HOW UNITED NATIONS
PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS FUNCTION
By
Kyasama Peter [Uganda]
Steen [Denmark]
Support
Director of Mission
Support/ Chief Mission of
Support (DMS/CMSA)
Admin
Services
Substantive
Special Rep of the SG or Head
of Mission (SRSG/HOM)
Chief of
Staff
(COS)
Deputy
SRSG/Deputy
HOM
Deputy
SRSG/Resident
Coordinator
Integrated
Support
Services
Safety &
Security
Mission
Mandate
Beneficiaries
Substantive Components
Provides services to
Provides services to
Authority, Command & Control in
UN Peacekeeping Operations
Security Council
Strategic
Secretary-General
UN Secretariat
Under-Security-General DPKO
Head of Mission
Operational
Mission Headquaters
&
Leadership Team
Components Heads
Civilian Units
Tactical
Military Units
Regional Offices
Police Units
Authority, Command & Control in
UN Peacekeeping Operations
Exercises „operational
authority over all civilian,
military and police personal
in a PKO
Head of Mission
Mission Headquaters
&
Leadership Team
Components Heads
Special Representative of
The Secretary-General
(SRSG) in multi-dimensional
PKOs (usually civilian)
Civilian Units
Military Units
May also Head of Military Component in
traditional peacekeeping operations
(a senior Military officer)
Regional Offices
Police Units
Other Positions of Authority
Head of Mission
(HOM)
Head of Military
Component
(HOMC)
Head of Police
Component
(HOPC)
Exercise „UN Operational
Control“
Exercices „UN Operational
Control“
May delegated „UN Tactical
Control“ of military personal to
subordinate military commanders
May delegated specific authority
for individual officers & FPUs to
subordinate police officers
May also be HOM in tradional
Missions
Normally appointed as the
mission Police Commissioner
(PC)
Key Civilian Authority Positions
Director or Chief of Mission Support
(DMS or CMS)
- Responsible for ensuring provision of the nessary
logistics and administrativ support to the mission
The Chief of Staff (COS)
- performs a senior level staff and advisory function for the
HOM and the senior management of the mission
- E.g. Integrated management and coordination of
mission activities, policy and planning
Management Structures
Senior Management Group (SMG)
Mission Leadership Team (MLT)
SRSG / HOM
COS
DSRSG / HC / RC
Political Electoral
HOPC
Civil
Affairs
DSRSG
Human
Rights
HOMC
Safety & Spokes
Security person
DMS / CMS
Legal
Affairs
Public
Information
All peacekeeping personnel must have
a basic understanding of
• The important contribution of each component
and function within a mission
• The main tasks of the different components and
functions in a mission and how/when to help
each other in achieving the mandate
•
Military Civilian
The different national,
Police
institutional or professional
cultures within the mission
The Military Component
In traditional peacekeeping operations:
- monitor or supervise military arrangements that parties to a
conflict have agreed upon
In multi-dimensional peasekeeping operations:
- create a secure and stable enviroment for other elements of
the peace process to be implemented
- e.g. Human rights monitoring, national reconciliation and
distribution of humanitarian assistance
3 Main Categories of
Military Personnel in PKO
Formed Military
Units or
Contingents
Military Experts
on
Mission
Staff Officers
in
Mission
e.g.
e.g.
Specialized
Companies
Military Observers
Functions at
Battalions
Mil. Liason Officers
Mission force HQ
Brigades
Military Advisior
or in joint mission
Arms Minitors
structures
The UN Police Component
(UNPOL)
• Play a critical role in establishing public safety and preventing
crimes, as well as facilitating the ROL law.
• Collaborate closely with civilian components such as human
rights, judicial and civil affairs and corrections.
• Either deployed as:
Individual UN
Police Officer
or
Formed Police
Units (FPUs)
The Civilian Components
Substantive Components:
• Limited number in traditional PKOs
• Many substantive components in multi-dimensional PKOs
- e.g. Political affairs, civil affairs,
human rights, gender, public information etc.
Support Components:
- Provide necessary logistics
and administrative support
UN Field Mission Service Provision
Director of Mission Support
Chief of Mission Support
Integrated
Support
Service
Movement
Control
Transport
Engineering
Joint Logistics
Operations
Centre (JLOC)
Communication
and Information
Technology
CITS
Aviation Section
Supply Section
Admininstrativ
Services
Special Representative of the Secretary-General
Or Head of Mission
Chief of Staff
COS
Deputy SRSG
Deputy HOM
Deputy SRSG
Res Coordinator
Civil Affairs
Office of the
Spokesperson
POLICE
Legal Affairs Off
Political Affairs
Laison Officer
Role of Law
Gender
Return, Recovery
Reintegration
DDR
HIV / AIDS
Protection
Mine Action
Electoral Affairs
Publ. Information
Office
Joint Mission
Analysis Centre
Field Office
Joint Operations
Centre
Human Rights
Finance
Office
Medical Unit
Military
Procurement
General
Joint Military
Committee
Office
Service Unit
Safety and
Security
Support
Mission
Mandate
Beneficaries
Substantive
Provide Service To
Provide Service To
Functions and Activities Within a
Multi-dimensional PKMission
Civilian
Substantive
• Developing Disarmament, Demobilization, and
Reintegration (DDR) programs with military,
humanitarian, and development partners
• Electoral assistance
• Gender mainstreaming
• Justice and corrections
• Mine action assistance
• Public relations and communications
• Building human rights and rule of law
• Capacity building of the host country government
• Support to emergence of legitimate political
institutions and participatory processes
Functions and Activities Within a
Multi-dimensional PKMission
Civilian
•
•
•
•
Mission Support
Administrative services
Ensuring health and safety of mission personnel
Communications
Financial support: preparation and execution of mission
budget, paying staff and vendors
• Logistical support to all components
• Recruitment, training, and career development
• Monitoring mission compliance with local laws an
respect for UN privileges and immunities and
statusofforces or statusofmission agreement
Functions and Activities Within a
Multi-dimensional PKMission
Military
• Security Sector
• Provision of a secure environment, through:
–
–
–
–
O
o
o
o
Conducting patrols
Establishing and operating checkpoints
Securing major routes to facilitate mobility
Securing key facilities (hospitals, power plants,
police recruiting stations, etc.)
Functions and Activities Within a
Multi-dimensional PKMission
Police
•
•
•
•
Restoration of rule of law
Reform of host country police services
Vetting, training, and mentoring of host country police
Providing public order and responding to public security
challenges, through:
–
–
–
–
o Static guard and close protection duties for dignitaries
o Preventive patrols and checkpoints
o Tactical support for highrisk operations
o Security for demonstrations
• Provision of executive policing (in the absence of an
established national police framework)
Joint or Integrated Structures
Integrated Support Services (ISS):
- Provides logistics support to all mission components
Joint Operations Centre (JLOC):
only in PKing operations with military logistics units
Joint Mission Analysis Centre (JMAC):
- Assists HOM to gather and analyse information on
threats to mandate implementation
Joint Operational Centres (JOC):
- Assists HOM to remain aware of operational situation in
mission area
Conclusion
• As you will not only work with hundreds or
even thousands of people in the operation,
you need not only understand your work, but
also how it affects and is
affected by the
work of other components in the mission
• you also need to understand the authority,
command and control structures which
direct and guide your work as a peacekeeper.
• the task we have just done to enable you
appreciate the system.
UN PDT CIT (2009-2010)
19