FRBRoo Based Metadata Description
and Integration for Art Collections
An Ontology Approach
Presenter: Ya-Ning Chen
Ya-Ning Chen1 & Hao-Ren Ke2
1Computing
Center, Academia Sinica
2Graduate Institute of Library & Information
Studies, National Taiwan Normal University
Outline
• Background
– TELDAP(Taiwan E-Learning and Digital Archives
Program, 2008-2012, prior project: NDAP)
– Heterogeneous metadata description and integration
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Proposed Approach
Use Case
Evaluation
Discussion
Conclusion
BACKGROUND
Development in Taiwan
An island with multi-culture
and a myriad of creatures
 Land: 36K km2
 Population: 23M
 A melting pot of multiple
cultures, including:
- Chinese (Holoh,
Hakka…)
- 20+ indigenous tribes
- Immigrants from
Vietnam, Indonesia,
Thailand…
Home to more than 46,000
species of flora and fauna
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Content Types
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Anthropology
Archaeology
Architecture
Archive
Artifact
Audio & Video
Botany
Calligraphy & Painting
Chinese Classics
Geology
Journalism & Mass Media
Language
Map & Remote Sensing
Rare Book
Rubbing
Zoology
5
PLATFORM: Union Catalog
http://catalog.digitalarchives.tw/
• The Union Catalog of
TELDAP contains millions
of digital objects from
local & overseas content
holders.
Metadata: 5,152,805
Images: 4,012,959
Multimedia: 48,597
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metadata
ISSUE
Heterogeneous Metadata Integration
• An interoperability issue
• Diversity
– Various communities, including archives, libraries,
museums and herbariums.
– Various metadata formats and their records, such as
CDWA, EAD, DC(Dublin Core), MARC, and so on.
• Current approach
– DC-based mapping or crosswalk
– Semantic relations embedded in metadata elements are
ignored and lost during mapping.
Proposed Approach
• Inter lingua: FRBRoo
• Path-based mapping between metadata elements and
FRBRoo (Kondylakis et al., 2006)
– Semantic crosswalk
– Semantic relations
– Core classes and properties
• Tools: TopBraid
• Use Case
– The collections of Hwa Kang Museum (HKM) of Chinese
Cultural University.
– The collections of Chinese Antiquities at the National Palace
Museum (NPM)
• Question Answering (QA) based Evaluation
FRBROO
FRBR
• FRBR: Functional Requirements for
Bibliographic Records.
• FRBR is a conceptual model for bibliographic
records for literary and artistic works released
by IFLA(International Federation of Library
Associations and Institutions) in 1998.
• FRBR can be also regarded as an ontology for
bibliographic universe for libraries.
CIDOC CRM
• A Conceptual Reference Model for museums
released by International Committee for
Documentation of the ICOM(International
Council of Museums) in 1999.
• In 2006 CIDOC CRM was completed with its
acceptance as the ISO 21127 standard.
FRBRoo
FRBRoo
Align together
FRBR
From ER model to OO Model
CIDOC CRM
USE CASE
HKM
Digitized into
Original
Items
Multispectral
images
Digital
images
Described by
Described by
Dublin
Core
Exported into
Digitized into
CDWA
TELDAP
Union Catalog
Converted from
CDWA into DC
A: Metadata and DL system
Original
Item A
NPM
Has participated in
Event
An international
Exhibition
Is part of
Is a topic of
Original
Item B
B: Metadata and DL system
Is described by
Published Journal
Article
The National Palace Museum Monthly
of Chinese Art 故宮文物月刊
PATH-BASED MAPPING
Path-based mapping-1
Target Domain
Target Path
Source Domain
Target Range
Source Range
Source Path
FRBRoo Entity
Metadata
Element
Target Path
Source Path
FRBRoo Entity
Metadata
Element
Path-based mapping-2
Museum’s Object
E77 Persistent
Item
E39 Actor
E21 Person
E14 Group
Hierarchical Relation
• /E77 Persistent Item/E39 Actor
• /E77 Persistent Item/E39 Actor/E 21 Person
• /E77 Persistent Item/E39 Actor/E 14 Group
DC’s Creator
or Contributor
Path-based mapping-3
Literary Work-Library
P14 carried out
by(performed)
F27 Work
Conception
E39 Actor
E21 Person
E14 Group
Semantic Relation
/F27 Work Conception/P14
by(performed)/E39 Actor
carried
out
DC’s Creator
or Contributor
TOPBRAID IMPLEMENTATION
FRBRoo of TopBraid
EVALUATION
QA1
• An artifact of museum has transferred the right from
creator to museum through an acquisition event and
has various formats of digital images.
Right owner
Right creator
Autumn Begins
立秋
Acquisition
Event
Various digital formats for
the same original item.
Source: http://catalog.digitalarchives.tw/item/00/11/b1/df.html
QA2
• Discover a museum’s artifact that has been
involved in an international exhibition held in
Germany and selected as a topic in a published
journal article.
Grid trellis of Round Treasure Box with Indian Lotus Décor
(Ch’ing dynasty, Chinese: 清 竹絲纏枝番蓮圓盒多寶格)
Source: http://catalog.digitalarchives.tw/item/00/0c/c6/93.html
Discussion
• One-to-one principle
– A shared classes and properties of FRBRoo
– Semantic relationships and queries
• Ontology-based alignment of heterogeneous
metadata integration for museum’s objects and
library’s literary works
– Keep two different documentation approaches intact
and parallel
– Align rather than to change one approach and its
metadata to fit the other
Conclusion
• FRBRoo: an inter lingua (i.e., a shared
ontology)
• Explicit semantic relationships embedded in
metadata elements
• Transform human-understandable metadata
into machine- readable and understandable
representation with RDF’s expression
• Semantic query
• A shift toward the semantic web
Thanks for your attention.