National Electrification Indaba
16 March 2012
Electrification Technical Aspects
Nomvula Kungwane
CONTENT
Background
Connections History
Impact on Electrification
Designs
Backlogs, EC; KZN and Limpopo
KZN; EC and Limpopo infrastructure
Conclusion
2
BACKGROUND
• Urban electrification was largely done in the past
• un-electrified households in urban areas are mostly growth & informal settlements
• Easy-to-execute projects were also done during the massive electrification
program of the past
• Reality now:
• Difficulty to implement electrification projects without bulk infrastructure development
• rural electrification with high costs
• Funds are stretched to address both bulk infrastructure and household
connections
IMPACT
• Less connections achievable
• There is a continuous need for the integration of the Electrification programme
with Eskom’s Capital programme across Eskom divisions, esp. Transmission
and Distribution
• example on planned infrastructure projects in the Eastern Cape, below
DESIGNS
• Changed from designing for initial ADMD to final ADMD designs and
implementation
• Cheap designs = high maintenance costs
• Designs have evolved over the years, with mid-block (cheaper but difficult to
reach for maintenance) and street-front
• SWER & dual-phase networks have been changed for 3-phase networks to
accommodate future growth
• Split Metering technology implemented in some areas, to curb tempering
• it is necessary to ensure that poles, conductor, and line hardware
incorporated in existing designs are used optimally - spans should be
maximized
• Optimisation of designs for rural networks: installation of MV and LV
conductors on the same poles/line
BACKLOGS: EC; KZN & LIMPOPO
PROVINCE
TOTAL NUMBER OF
HOUSEHOLDS
BACKLOG
(with growth)
Backlog
(%)
EASTERN CAPE
1,683,420
647,593
19%
KWAZULU NATAL
2,439,751
816,354
24%
LIMPOPO
1,264,792
322,172
9%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
TOTAL NATIONAL
12,860,165
3,440,699
100%
NATIONAL ELECTRIFICATION BACKLOG
LIMPOPO 9%
GAUTENG
MPUMALANGA
7%
NORTH WEST
6%
NORTHEN CAPE
1%
FREE STATE
6%
KZN 24%
WESTERN CAPE
6%
EASTERN CAPE
19%
KZN BACKLOGS OVERVIEW
KZN NETWORK STATUS
SUBSTATIONS REQUIRED
Bulk Infrastructure Movement - Last 3 years
• Completed
Mandabeni; Nyokeni; Sgananda kaZokufa Shezi; Msinga; Hlabisa;
Dlangezwa; Pomeroy
• Under Construction
Kenterton; uMzumbe; Ndwedwe; Mathondwane; Ladysmith; Corinth;
Umzimkhulu
• *Bulk Infrastructure Focus Areas
Umkhanyakude; Ndumo; Gezisa, Mbazwana; Hlabisa; Gunjaneni;
Ntambanana; Melmoth East; Mandini; ; Mangethe; uMshwathi; Applesbosch;
uMzumbe; KwaXolo/KwaDeshula
• *These substations are for the sole purposes of rural electrification, there are
other Substations planned to be built by Eskom which will also assist in
electrification
Eastern Cape
13
EXISTING NETWORK
Siphaqeni
Qumbu
Ugie
Dumasi
Sappi
Kohlo
1st Falls
Mafini
Paynes Farm
Qunu
Tyalarha
Wiloi
Magwa
PROJECTS FOR 2012/13/14
2nd 20MVA 132/22kV
Qumbu S/S Trfr (RR)
Qumbu
Ugie
132kV line (30km)
2 x 20MVA 132/22kV
Taweni s/s (DoE)
132kV line (30km)
2 x 20MVA 132/22kV
Mfinizo s/s (DoE)
Elliot/Ugie 132kV line (RR)
2 x 10MVA 132/22kV Mjika s/s
132kV link lines (4km) – (S)
Sappi
Mafini
Sappi/Elliot 132kV line and 1 x
40MVA 132/66kV Elliot
substation (S)
Dumasi
VUYANI MTS PROJECT
Eros/Vuyani 400kV line, 3 x
250MVA 400/132kV Vuyani
Substation (S)
Kohlo
Magwa
132kV line to Hombe S/S and 2
x 10MVA 132/22kV Hombe s/s
(R)
Paynes Farm
Zimbane/Paynes 132kV line & 2 x
20MVA 132/22kV Paynes Farm S/S
Paynes Farm/Sappi 132kV lines & 2
x 20MVA 132/22kV Sappi S/S (S)
Qolweni/Hlobo and
Hlobo/Vuyani 132kV line, 2 x
20MVA 132/22kV Hlobo S/S
(S)
Tyalarha
Qunu
Decomission old 66kV line and
associated substations (R)
132kV link line (16km) 2 x 20MVA
132/22kV Tombo s/s (S)
132kV link line (2km)
2 x 20MVA 132/22kV Mafini s/s (S)
4 132kV feeder bay (S)
Vuyani/Zimbane 1 132kV line; Vuyani/Zimbane 2 132kV
line
Vuyani/Mafini 132kV line; Vuyani/Qunu 132kV line
Limpopo
16
LIMPOPO PROVINCE Network Status
Red – Network constrained
Yellow – Limited capacity on large parts of network
17
Green – Capacity Available
Bulk Infrastructure Development
Pontdrif
Messina
Leeudraai
Venetia
Thohoyandou
New MTS
Sanari
Mandala
RioTinto Coal
NjeleleT
Makhado Coal
Makonde
2015/16
Paradise
Thulamela
Tshikeweta
Soutpan
Flurian
Bochum
Louis Trich
Ribolwa
Singo
Dendron
2011/12
Botlokwa
Tabor 2012/13
2015/16
Tshilamba
Mbahe
2013/14
2011/12
Muledani
2013/14
Malamulele
Venulu
2011/12
Mashau
2012/13
Hlanganani
Mamaila
2011/12
Phugwane
Giyani
Thomo
Bendstore
Magpot
Soekmekaar
Spencer
Mooketsi
Polokwane
Mhinga
Bolubedu
2013/14
Tzaneen
Mageva
Mamitwa
Witkop
Tarentaal
18
Limpopo Bulk Infrastructure: 2010-2015
Item
Project Name
Municipality
Scope
1
Singo Substation
Makhado


2
Mashau substation Makhado
 2 x 20MVA Substation 132/22kV
 250M 132kV Line – Kingbird
3
(Jilongo )
Phugwane
substation
Lambani (Mhinga)
Substation
Thulamela
 2 x 20MVA Substation 132/22kV
 35kM 132kV Line – Kingbird
Thulamela
 2 x 20MVA Substation 132/22kV
 30kM 132kV Line – Kingbird
Mbahe Substation Thulamela
 2 x 20MVA Substation 132/22kV
 2kM 132kV Line – Kingbird
4
5
2 x 20MVA Substation 132/22kV
37kM 132kV Line – Kingbird
Limpopo Bulk Infrastructure: 2010-2015
Item
Project Name
Municipality
Scope
6
Tshilamba
Substation
Mutale
 2 x 20MVA Substation 132/22kV
 10kM 132kV Line – Kingbird
7
Mamaila
Substation
Greater Letaba
 2 x 20MVA Substation 132/22kV
 16kM 132kV Line – Kingbird
8
Mageva Substation Greater Letaba
 2 x 20MVA Substation 132/22k
 37kM 132kV Line – Chickadee
9
Mamatsekele
Substation
Lepelle Nkumpi
 2 x 20MVA Substation 132/22kV
 37kM 132kV Line – Kingbird
Rampheri
Substation
Polokwane


10.
2x10MVA Substation 132/11kV
30kM 132kV Line – Kingbird
CHALLENGES
• Land acquisition for infrastructure projects
• Significant footprint of Protected trees
• Illegal connections
• resulting in overloaded networks
• Public fatalities (Bambamenchies; KaMhlushwa)
• Maintaining good technical performance of the network – balance
service extension with network strengthening; refurbishment as well
as normalisation
• Equipment theft: cables and transformers
CONCLUSSION
• Electrification requires focus from a financial and technical perspective
in order to optimise costs and reach a bigger footprint
• The industry must work together to implement available technologies
for access to energy
• Solutions for electrification should be custom made to avoid over
and/or under-designs
• Harmonisation between DoE & Human settlements
• Eskom supplementary funding of infill connections and some
infrastructure projects