20130425/HNR: V1.0 John Bernander, Bioenergi som motor, Oslo 13 .11. 2013 Og Bakom synger skogen TOTAL WORLD ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY SOURCE (2010) Waste Heat Geothermal Biomass Solar Thermal Renewables Biomass heat Wind, sun and biomass. Source: Wikipedia Total Fossil fuels Nuclear Renewables p.3 80,6 % 2,7 % 16,7 % Source: Wikipedia 11,44 % Solar hotwater 0,17 % Geothermal heat 0,12 % Hydropower 3,34 % Ethanol 0,50 % Biodiesel 0,17 % Biomass electricity 0,28 % Wind power 0,51 % Geothermal electricity 0,07 % Solar PV power 0,06 % Solar CSP 0,002 % Ocean power 0,001 % Waste Heat TWO MAIN MODES OF OPERATION: 1 2 ELECTRICAL POWER ONLY 100 % 1 POWER ONLY 18 % 2 CHP Geothermal Biomass Solar Thermal COMBINED HEAT AND POWER (CHP) 100 % 12 % ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY 88 % -Utilization of otherwise wasted heat -Output heat is cooled away, but at a much lower temp. p.4 HEAT HEAT USEFUL HEAT HEAT PRODUCED HEAT HEAT WASTE HEAT WASTE HEAT 82 % -For CHP systems, the heat is usually the main product -Output heat is therefore utilized (hot water etc.) Waste Heat ONE OUT OF MANY INTERESTING EXAMPLES: Geothermal Biomass Solar Thermal By generating 10 % electricity from existing biomass-fuelled heat (11.44 % of world total), one could cover up to as much as 20 times the entire PV production, or one third of the entire hydropower production! Translated into 10 kW CraftEngines, this means: 200.000.000 Example calculation (10 % of biomass heat): 1. 11,44 % * 10 % / 0,06 % ≈ 20 times! 2. 100 GW x 20 / 10 kW = 200.000.000 units… Wikipedia on PV capacity: “And by end of 2012, the 100 GW installed capacity milestone was achieved.” Obviously, the short term reality doesn’t look “quite” like this, but the potential is clearly shown, and that’s the important point! p.5 A UNIVERSAL TOOL FOR SMALL-SCALE POWER GENERATION FROM RENEWABLE HEAT SOURCES Waste Heat Geothermal Biomass Solar Thermal (CraftEngine expander/ piston engine – actual design) The CRAFTENGINE p.6 The heart of the CRAFTENGINE: The CRAFTENGINE piston engine/expander Waste Heat WHAT THE CRAFTENGINE IS AND WHAT IT DOES PRINCIPLE 190 cm Geothermal Biomass Solar Thermal EL Heat and Power Output HEAT HEAT Heat Input 120 cm 60 cm HIGHLIGHTS CraftEngine > Novel patented automotive-designed engine technology for local/distributed power generation > Converts heat from any* heat source into electricity – Typ. cost € 0,04 – € 0,12 per kWh Also: > Extremely broad input temperature range starting at approx. 80 °C > Enormous market size within waste heat, geothermal, biomass and solar segments *Any p.7 heat source with a temperature from approx. 80 °C and upwards may be used as input energy source to produce electricity WHAT MAKES THE CRAFTENGINE REALLY UNIQUE: IT GENERATES POWER FROM ALL THE FOUR MAIN RENEWABLE HEAT SOURCES: Waste Heat Biomass p.8 Geothermal Solar Thermal Waste Heat EXHAUST GAS RECOVERY (EGR) – THE PRINCIPLE Geothermal Biomass Solar Thermal Test partner/customer ENERGY FLOW EXAMPLE MWM, Germany (part of caterpillar) -Power generation from gas engine exhaust heat € 4,0 cent/kWh Payback 1,4 years Exhaust gas Output (residual) heat HEAT HEAT Exhaust gas heat exchanger CraftEngine system Air-cooled condenser Demonstration customer Generator sets/combustion engines (natural gas, biogas, landfill gas, sewage gas, mine gas, diesel, etc.) -May increase fuel efficiency by up to 5 – 7 % p.9 BE Aerospace, USA -Power generation from diesel engine exhaust heat € 4,0 cent/kWh Payback 1,4 years Waste Heat POWER GENERATION FROM WASTE INCINERATORS FLUE GAS HEAT FROM WASTE INCINERATORS HEAT SOURCES WASTE HEAT FROM WASTE INCINERATOR PLANTS Biomass Solar Thermal Test partner/customer Returkraft AS, Norway -Waste heat power generation from a waste incinerator plant € 4,0 cent/kWh Payback 1,4 years ENERGY FLOW EXAMPLE Flue gas HEAT Incinerator Flue gas heat exchanger - Enables great savings or profits from ‘simply’ burning waste p.10 Geothermal HEAT CraftEngine system Air-cooled condenser Waste Heat COMBINED HEAT AND POWER GENERATION FROM BIOMASS BOILERS DISTRICT HEATING PLANTS/HEATING STATIONS SOME APPLICATIONS AGRICULTURAL FACILITIES Biomass Solar Thermal Development/test partners ETA Heiztechnik GmbH, At. (BIOS Bioenergiesysteme Gmbh, At.) ENERGY FLOW EXAMPLE -El. production from a hightemperature biomass boiler € 12,0 cent/kWh Payback 2,6 years Pilot partner/customer EL Hot water HEAT Heat and power output Veggli Bio AS, Norway -El. production from a hightemperature biomass boiler € 12,0 cent/kWh Payback 2,6 years HEAT Biomass (wood chip) boiler CraftEngine system Energy consumers - The CraftEngine adds value by enabling electricity production in addition to heat production p.11 Geothermal CRAFTENGINE – BIOMASS APPLICATION Agricultural Market p.12 Residential Market Waste Heat BIOMASS SEEN IN COMBINATION WITH WASTE HEAT, GEOTHERMAL AND SOLAR DISTRICT HEATING PLANTS/HEATING STATIONS A FEW QUICK FACTS SOME APPLICATIONS AGRICULTURAL FACILITIES -For example, all wood gas and biogas engines produce waste heat that can be further utilized by a CraftEngine to generate even more electricity. -It has been stated that it could be a wise decision in the not so very far future to complement biomass heating stations with drilled geothermal wells (Prof. P. H. Heyerdahl, UMB. The reasons are best explained by him.) -Solar thermal systems only produce heat when there is sunlight. Biomass is a natural complement to this in order to provide continuous energy supply, both for heat and electricity, and eventually cooling*. * By use of e.g. absorption chillers p.13 Geothermal Biomass Solar Thermal CRAFTENGINE – BIOMASS APPLICATION – WOOD DRYER p.14 CRAFTENGINE – BIOMASS APPLICATION Illustration of a heating container with a 200kW wood chip boiler + 50kW oil thermal boiler + CraftEngine p.15 CRAFTENGINE – BIOMASS MARKET – PILOT PROJECT Load (kWth) Primary boilers (2x200KW) (normal temperature output, 60-90°C) Secondary boiler (1x50KW) (condenser temperature output, 60 - 80°C) Annual operating hours p.16 Waste Heat RENEWABLE THERMAL ENERGY MARKETS – SUMMARY COST APPLICATIONS MARKET SEGMENTS Waste Heat Recovery Biomass Solar Thermal Geothermal Biomass CraftEngine may be used in conjunction with virtually any waste heat source in order to generate electricity and/or heat. CraftEngine will generate electricity and heat from a majority of the current geothermal sources. Beginning at approximately 80 °C and from 30 kW and upwards, the CraftEngine covers the widest range of waste heat sources. The CraftEngine is equally suitable for geothermal hot springs as well as engineered/enhanced geothermal wells with minimum temperatures / power capacities of around 80 °C / 50 kW. CraftEngine is ideally suited to generate electricity and heat from high-temperature biomass boilers as well as conventional boilers as long as the temperature is sufficiently high. CraftEngine may be used in conjunction with modern and conventional solar thermal collector technologies in order to generate electricity, heat and/or cooling. CraftEngine may also be retrofitted on existing systems where thermal output is at minimum 80 °C / 30kW. CraftEngine may also be retrofitted on existing systems where thermal output is at minimum 80 °C / 30kW. Waste heat from Combustion Engines, Mineral, Metal, Chemical and Medical Industries, Oil & Gas, Marine Vessels, Waste Incinerators, Food and Dairy plants etc. Energy supply to Hotels, Farms, Apartment Buildings, Office Buildings, Factories, Energy companies etc Energy supply to Farms, Heating Centrals, Hotels, Office buildings, Apartment buildings, Private households, Factories, Backup systems, Drying Applications etc Energy supply to Schools, Hospitals, Apartment Buildings, Office Buildings, Hotels, Farms, Shopping Malls, Private Households, Factories etc Production cost per kWh electricity (typical): Production cost per kWh electricity (typical): Production cost per kWh electricity (typical): Production cost per kWh electricity: € 4,0 cent/kWh € 4,0 cent/kWh € 12 cent/kWh Payback time (typ.): 1,4 years p.17 Geothermal Payback time (typ.): 1,4 years Cost of heat: € 4,0 cent/kWh Payback time (typ.): 2,6 years Solar Thermal Solar partner input Payback time: Solar partner input Other ORCs Steam Engines Stirling Engines (ICE) (PV) CHART – SPECIFIC COST VS. POWER OUTPUT (Cost levels are not absolute, but represent typical examples) 25000 20000 10000 5000 4000 SPECIFIC COST | € /kW| 15000 (Photovoltaics) 3000 2000 1000 (€/kW) POWER OUTPUT |kWe| 1 (kWe) 2 5 10 20 50 100 200 300 400 500 (The CraftEngine cost is based on actual costs from manufacturer (AVL) and sub-suppliers.) p.18 600 700 800 1000 (Power bounds are not absolute, but represent typical conditions) WHY ARE SMALL SCALES SO “HOT”? Sales volume potential increases with smaller scale: • • • • Annual waste heat potential in the tens of thousands range Annual geothermal potential in the thousands range Annual biomass potential in the thousands range Annual solar thermal potential in the thousands range > 10MW Large-scale 1 – 10 MW Medium scale CraftEngine 50 kW – 1 MW Small scale 5 – 50 kW Mini scale < 5 kW Micro scale Relative sales volume potential p.19 CraftEngine “only” Utfordringer i Norge • Logistikk skog og konsument • Største bruker • Vannbåren varme • Mottaksplikt strøm • Incentiv installasjon/feed in tariff • Kraftoverskudd Østre Strandgate 40 P.O. Box 22 N-4661 Kristiansand NORWAY Walter-Freitag-Str. 16 D-42899 Remscheid GERMANY Tel: +47 38 10 41 00 Fax: +47 38 02 08 40 E–mail: firmapost@vdg.no www.vdg.no Tel: +49 (0)2191 950 0 Fax: +49 (0)2191 950 19 140 E-mail: info@avl-schrick.com www.avl-schrick.com