by
ACRC
(Anti-Corruption & Civil Rights Commission, Republic of Korea)
1. Concept and Background
Lord Kelvin (British physicist)
Concept of Integrity Assessment
An innovative initiative to encourage public institutions
to engage in voluntary efforts to prevent corruption
by regularly assessing and disclosing
the integrity levels at public institutions
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1. Concept and Background
Background
Integrity Assessment
Initiative
Solutions
Introduce scientific
Implement
preventive measures assessment model
for corruption-causing
factors
Promote citizens’
rights to know
and participation
Problems
Reactive approach
based on
crackdown
and punishment
Limits of
conventional
corruption
assessment models
Growing
public awareness
about corruption
issues
Efficiency
Accuracy
Transparency
Values
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2. Objectives and Features
Objectives
Understand trends in corruption levels
of public organizations
Identify corruption-prone areas
in the public sector and root causes
of corruption
Encourage public institutions
to engage in voluntary anti-corruption efforts
Provide basic data for devising government-wide
anti-corruption strategies
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2. Objectives and Features
Features
?
Areas to be assessed
Individual organizations
and their specific tasks
Persons to be surveyed
First-hand service users
and internal staff of
public organizations
Survey questions
Personal perception
of corruption & actual
experience with corrupt
practices
(offering of money, gifts,
entertainment or favors)
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2. Objectives and Features
Features
++
A
Data sources
Assessment results
Phone or online
surveys & statistics
on the public
officials punished
for corrupt acts
Disclosed to relevant
organizations and
the media
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3. History of development
1999-2001 2002
2007
2008
2012
2013
Developed, Officially
Introduced
Revamped the Conducted
To conduct
tested &
improved
the integrity
assessment
model
internal
integrity
assessment
methods
assessment
the 11th
model (to the
assessment
current system) (627
organizations,
2,507 lines of
work, about
240,000
people)
the 12th
assessment
(653
organizations,
2,628 lines of
work, about
240,000
people)
conducted
the 1st
assessment
(71 organizations,
348 lines of work,
about 30,000
people)
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4. Assessment Model Structure
Integrity Assessment Model (2013)
External
integrity
Internal
integrity
(Deducted)
How transparently and accountably public officials
carry out duties without committing corruption
Levels of corruption in managerial activities,
institutional practices and organizational culture
Policy
customer
evaluation
Levels of corruption in the processes
of determining and executing policies
Cases of
Corruption
Statistics on employees punished for their corruption
or corruption cases reported in media
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5. Effectiveness
Provide accurate information on the current status of corruption
Reliable data is collected by surveying some 240,000 people
Provide an effective tool to encourage voluntary anti-corruption efforts
Analysis of corruption-prone areas in each public organization
Raise public awareness about corruption in the public sector
Results are disclosed though the media to raise the issue of corruption
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5. Effectiveness
Low integrity, no promotion
Gyeonggi provincial governments
trying hard to enhance integrity
scores
Local governments to take drastic
measures to come out on the
bottom in the Integrity Index
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6. Achievements
Integrity levels have continued to improve in the public sector
Integrity Index and rate of offering money, gifts and entertainment to public officials
8.38
8.68
8.77
8.89
8.20
8.51
8.44
8.43
7.71
7.86
7.86
6.43
Comprehensive Integrity (points)
4.1
Offering entertainment (%)
3.5
Offering money / gifts (%)
Offering money / gifts / entertainment (%)
1.5
2002
2003
2004
0.9
2005
0.7
2006
0.5
2007
0.6
0.3
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.29
0.5
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.25
2011
2012
2013
2008
2009
2010
*Time series interrupted in 2012 due to modification of the model
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7. International Recognition & Technical Assistance
Winner of 2012 UN Public Service Awards
in the category of Preventing &
Combating Corruption
at the UN Headquarters in New York
on June 25, 2012.
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Contact Information
Mr. Dong Hyun Kim
Deputy Director, Anti-Corruption Survey & Evaluation Division
Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission
Republic of Korea
Tel: 82-2-360-6548
Fax: 82-2-360-3547
E-mail: kimdhyun@korea.kr