Information & Communication Technology (ICT)
Enabled Total Quality Management (TQM) in Library
and Information Services (LIS)
Keynote Address Delivered in the Sixteenth National Convention
on Knowledge, Library and Information Networking (NACLIN
2013) on ‘Emerging Technologies and Innovations in Library
Practices’, organized by DELNET at MNIT, Jaipur
Roshan Lal Raina
Indian Institute of Management Lucknow
December 11, 2013
Agenda
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Context
LIS Functions in Context
Challenges for LIPs
Opportunities for LICs & LIPs
Way Forward
Context?
LABOUR
AGRICULTURAL
ECONOMY
CAPITAL
INDUSTRIAL
ECONOMY
KNOWLEDGE
INFORMATION
ECONOMY
KC
Knowledge Creation
Knowledge Capture
Knowledge Use/Application
LIPs in K/I C
Not just
Facilitators
but
Partners
in all the three
components
LIS Functions in
Changed Context
Procure
Process
Provide
Not just Reading Materials
but Essence
Challenges in Acquisitions
• Evolve Policies with Customer as
the Focus
• No March Pressures
• Move from traditional to modern IT
enabled procurement methods
• No vendor patronage --competitive
• E-books
Consumer Attitudes Toward E-Book Reading
Consumers are very interested in "bundling" print and digital versions of a book, with 48% of
survey respondents willing to pay more for bundles.
Just over half of survey respondents would pay more for an e-book if it could be given away or
re-sold.
Consumers do not distinguish between e-books published by traditional houses and
independently published options when making buying decisions.
While the numbers are relatively small, there is an increase in the number of people who buy
print and digital versions of a book interchangeably and a slow decline in the number of
people who exclusively buy e-books.
Len Vlahos, BISG Executive Director, said "Four years of consumer data shows clearly that ebook consumption has reached mainstream readers and has expanded well beyond early
adopter 'power readers,' but that physical books remain a popular format for many
consumers, especially in certain categories. This survey provides actionable information for
companies across the industry to stay ahead of these trends."
Challenges in Processing … no less
Give it the treatment that it deserves and
not overdue on this
Again, keep your ‘USER’ in focus
Use the facilities already available
Accommodate your own (local)
requirements
Services
User’s Frustration?
Research has always been
challenging, but there are so
many resources available online
today that finding an important
article can feel like an
impossible task.
“Just give me the
Answer…. And make
sure it’s right!”
“I don’t want to
search…. I just want
to find!”
Disjointed approach to information
searching and service delivery
 OPACs
 E-Journals
 Databases
 Digital Repositories
 Newspaper Articles
 E-Books
 Cited References
 Other Contents
All searched separately
Alternatives
 Federated searches
 Web-scale discovery. A preharvested central index
coupled with a richly featured discovery layer
providing a single search across a library’s local, open
access, and subscription collections
 Central index. The collection of preharvested and
processed metadata and full text that comprises the
searchable content.
 Discovery layer. The user interface and search system
for discovering, displaying, and interacting with the
content in library systems
The Solution
Single Search Interface
Federated Search
Library
OPAC
E-Journals
Databases
Search Results
Real-time query and
responses
Digital
Repositories
Web-scale discovery search
Library
OPAC
E-Journals
Unified Index
Databases
Search Results
Pre-built harvesting
and indexing
Digital
Repositories
Discovery Services ….
"Select Big 4"
• OCLC WorldCat Local(late 2007)
• Serials Solutions Summon (mid
2009 Summon 2.0)
• EBSCO Discovery Service (early
2010)
• Ex LibrisPrimo Central (mid 2010)
Patrons Switching Faster Than Libraries
Faculty and Students Already Looking Elsewhere for Search Help
Where Do Students Start a Search? Where Do Faculty Start Their Research?
n = 2,229
83%
Search Engine
Wikipedia
7%
Social Networking Site
2%
E‐mail
1%
E‐mail Subscription
1%
Online Database
1%
Ask an Expert Site 0%
Library Website
n = 3,025
A general purpose
search engine
21%
32%
Your online library
catalog
The library building
0%
2003
© 2011 The Advisory Board Company • www.educationadvisoryboard.com • 22852D
37%
47%
A specific electronic
research resource
28%
18%
13%
4%
2009
Source: “Faculty Study 2009: Key Strategic Insights for Libraries, Publishers,
and Societies” Ithaka S+R; “Perceptions of Libraries, 2010,” OCLC.
What Has Discovery Done Actually?
•increase accessibility of e-resources and increase full-text
downloads
•Students generally love discovery services
•LIPs reactions are mixed at best.
•Advanced searchers are not generally satisfied
•Relevancy ranking can still be improved
•Adding Federated search does not add much to web scale
discovery (currently)
•Content providers are generally eager to cooperate with
discovery vendors to have their content indexed.
•Problems of broken links are still an issue
Impact
• Resource Usage (full-text, OPAC, A & I, Article
alerts
• Workflow on management of e-resources
• Proper marketing & positioning of discovery
products for users
• Information literacy
• Attitudes of users at different levels
• Usability testing & integration of discovery
services into library portals
Challenges
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Relevance of the hits
Subject coverage in terms of currency and content
Precision ratio
Are web scale discovery tools a good starting point for
exhaustive subject searches or for exploring new topics?
• Will such tools help a searcher to become competent
information user in the work place and in later life?
• Do we need to change our information literacy education to
find the new discovery environment?
• Can we augment our discovery services to support and
deliver our information system.
Way Ahead …
• Recommendation services
[Contextual]
• Field navigation
• Relevance ranked results
• Enhanced visual displays
• Multi-media stuff
Searching & Retrieval Habits
• Patron – the key
• Producer
• The Facilitator
» Question Please
• Thanks