Verb Review
Transitive or Intransitive
Sit, Set, Lie, Lay, Rise and Raise
Subject-Verb agreement
Pronoun-Verb Agreement
Main and Helping
Action or Linking
Regular and Irregular
Tense
Transitive and Intransitive
 A transitive verb is a verb that expresses an action TOWARD
a person, place, thing or idea. The action passes from the
doer (subject) to the receiver (direct object-D.O.)
 Example: Tamisha entertained the child.
 Transitive verbs are always ACTION VERBS.
 An intransitive verb tells something about the subject or
expresses action without passing to a receiver or object.
 *Intransitive verbs DO NOT have a Direct Object!
 Example: My cousin plays every week.
 Intransitive verbs may be action or linking.
Transitive or Intransitive?
The girl scout gathered her Samoas and Tagalongs and sold
them at the local Kroger.
The girl scout gathered her Samoas and Tagalongs and sold
them at the local Kroger.
This sentence has a direct object, so it is transitive.
The reported details of the crash were terrifying.
The reported details of the crash were terrifying. (terrifying is a
predicate adjective)
This sentence has no direct object, so it is intransitive.
Sit, Set, Lie, Lay, Rise and Raise
 Sit –to rest in an upright position
 Set- to put or place an object
 Lie – to rest or recline
 Lay – to put or place an object
 Rise – to get up or go up
 Raise – to move something up, to grow something, or to
increase
 *sit and lie refer to a resting position
 *set and lay mean to “put an object somewhere”
Sit, Set, Lie, Lay, Rise and Raise
Carrie and Joan _____ early each morning and drink coffee.
Carrie and Joan rise early each morning and drink coffee.
The sun has _____ earlier than usual since the time changed.
The sun has risen earlier than usual since the time changed.
The sun has set earlier than usual since the time changed.
I _____ at 6:30 this morning.
I rose at 6:30 this morning.
Subject-Verb agreement
 The girls (is, are) ready for the basketball game.
 The girls (is, are) ready for the basketball game.
 The coach (will call, called) a time-out and talked about new
plays.
 The coach (will call, called) a time-out and talked about
new plays.
 The fans will now (observed, observe) the end of the game.
 The fans will now (observed, observe) the end of the game.
Subject-Verb Agreement
 Identify the tense of the underlined verb or verb phrase.
 The cat sits quietly.
 Present
 Julie is eating her hot dog.
 Present participle
 The mother rocked the baby to soothe his crying.
 Past
 Will you stay calm during the fire drill?
 future
Subject-Verb Agreement
Identify the tense of the underlined verb or verb
phrase.
 Erin has worn that shirt before.
 Present perfect and Past participle (they are the same)
 Ms. Agent will have covered ratios before the MCT2 test.
 Future perfect
 Had you driven past Malco Grand before today?
 Past perfect
 Remain calm!
 Present
Pronoun-Verb Agreement
Identify the tense of the underlined verb or verb phrase.
** Remember singular subjects have a verb that end in -s
He and Mary (has been, have been) partners all week.
have been – he and Mary are plural
Chelsea and they (is going, are going) to the mall after school.
are going – Chelsea and they is plural
(Is, Are) anyone attending the meeting in the morning?
Is – anyone is singular
Some of the marbles (has been, have been) lost.
Have been – marbles is plural
*If something is countable its is plural (fruit, kids).
*If something is not countable it is singular (water, sand).
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Pronoun - Antecedents
 The antecedent is the word or word group that the pronoun
represents.
 The pronoun should agree in number and gender with its
antecedent.
For example:
 The stable is large. It has stalls for thirty horses.
 My aunt sold her car.
 Nobody in the class finished his or her paper early.
 Either Miguel or Randall had his paintings on display.
Main and Helping Verbs
 A verb may be a singular word or consist of several words
known as a verb phrase.
 Main verb – the verb that carries the meaning of the action
or state of being.
 The dog barked all night.
 Helping (auxiliary) verb – A verb that comes before the
main verb in a verb phrase and helps to express action or
state of being.
 The dog has been fed by now.
Main and Helping Verbs
Identify the verb as main or helping.
 The cat sits quietly.
 Main verb
 Julie is eating her hot dog.
 Helping verb
 The mother rocked the baby to soothe his crying.
 Main verb
 Will you stay calm during the fire drill?
 Helping verb
Action and Linking Verbs
 Linking Verb – expresses state of being and connects the
subject to a predicate nominative or predicate adjective.
 The firefighters grew tired by the end of the night.
 Action Verb – expresses either mental or physical activity
 Sharon misunderstood my question.
Action and Linking Verbs
Identify the verb as action or linking.
 You can be stubborn at times.
 Linking verb
 He grew weary running up and down the platform.
 Linking Verb
 They will hear the expression in my voice.
 Action verb
 Will you stay calm during the fire drill?
 Action verb
Action and Linking Verbs
Identify the verb as action or linking.
 You are frustrating at times.
 Linking verb
 He seemed tired after track practice.
 Linking Verb
 They will note the irony in my tone.
 Action verb
 Will you develop the film on my camera?
 Action verb
Regular and Irregular Verbs
 Regular verbs – a verb that forms its past tense by adding –
d or –ed to the base (the base is the infinitive form without
“to.”) walk, walked, have walked, will walk, had walked, has
walked, will have walked.
 IrregularVerbs – a verb that forms its past tense in another
way besides adding –d or –ed. Sing, sang, have sung.
Regular and Irregular Verbs
Base
Present
Participle
Past
Past Participle
wash
is washing
washed
have washed
regular
run
is running
ran
have run
irregular
go
is going
gone
have gone
irregular
use
is using
used
have used
regular
write
is writing
wrote
have written
irregular
teach
is teaching
taught
have taught
irregular
raise
is raising
raised
have raised
irregular
Conjugate the tenses
MainVerb Present
Past
Future
Past
Perfect
Present
Perfect
Future
Perfect
eat
eat
ate
will eat
had eaten
have eaten
will have eaten
swim
swim
swam
will swim
had swum
have swum
will have swum
set
set
set
will set
had set
have set
will have set
sit
sat
will sit
had sat
have sat
will have sat
lie
lie
lay
will lie
had lain
have lain
will have lain
lay
lay
laid
will lay
had laid
have laid
will have laid
rise
rise
rose
will rise
had risen
have risen
will have risen
raise
raise
raised
will raise
had raised
have raised
will have raised
hear
hear
heard
will hear
had heard
have heard
will have heard
sit
Putting It All Together
The second-largest island of the United States, Kodiak
Island, (is,isare) located in the Gulf of Alaska. The thirteen
thousand people on Kodiak Island (is,are
are) mostly of
Scandinavian, Russian, or Native Arctic descent. The citizens of
call
areare)
Kodiak (call,
calls) Alaska the mainland. Sacks of mail (is,
flown there from the mainland. Industries in the community,
include
originally known as Kikhtak, (include,
includes) farming, fishing,
cans
and mining. One cannery on the island (cans,
can) salmon eggs,
or roe. Many residents on the mainland (considers,
consider)
consider
catch
roe a delicacy. Bears on this island (catch,
catches) fresh salmon.
creates
However, their search for leftovers often (create,
creates)
problems for Kodiak. The officials of one town (has,
have
have) had to
put a special bear-proof fence around the garbage dump.
(Source- p. 174 Language)
Agreement with Pronouns Practice
Choose the correct word in parentheses.
 Nearly everybody in Ruby Lee’s family (enjoy,
enjoys) tomato
enjoys
soup.
was
 Neither of them (was,
were) wearing a helmet.
 Each of the songs (is,isare) by Josephine Marie.
 Someone in the crowd (is,isare) waving a pennant, but I can’t tell
whether it’s Nick.
 No one (was,
were) listening to the speaker.
was
 (Do,
Does) either of them know how?
Does
have
 Most of the balloons (has,
have) long strings.
 All of the girls wearing purple uniforms (play,
plays) on the
play
softball team.
were
 Few of those songs (was,
were) composed by Duke Ellington.
Let’s See What You Know…
Which sentence does not use a present tense verb?
a. Quickly, go to the mines and collect as many diamonds as
you can.
b. Put the diamonds in this bucket, but do not approach the
mines if it is too dangerous.
c. If he had not returned in time, the balloon would have
launched without him.
d. Run to the platform and take the tarps off of the balloons.
Answer
Which sentence does not use a present tense verb?
a. Quickly, go to the mines and collect as many diamonds as
you can.
b. Put the diamonds in this bucket, but do not approach the
mines if it is too dangerous.
c. If he had not returned in time, the balloon would have
launched without him.
d. Run to the platform and take the tarps off of the
balloons.
Let’s Try Another One…
Which of the following sentences contains an adverb clause
and a future perfect verb?
a. Will you have completed your homework before you go to
the basketball game tonight?
b. Had you completed your homework on time, you would
not be in this predicament.
c. Has your father taught you how to fish in the deep blue sea?
d. Will you have completed that project in time?
Answer
Which of the following sentences contains an adverb clause
and a future perfect verb?
a. Will you have completed your homework before you
go to the basketball game tonight?
b. Had you completed your homework on time, you
would not be in this predicament.
c. Has your father taught you how to fish in the deep blue
sea?
d. Will you have completed that project in time?
And again…
Which of the following sentences is compound-complex
and contains a future tense verb?
 A. He must have had a horrible time of it, for he was not only
being thrashed by the bending trees and wind-whipped
underbrush of the jungle but was also going up and down with the
sickening motion of Krakatoa’s surface.
 B. The noise was formidable and the waves caused so much
damage that the people moved away from the tips of the islands in
great haste.
 C. I am going to sell these cuff links, build myself a balloon which
I will christen the Globe the Second, and I shall attach to this balloon
a basket house and a seagull catcher on which I am now working.
 D. I assure you that I must have been awfully close to death when
Captain Simon of the S.S. Cunningham sighted me and picked me
up twenty minutes after my crash.
Answer…
Which of the following sentences is compound-complex
and contains a future tense verb?
 A. He must have had a horrible time of it, for he was not only
being thrashed by the bending trees and wind-whipped
underbrush of the jungle but was also going up and down with the
sickening motion of Krakatoa’s surface.
 B. The noise was formidable and the waves cuased so much
damage that the people moved away from the tips of the islands in
great haste.
 C. I am going to sell these cuff links, build myself a balloon which
I will christen the Globe the Second, and I shall attach to this balloon
a basket house and a seagull catcher on which I am now working.
 D. I assure you that I must have been awfully close to death when
Captain Simon of the S.S. Cunningham sighted me and picked me
up twenty minutes after my crash.
Last one…
Which of the following sentences does not use at least one
regular verb in the past tense?
 A. The residents crafted a unique contraption that allowed
them to escape the island during a volcanic eruption.
 B. The captain commissioned his crew to save Professor
Sherman’s life.
 C. The noise was formidable and the waves caused so much
damage that the people moved away from the tips of the
island.
 D. They brought with them all of the food from Mrs. D.’s
kitchen.
Answer…
Which of the following sentences does not use at least one
regular verb in the past tense?
 A. The residents crafted a unique contraption that allowed
them to escape the island during a volcanic eruption.
 B. The captain commissioned his crew to save Professor
Sherman’s life.
 C. The noise was formidable and the waves caused so much
damage that the people moved away from the tips of the
island.
 D. They brought with them all of the food from Mrs. D.’s
kitchen.