Developments needed in Curricula
to prepare Military Officers and
Defence Officials for their Roles in
dealing with Future Defence and
Security Challenges
Sequence




Future Security Challenges / Issues
Moot Points
Curriculum
Conclusion
Introduction

If no nuclear holocaust takes place, then
conventional war appears to be in the final
stages of abolishing itself; if one does take
place, then it will already have abolished
itself. This dilemma does not mean that
perpetual peace is on its way, much less
that organized violence is coming to an end.
As war between states exits through one
side of history’s revolving door, lowintensity conflict among different
organizations will enter through the other
Introduction
Future Security Challenges / Issues

Terrorism

976 major acts of international terrorism
committed from year 2003 to 2005 with an
annual average of 325
Ian Bellany
Pakistan’s Role in Countering
Terrorism

In 2006, in Pakistan 657 terrorist attacks,
including 41 of sectarian nature were
perpetrated, leaving 907 people dead and
1,543 others injured
‘Pak Institute for Peace Studies’
 Pakistan is signatory to 11 United Nations
Counter Terrorism conventions
Pakistan’s Role in Countering Terrorism

Pakistan has signed extradition treaties with
thirty countries

Enhancing cooperating with ASEAN Regional
Forum

Cooperating with coalition partners in
Afghanistan
Pakistan’s Role in Countering Terrorism

Captured more terrorists, especially over 600
linked with Al-Qaida

Committed some 80,000 troops along its
Western Borders

Pakistan has so far lost 900 personnel in
counter terrorist operations in areas close to
Pakistan – Afghanistan Border
Future Security Challenges / Issues

Proliferation of Weapons of Mass
Destruction (WMD)
Future Security Challenges / Issues

Extremism

At the national and international levels,
unjust economic, social and political systems
which really spawn violations of economic,
social, cultural, civil and political rights,
contribute to the birth and nurturing of
extremism which ultimately leads to
terrorism
Future Security Challenges / Issues

Extremism
 To
break the synergy between politico-
religious extremism, major powers should
avoid the double standards, discriminatory
approach, intolerance, unwillingness to
compromise
Future Security Challenges / Issues

Role of Non State Actors
 pursue
their own agenda, protect their own
interests and have loyalties only to
themselves, hence further complicate the
global security environment
Future Security Challenges / Issues

Asymmetric Warfare / Threats

Radical groups and relatively weaker non-state
actors are using unexpected means to deal
stunning blows to more powerful opponents

The modern means and modes such as
information and cyber warfare make them ever
more evasive and lethal
Future Security Challenges / Issues

Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW)

Combat Military Operations may include, counter
terrorism / counter insurgency operations, UN
operations (Chapter 7), counter drug / weapons and
anti piracy operations, participation in coalition
operations, enforcement of maritime regimes and
exclusion zone
Future Security Challenges / Issues

Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW)

Non combat military operations may include, disaster
relief operations, UN operations (Chapter 6), nation
building /reconstruction / support operations, security /
law and order, evacuation, search and rescue,
ordnance disposal, salvage, arson / accidental fire and
humanitarian assistance and epidemic control
Future Security Challenges / Issues

Role of Media

Media through focus on violence can
negatively contribute to conflict escalation and
distort the public's perceptions of the situation

Where it can accrue, if managed adroitly,
numerous advantages, it can be an effective
propaganda tool in the hands of terrorists
which they will use for both tactical and
strategic gains
Moot Points

What is the concept or our understanding of
Global War on Terror?

Lack of agreement on a definition of terrorism

Divergence in political aims

No single country is capable of fighting global
terrorism single handedly

Mutual trust and understanding of each others
capacities/capabilities and limitations
Curriculum

Formulation of National Asymmetric War / Low
Intensity Conflict (LIC) Strategy

Military Doctrine on LIC

Determination of clear threat

Doctrine may incorporate the following:
Concept of low intensity conflict

The threat perception/assessment

Role of various law enforcing agencies

Role of Military and its various arms and services

Training

Logistics

Legal aspects
Curriculum

Psychological aspects

Understanding and objective evaluation of
environment

Intelligence

Media management
Curriculum

Leadership doctrines to develop junior leaders
for operations under highly decentralized
environment

Impact of technology on future operations

Joint planning and interoperability

Complete understanding of the nature of conflict

Art of negotiation
Curriculum

Legal matters

Interrogation/handling of information

Disaster Management; Planning / Organization
and conduct of relief and rehabilitation
operations

Impact of information and cyber warfare

Seminars, exercises and dialogues at ARF level
to intermittently exchange views and share
experiences
Training Curriculum for Junior Military
Leaders

A thorough understanding of the background of the
conflict

Hostage rescue techniques and drills

Cordon and search

Counter mobility

Checking of various documents

Small combat team training capable of independent,
rapid and decisive engagement and adapting quickly
to prevalent condition
Training Curriculum for Junior Military
Leaders

Psychological operations and public relations

Art of negotiations and persuasion

Interrogation

Manipulation of military measures including civic
actions

Handling of information

Media handling
Training of Individual Solider

Build superb physical stamina and endurance

Expertise in handling a variety of weapons

Sniping/sharp shooting to pick up targets in
population centers

Handling of global positioning system, night vision
devices

To be able to act independently, in absence of
comprehensive orders or breakdown in
communication
Training of Individual Solider

Initiative, mental mobility and quick reflexes

Adaptability to local conditions and ability to blend
with the populace

Knowledge about modus operandi, strategy and
weaknesses of the terrorists/insurgents

Technique of fighting in Built Up Areas

Techniques of movement both mounted and
dismounted, including efficient driving
Training of Individual Solider

Handling of explosive

Emplaning, deplaning and repelling

Know-how about martial arts

Survival under conditions of stress and strain

A very high degree of motivation, esprit de corps and
devotion to the cause

Ability to operate with minimum logistics

Expertise in night navigation and specialized
operations

Awareness of human rights, sensitivities and social
ethics of the area of operation
Conclusion