The Developing World
Section 3: China and India: Two Giants of Asia
Witness History Audio: A Violent Crackdown
China Reforms Its Economy But Limits Freedom
When Deng Xiaoping took control of China, he allowed some features of a free market and
welcomed foreign capital and technology, which brought growth—especially in coastal cities.
When some Chinese demanded greater political freedom, however, they were thwarted and even
killed when demonstrating in Tiananmen Square.
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The Developing World
Section 3: China and India: Two Giants of Asia
China Faces Continuing Challenges
Some of the challenges facing China today are its large population, rapid urbanization, pollution,
the spread of AIDS, and human rights abuses such as a lack of free speech and suppression of
Tibet’s Buddhist culture.
India Builds Its Economy
India has used modern technology to expand agriculture and industry. It moved toward a freemarket system in the 1980s, and many industries have expanded quickly. Population growth
continues to hamper success, as have the spread of AIDS and the rise of the urban poor
population.
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The Developing World
Section 3: China and India: Two Giants of Asia
Reforming Indian Society
Discrimination based on the caste system has been banned in India, but opportunities are still
unequal in education and employment. Women have made progress, but the lives of girls from
poor families remain difficult.
Color Transparency 202: World Per Capita GDP
QuickTake Section Quiz
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