e.g.
– This national fund pays for welfare benefits such
as unemployment and sickness pay.
• decent adj. 体面的，相当好的 e.g.
– He dreamed of living in decent conditions. 他梦
想着过体面的生活。
• I’ll tell you, I’d rather live here under the
clear blue sky than in one of those lowincome housing projects.
– Would rather… than…宁愿 e.g.
He'd rather die than (= He certainly does not
want to) let me think he needed help.
– low-income housing projects 廉租房
low-income adj. paid low wages 低收入的
e.g. They are among the low-income
workers in the country.
conversation skills
• Are you looking for work now?
• Come on. No one would hire me now.
• come on的用法：在此处表示不同意别人的观点，
翻译为 “得了吧” “算了吧”。
• hire: v. 雇佣 e.g.
– We hired an advertising company for help
to sell our product. 我们雇用了一家广告公
司来推销我们的产品。
• John: My right hand was burnt. I was told I’d never be
able to draw again.
• Peter: How do you survive now?
• John: I’m on welfare, but it’s not enough to pay for a
decent home. I’ll tell you, I’d rather live here under the
clear blue sky than in one of those low-income housing
projects.
• Peter: Are you looking for work now?
• John: Come on. No one would hire me now.
• 约翰：我烧伤了右手，医生说我再也不可能画画了。
• 彼得：那您现在怎么生活？
• 约翰：我靠福利，不过那点钱不够负担一个像样的家。老实说，
我宁愿在这里生活在清澈的蓝天下，也不愿意住在那些低收入
住房里。
• 彼得：您如今在找工作吗？
• 约翰：得了吧，没有人愿意雇用我。
• Peter: What do you do during the winter? It
must get cold out here.
• John: The police try to take us into shelters,
but I always hide from them. It’s really not so
bad. You get used to the cold and the hunger.
It’s surprising to see how well we human
beings can adapt. Here, your portrait is
ready.
• It must get cold out here.
– must表示猜测
– 例题
Tom has several houses in london, so he
_______ be very rich.
B
D. may
B. must
C. can
D. might
The police try to take us into shelters,
but I always hide from them.
• shelter n. (a building designed to give)
protection from bad weather, danger
or attack 庇护所 e.g.
– The trees gave/provided some shelter
from the rain.
– They opened a shelter to provide
temporary housing for the city's homeless.
• hide from sb. 隐瞒某人，隐藏
– The valley was hidden from view in the
mist. 溪谷隐没在雾霭之中，看不见了。
You get used to the cold and the hunger.
• get used to sth./ doing sth. 对某事物已
习惯，已适应
– 其他类似表达：become/ be used to
– e.g. The food in England is strange at first
but you will soon get used to it. 英国食物乍
一吃很不习惯，但不久就能适应了。
• the cold/ the hunger: the+形容词充当名
词，又见the homeless
• It’s surprising to see how well we human
beings can adapt.
– It's surprising to see... 中，it是形式主语，
句子的真正主语是to see这一不定式结构。
– how well we human beings can adapt是宾
语从句，语序是陈述句语序。
– adapt: v. to change something to suit
different conditions or uses 适应 e.g.
– We had to adapt our plans to fit Jack's
timetable.
– Mary is good at adapting to new
environment.
• Peter: What do you do during the winter? It
must get cold out here.
• John: The police try to take us into shelters,
but I always hide from them. It’s really not so
bad. You get used to the cold and the hunger.
It’s surprising to see how well we human
beings can adapt. Here, your portrait is
ready.
• 彼得：您如何过冬？这里肯定很冷。
• 约翰：警察试图带我们去收容所，不过我总是躲起来不让
他们找到。这里也不差，人逐渐就适应了寒冷和饥饿。很
惊讶吧，看到我们人类有这么强的适应力。给你，你的肖
像画好了。
• Peter: Wow! That’s pretty good. Thanks.
It’s been nice talking to you, but I’m
afraid I must be leaving now. How much
do I owe you?
• John: Don’t worry about it. I’ve enjoyed
talking to you. I don’t always get
company, you know?
• It’s been nice talking to you, but I’m
afraid I must be leaving now.
– 通常出现在对话的末尾，礼貌地表示即将结束
对话。
– I'm afraid 我恐怕，口语中使语气听起来
更加委婉。
– I must be leaving now: must后跟进行
时表示即将发生的动作。
• How much do I owe you?
– Owe: v. HAVE DEBTS 欠
（债） e.g.
– I owe you a drink for
helping me move.
– I think you owe (=
should give) me an
explanation/apology .
• I’ve enjoyed talking to you. I don’t
always get company, you know?
– enjoy doing sth. e.g.
– 动名词常跟在某些动词如enjoy, finish, mind,
can't help(禁不住), suggest(建议), advise,
consider(考虑), practise, admit, imagine 等
以及含介词的短语动词insist on, stop...from,
look forward to, pay attention to等后面作宾
语。e.g. Do you mind my smoking here?
• get company 有伴
• company: n. when you are with a
person or people, or the person or
people you are with 陪伴；伙伴 e.g.
• I just enjoy his company.
• I travelled in the company of two
friends.
• Peter: Wow! That’s pretty good. Thanks. It’s
been nice talking to you, but I’m afraid I must
be leaving now. How much do I owe you?
• John: Don’t worry about it. I’ve enjoyed talking
to you. I don’t always get company, you know?
• 彼得：哇，很不错啊。谢谢。跟你谈话很开心，不
过恐怕我得离开了。我需要付您多少钱？
• 约翰：别担心这个。我也很高兴跟你聊天，我没什
么伴，知道吗？
Idiomatic Study: taking leaves
The following
phrases are useful
when you want to
say good-bye to
someone or you
want to indicate that
you want to leave.
• Well, it’s been nice
talking to you.
• Well, it’s been nice
seeing you again.
• I’ve enjoyed talking
to you.
• I’d love to continue the conversation, but I’d
rather get going.
• Sorry I have to run off like this.
• I think I should be/ get going now.
• I’ve (really) got to go now.
• I need to go now.
• I have to run.
The following phrases are common when you need to
say good-bye.
• Let’s get together again.
• I hope we’ll see each
other again soon.
• Give me a ring
sometime soon.
• Let’s stay in touch.
• I’ll talk to you later.
• Take care.
• Good-bye.
• See you soon.
Text B Calling for More Care
for Left-behind Children
Getting Started
• What is “left-behind children”?
Children whose parents both become
migrant workers in the cities and who are
left behind back at home in the countryside
with the care of other relatives. In Chinese
they are called
Main idea
• Para 1: introducing the phenomenon of
left-behind children.
• Para 2: describing the status of leftbehind children
• Para 3-4: analyzing the problems
raised by parents’ absences
• Para 5: taking methods to help leftbehind children
Detailed-reading: Para. 1
• There are about 58 million left-behind
children in rural China and over 40
million of them are under 14 years old,
according to a report concerning the
status of the left-behind children
released by the All-China Women’s
Federation early this February.
• There are about 58 million left-behind
children in rural China
– Rural: adj. in, of or like the countryside 乡
下的
– The area is still very rural and
undeveloped.
– The rural scenery was so beautiful that he
decided to stay one more week. 乡村风光
太美了，以致于他决定再多呆一星期。
• according to a report concerning the
status of the left-behind children
released by the All-China Women’s
Federation early this February.
– according to: as stated by 根据 e.g.
According to our records you owe us $130.
– a report concerning… released by…中，
concerning与released都修饰report
– concerning: prep. about 关于 E.g. I've had a
letter from the tax authorities concerning my tax
payments.
– Release: v. to allow something to be shown in
public 发表，发行 e.g.
The new film will be released next month. 这部新
的电影下个月发行。
The latest developments have just been released
to the media. 最新的进展情况已向大众传播媒介发表。
• All-China Women’s Federation
• an organization of women established in
China in March 1949
• The basic functions of the federation are to
represent and safeguard the rights and
interests of women and promote equality
between men and women.
• 全国妇女联合会
翻译
• 据全国妇联今年2月初发布的一个关于留守
儿童状态的报道，在中国农村有5800万留
守子女，其中4000多万人的年龄低于14岁。
Para. 2
• The report found more than half of the
children left behind don’t live with either
parent. The telephone is often the only way
they can contact their mother or father. The
report indicates that 8.7 percent left-behind
children have no contact with their parents
at all. The survey also found 49.7 percent of
left-behind children prefer to live with their
parents, and 44.1 percent of left-behind
children do not want to live with their
parents. 24.2 percent of left-behind children
do not speak much with their caregiver.
• The report found more than half of the
children left behind don’t live with either
parent.
– found后面是宾语从句
– 从句主语children被过去分词left behind修饰，表示
被动关系
– Either：used when referring to a choice between
two possibilities 两者中的任何一个 e.g.
Either candidate would be ideal for the job.
"Would you like the metal or plastic one?" "Either
will do."
关于either和neither的一些用法
• 用作形容词。起定语作用，常放在单数名词前，
表示“这个或者那个”。
– You may use either book ．两本书你可以随便用一
本。
– Neither answer is right ． 两个答案都不对。
• 用作代词。范围多限定于两者之间，常用作主语。
作主语时后面跟单数动词。 either 表示 “ 二者
之一 ” ； neither 表示 “ 两者都不 ” ，其反义
词是 both 。如：
– Either of the knives is useful ． 两把刀都有用。
– Neither of them was in good health, but both
worked very hard ． 他们两人身体都不好，但都努
力地工作。
• 用作副词。 either 只用于否定句中，表示 “ 也
（不） ” ；neither 通常用在句子的开头，表示 “ 也
不 ” ，其后要用倒装语序。如： I don’t speak French.
She doesn’t, either ． ( ＝ Neither I nor she speaks
French ．) 我不会讲法语，她也不会讲法语。
• 用作连词。构成短语 either…or… 与 neither…nor… ，
分别表示“要么 …… 要么 ……”和“既不 …… 也不 ……”。
常用来连接两个并列成分。
– Neither the teacher nor the students are going to Huashan.
老师和同学们都不打算去华山。
– You can either ride a bike or take a bus to go there ．你可以
骑车或坐公共汽车去那里。
例题
•
•
A.
B.
C.
D.
—Can I park my car here？
—Yes，you can park on ______ side of
the street.
either
A
neither
both
all
• We asked John and Henry some easy
questions，but ______ of them could
answer them.
•
A. none
•
B. both
D
•
C. all
•
D. neither
• ___________ Lily ______________ Lucy
may go with you because one of them
must stay at home.
•
A. Not only；but also
•
B. Neither；nor
D
•
C. Both；and
•
D. Either；or
• The report indicates that 8.7 percent
left-behind children have no contact
with their parents at all.
– indicate v. 显示，表明 He indicated his
willingness with a nod of his head. 他点头
表示愿意
– Contact: n/ v. 联系；联络 e.g.
I tried to contact him at his office, but he
wasn't in.
• The survey also found 49.7 percent of leftbehind children prefer to live with their
parents…
– survey: n. 调查，研究 This survey is the work of a
real professional. 这份调查是真正内行人做的.
– prefer: to like, choose or want one thing rather
than another 更喜欢 e.g.
Do you prefer hot or cold weather?
I prefer red wine to white.
• 24.2 percent of left-behind children do not
speak much with their caregiver.
• Caregiver: n. a person who is responsible for
attending to the needs of a child 照顾者
• E.g. From caregiver to cared- for, from
cared- for to caregiver, our relationship had
come full circle. 一方从关爱者变为受照顾者，
另一方则从受照顾者变为关爱者，两人的关系倒
了个个儿。
翻译
• 报道发现，半数以上的留守儿童不与父母
中的任何一方共同生活。电话往往是他们
与母亲或父亲保持联系的唯一途径。该报
道表明，8.7%的留守儿童与父母亲完全不
联系。调查还发现，49.7%的留守儿童愿意
和父母亲一起生活，而44.1%的留守儿童不
愿意和父母亲一起生活，24.2%的留守儿童
与他们的看护者之间没有太多交谈
Para. 3
• Since most of these children are at a
critical stage of development, experts
fear that they may develop
psychological problems stemming
from their parents’ absences.
• Since most of these children are at a
critical stage of development
– since表示原因
– at a criticla stage of development 处于发育
的关键阶段
– critical: adj. of the greatest importance to
the way things might happen 关键的 e.g. a
critical report
The report is highly critical of safety
standards at the factory.
because/since/ for/ as表示原因
• —Did you return Fred’s call?
—I didn’t need to__________I’ll see him
D
tomorrow.
A. though
B. unless
C. when
D. because
• Jenny was very sad over the loss of the
photos she had shot at
Canada,__________this was a memory she
especially treasured.
A
A. as
B. if C. when D. where
• He found it increasingly difficult to
B
read,__________his eyesight was
beginning to fail.
A. though B. for
C. but
D. so
• ______ you are leaving tomorrow, we
can eat dinner together tonight.
A. For B. Since C. Before
D. While
B
• …experts fear that they may develop
psychological problems stemming
from their parents’ absences.
– expert: n. 专家
– stem from 源于……
– absence n. 缺席，不在场
• Psychological: adj. relating to the
human mind and feelings 心理的
• E.g. psychological problems
•
psychological research
•
We are concerned with the
physical and psychological well-being
of our employees.
• Stem from sth: to start or develop as
the result of something 源于
• E.g. Her problems stem from her
difficult childhood.
•
Their disagreement stemmed from
a misunderstanding.
• absence: n. failure to be present 不在，
缺席 (absent adj. 反义词 presence)
– Please look after my house during my
absence. 我不在时，请帮我看房子。
– We must invent an excuse for our
absence. 我们必须为缺席编造一个藉口。
– We are in the absence of experience. 我们
缺乏经验。
翻译
• 由于大多数的这些孩子处于发育的关键阶
段，专家担心，因其父母亲不在身边，他
们可能会滋生出一些心理问题。
Para. 4
• Sun Yunxiao, a youth expert with the China
Youth Research Centre said: “The younger
the child is, the more family care the child
requires. Intimate family care is
indispensable to every child's growth. The
biggest risk for left-behind children is that
they lack family intimacy. They need good
care and instructions in their everyday lives,
including emotional support, study help and
recreational time.”
• The younger the child is, the more family
care the child requires.
– The more…, the more…: 越……越…… e.g. The
more you plan, the cheaper your trip will be.
– _________, the more severe the winters are.
A. The more north you go
B. The farther you go the north
D
C. The more you go north
D. The farther north you go
• Intimate family care is indispensable to
every child's growth.
• Intimate a. 亲密的,私人的,秘密的
She is my intimate friend. 她是我的密友。
He should listen to his intimate
feelings. 人应当倾听自己的内心感觉。
• Indispensable: adj. so good or
important that you could not manage
without them 必要的
• E.g. This book is an indispensable
resource for researchers.
•
Water is indispensable to plants.
•
Dictionaries are indispensable in
English study.
• The biggest risk for left-behind
children is that they lack family
intimacy.
– Risk: n. the possibility of something bad
happening 危险； 冒险性 E.g.
– In this business, the risks and the rewards
are high.
– It's a low/high- risk strategy.
– The risk (that) we might fail made us work
twice as hard.
• Intimacy: n. when you have a close
friendship or sexual relationship with
someone 亲密,亲密关系
• E.g. Intimacy between teachers and
students is not recommended.
• They need good care and instructions
in their everyday lives, including
emotional support, study help and
recreational time.”
– Instruction: n. something that someone
tells you to do 指导 e.g.
– The police who broke into the house were
only acting on/under instructions.
– He gave me strict instructions to get there
by eight o'clock.
• everyday lives: 日常生活
• everyday 是形容词，只作定语，表示日常的
the everyday English shoulded be learnt by
heart. 日常用语应该记住
• every day 是副词词组 作状语，表示 每天 天天
we speak English every day.我们天天讲英语
• emotional:
a. 感情的,情绪的
– The boy got very emotional when I had to leave,
and started to cry. 当我不得不离开时，这个孩子情
绪异常激动，忍不住哭了起来。
– Women are often said to be more emotional than
men. 人们常说女人比男人更富于感情。
• Recreational: adj.娱乐性的；供消遣的
e.g.
– They avoided all recreational activity.
– Many modern recreational facilities have been
built in Tibet.
翻译
• 中国青少年发展中心工作的青年专家孙云
晓说：“儿童的年龄越小，需要的家庭关
怀越多。密切的家庭关怀对每个孩子的成
长都不可或缺。留守儿童面对的最大风险
就是他们缺少家庭的亲情。他们在日常生
活中需要精心的照顾和指导，包括情感支
持、学习帮助和娱乐时间等方面。”
Para. 5
• Many provinces in China have now set up
special schools to care for these children.
Some provinces have also established
charity funds for their future development.
But experts add that with the numbers of leftbehind children rising rapidly, more efforts
will be needed by schools, society and rural
families to care for children in China's rural
areas.
• Many provinces in China have now set
up special schools to care for these
children.
– province: n. 省
– set up: to formally establish a new
company, organization, system, way of
working, etc 成立E.g. She plans to set up
her own business.
They've set up a fund for victims of the
earthquake.
– care for 关心，喜欢
care for用法
• He likes pop; he doesn‘t care for
classic music. 他喜欢流行歌曲，不喜欢
古典音乐。
• Would you care for a drink? 你要不要来
点儿喝的？
• He's entrusted his children to my care
for a day. 他托我照看一天孩子。
• Some provinces have also established
charity funds for their future
development.
– Establish: v. to start a company or
organization that will continue for a long
time 建立 e.g. The charity fund was
established in 1822.
– charity fund 慈善基金
• But experts add that with the numbers
of left-behind children rising rapidly,
more efforts will be needed by schools,
society and rural families to care for
children in China's rural areas.
– 长句子：But experts add为主句，that引导
宾语从句，宾语从句中：with结构作状语，
more efforts wil be needed by…to care for
children是主要结构。
• with the numbers of left-behind
children rising rapidly：with结构（with
+ n. + v-ing）
• with结构中包括with+n./pron.+补足语，
补足语可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、
动词不定式或分词
• 充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时
间、原因或条件
例题
• The students were sitting in the classroom
with their eyes______on the teachers.
B
A.fixing
B.fixed
C.were fixed
D.being fixed
• With him ________，we felt quite relieved.
A. take care of
B
B. taking care of
C. were taken care of
D. taken care of
• A little boy with two of his front teeth
_______ ran into the house.
A. miss
B. missed
D
C. being missed D. missing
• With the boy ______ the way，we found
the house easily.
D
A. lead
B. led
C. being led
D. leading
翻译
• 在中国，许多省份目前已经建立起照顾这
些儿童的专门学校。一些省份还建立了帮
助他们未来发展的慈善基金。然而，专家
进一步指出，随着留守儿童数量的迅速增
加，学校、社会和农村家庭更需要竭尽所
能去关怀中国农村地区的儿童。
• Unit 10
• Text B Compehension Questions
1. In this passage, “left-behind children” are
_______________.
A. children whose parents go abroad
B. children who do not live with one or two of their
parents
C. children who fail to perform well in school
D. children who live in rural areas under 14 years
old
P2: The report found more than half of the children left
behind don’t live with either parent.
2. Which of the following describes the
status of the left-behind children?
A. Left-behind children are born in cities.
B. Left-behind children are all teenagers.
C. Left-behind children stay in touch with their
parents mostly by phone.
D. Left-behind children do not stay in touch
with their parents at all.
The report indicates that 8.7 percent leftbehind children have no contact with their
parents at all.
3. The experts’ concern for the leftbehind children is that ______________
A. they may develop mental problems
B. they may commit crime
C. they may want to live with their parents
D. they may have no caregivers
P3: Since most of these children are at a critical stage of
development, experts fear that they may develop
psychological problems stemming from their parents’
absences.
4. According to Sun Yunxiao, the biggest
challenge left-behind children are faced
with is _________________.
A. the lack of financial support
B. the lack of recreational time
C. the lack of study help
D. the lack of family love
P4: “The younger the child is, the more family care the
child requires. Intimate family care is indispensable to
every child's growth. The biggest risk for left-behind
children is that they lack family intimacy.
5. Which of the following hasn’t been done to
help the left-behind children?
A. Setting up special schools.
B. Offering charity funds.
C. Paying attention to their future development.
D. Bringing them to the cities to live with their parents.
P5: Many provinces in China have now set up special
schools to care for these children. Some provinces have
also established charity funds for their future
development. But experts add that with the numbers of
left-behind children rising rapidly, more efforts will be
needed by schools, society and rural families to care for
children in China's rural areas.
I. Conversation
1. — Mary, I’m afraid I have to be leaving
now.
— ___________________.
A. That sounds wonderful.
B. Oh, so early?
C. Not at all.
D. Good luck!
2. —Goodbye Julia, and thanks for inviting me.
I had a lovely time.
— Goodbye. _______________________. It was
a pleasure meeting you.
A. Go home with me.
B. Thank you for coming.
C. Do you have to get going?
D. I’m a little tired.
3. — Nice talking to you. But it’s late. I
really should be going.
— Okay. _____________________.
A. See you soon.
B. Is it so late?
C. So fast?
D. Let’s make it Friday.
4. — I'd like to say goodbye to everyone.
My plane leaves at 7:25.
— Well, ______________________.
A. sounds great
B. good for you
C. goodbye and have a good trip
D. it’s emergent
5. — I wonder if I could use your
computer this afternoon?
— _______________________.
A. Sure, go ahead.
B. I don’t know.
C. It doesn’t matter.
D. Who cares?
II. Reading Comprehension
• America is growing older. Fifty years
ago, only 4 out of every 100 people in
the United States were 65 or older.
Today, 10 out of every 100 Americans
are over 65. The aging of the population
will affect American society in many
ways — education, medicine, and
business. Quietly the graying of
America. has made us a very different
society — one in which people have a
quite different idea of what kind of
behavior is suitable at various ages.
• A person’s age no longer tells you
anything about his/her social position,
marriage or health. There’s no longer a
particular year in which one goes to
school or goes to work or gets married
or starts a family. The social clock that
kept us on time and told us when to go
to school, get a job, or stop working
isn’t as strong as it used to be.
• It doesn't surprise us to hear of a 29year-old university president or a 35year-old grandmother, or a 70-year-old
man who has become a father for the
first time. Public notions are changing.
• Many people say, "I am much younger
than my mother — or my father — was
at my age." No one says "act your age"
anymore. We've stopped looking with
surprise at older people who act in
youthful ways.
1. It can be learnt from the text that the aging of
the population in America _________.
A. has made people feel younger
B. has changed people’s social position
C. has changed people’s understanding of age
D. has slowed down the country’s social
development
P1: Quietly the graying of America. has made us a very
different society — one in which people have a quite
different idea of what kind of behavior is suitable at
various ages.
2. The underlined word “one” refers
to_______ .
A. a society B. America
C. a place
D. population
Quietly the graying of America. has made us a very
different society — one in which people have a quite
different idea of what kind of behavior is suitable at
various ages.
3. We can infer from the text that if a 25year-old man becomes general
manager of a big firm, the writer would
most probably consider it _________.
A. normal
B. wonderful
C. unbelievable
D. unreasonable
P2: There’s no longer a particular year in which one
goes to school or goes to work or gets married or
starts a family.
4. “Act your age” means people should
____ .
A. be active when they are old
B. do the right thing at the right age
C. show respect for their parents young
or old
D. take more physical exercise suitable
to their age
5. This passage is mainly about
____________________.
A. why American society is different
B. suitable behaviors at different age in
American’s eyes
C. how older people act in youthful ways in
America
D. how American people’s ideas about age
have changed
III. Vocabulary and Structure
1. This meeting will be the first
_________ between the party leaders
since the election.
A. occasion
B. encounter
C. experience
D. time
2. We've had 200 applicants for the job,
but we only plan to _________ about 20
of them.
A. interfere
B. interpret
C. interview
D. interrupt
3. They opened a _____________ to
provide temporary housing for the
city's homeless.
A. shadow
B. shield
C. shuttle
D. shelter
4. “Knowledge is power” may be the
truest saying and access to
information may be the most
______________ requirement of all
people today.
A. critical B. critique
C. critic
D. criticize
5. The firemen entered the building _____
fire through the roof.
A. at B. in
C. with D. on
6. Our house is about a mile from the
railway station and there are not many
houses _________.
A. in between
B. far apart
C. among them
D. from each other
7. Had you come five minutes earlier,
you _______ the bus to the airport. But
now you missed it.
A. would catch B. would have caught
C. could catch D. should catch
虚拟式条件句，从句用had done sth 表示与过去相反，
主句用would/should/could have done sth
If I had waken up earlier, I would not have been late
for school.
8. Today’s weather is _________ worse
than yesterday’s.
A. very
B. much
C. very much
D. much too
可修饰比较级的词：a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far,
many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等；还可以
用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
9. Neither John ________ his father was
able to wake up early enough to catch
the morning train.
A. or B. but
C. and D. nor
10. Charles regretted _______ the TV set
last year. The price has now come
down.
A. buying B. to buy
C. bought D. buy
与stop/ remember相似，regret to do 对将要做的事遗憾，
regret doing 对做过的事遗憾、后悔。例如：
I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice. 我很遗憾必
须这样去做，我实在没有办法。
I don't regret telling her what I thought. 我不为告诉她我的
想法而后悔。
Unit 10
IV. Cloze
• Most people feel lonely __1__, but it
usually only lasts __2__ a few minutes
and a few hours. This kind of loneliness
is not serious. __3__, it is quite normal.
For some people, though, loneliness
can last for years. Now researchers
say there are three different types of
loneliness.
• The first kind of loneliness is
temporary(暂时的. This is the __4__
common type. It usually disappears
quickly and does not require any __5__
attention.
• The second kind, situational loneliness,
is a natural result of a particular
situation---- __6__ example, a family
problem, the death of a __7__ one, or
moving to a new place.
• Although this kind of loneliness __8__
cause physical problems, such as
headaches and sleeplessness, it
usually does not last for more than a
year. The third kind of loneliness is the
most severe. __9__ the second type,
chronic(长期的) loneliness usually last
more than two yeas and has no
specific cause.
• People who experience habitual
loneliness have problems becoming
close to others. Unfortunately, many
chronically lone people think there is
__10__ or nothing they can do to
improve their condition.
• Most people feel lonely __1__, but it usually
only lasts __2__ a few minutes and a few
hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious.
__3__, it is quite normal. For some people,
though, loneliness can last for years. Now
researchers say there are three different
types of loneliness.
1. A. some time B. sometime C. Sometimes D. some
times
2. A. for
B. between C. during D. until
3. A. In fact B. To be frank C. However D. Surprisingly
The first kind of loneliness is
temporary(暂时的. This is the __4__
common type. It usually disappears
quickly and does not require any __5__
attention.
4. A. so B. much C. very D. most
5. A. special B. especial C. unique D. only
• The second kind, situational loneliness,
is a natural result of a particular
situation---- __6__ example, a family
problem, the death of a __7__ one, or
moving to a new place.
6. A. in B. for C. as
D. to
7. A. loved B. loving
C. lovely D. love
• Although this kind of loneliness __8__
cause physical problems, such as
headaches and sleeplessness, it usually
does not last for more than a year. The third
kind of loneliness is the most severe. __9__
the second type, chronic(长期的) loneliness
usually last more than two yeas and has no
specific cause.
8. A. must B. need
C. can
D. should
9. A. like B. dislike C. likely D. unlike
• People who experience habitual
loneliness have problems becoming
close to others. Unfortunately, many
chronically lone people think there is
__10__ or nothing they can do to
improve their condition.
10. A. a little B. little
C. a few D. few
V. Translation: Put the following
sentences into Chinese.
• 1. There are about 58 million leftbehind children in rural China and
over 40 million of them are under 14
years old.
在中国农村有5800万留守子女，其中4000多
万人年龄低于14岁。
• 2. The report found more than half of
the children left behind don’t live with
either parent.
报告发现这些留守儿童中半数以上不与
父母任何一方住在一起。
• 3. Since most of these children are at
a critical stage of development,
experts fear that they may develop
psychological problems stemming
from their parents’ absences.
由于这些儿童中大多数都处于发育的关键阶段，
专家们担心他们可能因为父母的缺席而发展
出心理问题。
• 4. The younger the child is, the more
family care the child requires.
孩子越小，需要的家庭照顾越多。
• 5. Many provinces in China have now
set up special schools to care for these
children.
中国许多省份现在都开办了专门学校，照顾
这些儿童。
VI. Writing
• You are required to write a
composition on the topic “Population
Control in China ” with no less than 80
words based on the outline given
below.
• 人口问题是当前中国最迫切的社会问题之一；
• 人口过剩带来了一些问题；
• 解决该问题的建议。
sample
• 人口问题是当前中国最迫切的社会问题之一；
• With a population accounting for
about 1/5 of that of the world,
overpopulation has become one of
the most serious problems in China.
• 人口过剩带来一些问题；
• Overpopulation has brought about a
series of negative effects to economic
development and social security. It
imposes a heavy burden on
environment, and becomes the source
of social unrest as the supply of labor
exceeds the demand of the society.
• 解决该问题的建议。
• Serious as the problem seems, we
have to take measures to tackle it.
Family planning policy must be further
carried on, and education needs to be
strengthened to increase the
awareness of the harms of
overpopulation.
Additional Information
• Social Issues in USA
Social issues
• Social issues are matters which directly or indirectly
affect many or all members of a society and are
considered to be problems, controversies related to
moral values, or both.
• Social issues include poverty, violence, pollution,
injustice, suppression of human rights,
discrimination, and crime, as well as abortion, gay
marriage, gun control, and religion, to name a few.
• Social issues are related to the fabric of the
community, including conflicts among the interests
of community members, and lie beyond the control
of any one individual.
Social issues in the United States
• Educational system
– State governments since the 1970s have
grappled with these issues of educational equity.
Despite these attempts, in 1992, the U.S. General
Accounting Office stated, "Although most states
pursued strategies to supplement the local
funding of poor school districts, wealthier
districts in 37 states had more total (state and
local combined) funding than poor districts in the
1991-92 school year. This disparity existed even
after adjusting for differences in geographic and
student need-related education costs
• Access to health insurance
– United States does not have universal health care
or a system of socialized medicine, although
programs such as Medicare and Medicaid
provide basic health insurance to elderly,
disabled, and poorer residents. For most
Americans, health insurance is provided as an
employee benefit, while unemployed, part-time,
and self-employed workers must pay for their
own insurance.
– A recent Harvard University study found that
medical bills are a leading cause of bankruptcy in
the United States.
• Illegal immigration
– Illegal immigration in the United States
has been a growing controversy in the
United States in the last few years. An
estimated 23 million illegal aliens, have
passed through American borders
predominantly from Latin America. The
debate over illegal immigration has
sparked protests and rallies on both sides
of the debate.
• Sexuality
– Controversies regarding sexuality have
become important in American politics
and legislation, focusing especially on
matters concerning abortion and LGBT
issues.
• Cost of living
– Every time the government raises the
minimum wage, prices must rise as well.
Some states have a cost of living wage
that requires a business to add an
additional wage to the minimum wage. The
workers make more money, then spend
more money, and this gradual inflation is
related to the rise in cost of living.
The End.
Thank you!