GIS SOA 雲端架構

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GIS SOA與雲端架構
蔡博文
台大地理環境資源學系
中研院地理資訊專題研究中心
地理資訊系統的發展
Mainframe
PC hardware
MS Window
Desktop
Internet GIS
WAN
Internet
Mobile OS
Wireless & Mobile communication
Mobile
Open GIS
SDI
Web Service
Mainframe
單機系統
(自給自足)
Desktop
Internet
網路系統
(資源分享)
Web Service
網路系統
(資源共享)
資源分享
• Internet GIS
• 集中式資料庫
• 主從式架構(client-server)
• 資料項目、內容受制於伺服端
Internet GIS Server
Database
使用者
Map Server
Map Server
Map Server
資料庫
資料庫
資料庫
資源共享
• 分散式架構(distributed architecture)
• 通透使用(interoperability)
– a property referring to the ability of diverse systems and organizations
to work together
Internet GIS Server
Database
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• 開放性架構(Open Architecture)
– 設備對設備的通透性(資料、系統…)
• Open GIS
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Open GIS開放標準
• ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
(http://www.iso.org/iso/home.htm)
– 1947年成立於日內瓦
– 標準制訂的基本原則
• 共識性(consensus)
• 通用性(industry-wide)
• 自願性(voluntary)
– TC 211 (technical committee)
– ISO 19100 series
ISO TC 211 specifications
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ISO 6709:1983, Standard representation of latitude,
longitude and altitude for geographic point locations
ISO 19101 - Reference model
ISO 19102 – Overview
ISO/TS 19103 - Conceptual schema language
ISO 19104 - Terminology
ISO 19105 - Conformance and testing
ISO 19106 - Profiles
ISO 19107 - Spatial schema
ISO 19108 - Temporal schema
ISO 19109 - Rules for application schema
ISO 19110 - Feature cataloguing methodology
ISO 19111 - Spatial referencing by coordinates
ISO 19112 - Spatial referencing by geographic
identifiers
ISO 19113 - Quality principles
ISO 19114 - Quality evaluation procedures
ISO 19115 – Metadata
ISO 19115-2 - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for
imagery and gridded data
ISO 19116 - Positioning services
ISO 19117 – Portrayal
ISO 19118 - Encoding
ISO 19119 - Services
ISO/TR 19120 - Functional standards + Amendment
1
ISO/TR 19121 Imagery and gridded data
ISO/TR 19122 - Qualifications and certification of
personnel
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ISO 19123 - Schema for coverage geometry and
functions
ISO/RS 19124 - Imagery and gridded data
components
ISO 19125 - Simple feature access – Part 1-3
ISO 19126 - Profile - FACC Data Dictionary
ISO 19127 - Geodetic codes and parameters
ISO 19128 - Web Map Server Interface
ISO 19129 - Imagery, gridded and coverage data
framework
ISO 19130 - Sensor and data model for imagery
and gridded data
ISO 19131 - Data product specification
ISO 19132 - Location based services possible
standards
ISO 19133 - Location based services tracking
and navigation
ISO 19134 - Multimodal location based services
for routing and navigation
ISO 19135 - Procedures for registration of
geographic information items
ISO 19136 – Geography Markup Language (GML)
ISO 19137 - Generally used profiles of the spatial
schema and of similar important other schemas
ISO 19138 – Data quality measures
ISO 19139 - Metadata - Implementation
specification
ISO 19140 - Technical amendment to the ISO
191** Geographic information series of standards
for harmonization and enhancements
Open GIS開放標準
• OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) (www.opengeospatial.org/)
服務導向架構
• SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture )
– 以服務為基礎的分散式處理架構,由服務提供者、服
務需求者、及服務仲介者來達成任務需求
• 特性
–
–
–
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分散式架構 (distributed)
鬆散耦合的界面 (loosely coupled)
依據開放的標準 (open standard)
以流程為核心 (process centric)
• 實踐
– GIS Web Service
GIS Web Service
• 一種軟體元件,它透過Web 通訊協定及資料格式
的開放式標準來為其他的應用程式提供服務
• 使用者在任何地方都可以使用瀏覽器發出服務需
求並獲得服務
• 特點
– 開放標準為基礎
– 互通性(Interoperability)
– 提供服務元件
GIS 網路服務架構
• 應用服務(Application Services)
–
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目錄服務(Catalog Service)
資料服務(Data Services)
功能服務(Processing Services)
繪圖服務(Portrayal Service)
Data Services
資料服務
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Feature Access Service (WFS)
Coverage Access Services (WCS)
Sensor Collection Services (SCS)
Image Archive Services
Location Services (OLS)
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Directory Services
Geocoding Services
Navigation Services
Gateway Services
 GML (geography markup language)
—an XML encoding for the transport and storage of geographic
information, including both the spatial and non-spatial
properties of geographic features.
GML
Portrayal Services
繪圖服務
• Map Portrayal Service (WMS)
• Coverage Portrayal Services (CPS)
• Mobile Presentation Services
 WMS (web map service)
—從多個雲端異質資料來源(heterogeneous sources)產生
並展現空間對位(registered)且可以套疊的GIS圖形
—提供三種操作 (GetCapabilities, GetMap, and GetFeatureInfo)
RITI Online
中研院
QuickBird影像
網際網路
Local data
Web data service
Processing Services
功能服務
• 從網路上獲得事先程式化的GIS功能,對GIS資料
進行處理或分析
• 處理或分析所需的資料可以從網路上獲得,或與
功能包裹在一起
• 例如 :
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Coordinate Transformation Services
Image Processing Services
Geospatial Analysis Services
Gazetteers
Web Processing Service
河川
門牌
路網
地址對位
座標轉換
空間查詢
地籍
門牌
其他
路網
座標轉換服務
資料目錄
詮釋資料
地址對位服務
GIS的發展
mainframe
Client/Server
Desktop
Web Service
Cloud Web Service
雲端服務
雲端服務
• 軟體服務(SaaS)
– 應用雲
– Software as a Service
– comprises end-user applications delivered as a
service rather than as traditional, on-premises
software.
– Google Docs、Gmail,微軟的Live Mail,
Amazon EC2
– ArcGIS Online
雲端服務
• 平台服務 (PaaS)
– 平台雲
– Platform as a Service
– provides an application platform, or middleware,
as a service on which developers can build and
deploy custom applications.
– iPhone的App Store、Google提供Android平台、
GeoWare
– Google Map API、ArcGIS Server Flex API、
ArcGIS Server SOAP API
雲端服務
• 設備服務(IaaS)
– 基礎雲
– Infrastructure as a Service
– encompasses the hardware and technology for
computing power, storage, operating systems, or
other infrastructure, delivered as off-premises, ondemand services.
– Amazon.com、貨櫃電腦
– ArcGIS Server HA configuration
服務導向雲端GIS
Data Service
SaaS
PaaS
IaaS
Portrayal service
AP
Processing Service
Catalog Service
結 語
Web Service
SOA
第二代GIS
Open GIS
雲端架構
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