Forecast 10 years
- Underground Space Technology -
USHIJIMA Kunio (Civil)
NOMURA Mitsugu (Civil)
Summary

Underground Space Technology improves in the
days. The progress of the dramatic tunnel method
of construction and the progress of the design
technology specially occurred in these twenty
years.
 Development of technology for twenty years of
the main underground space development
technology will be described, and that trend will
be described about main development of
technology for ten years from now on.
Introduction
Tunnel
Underground Space Technology
Tunnel
Rock Mass Tunnel
Soil Tunnel
Deep Shaft
The Technological Development Trend
Of The Rock Mass Tunnel
Technological innovation
shotcrete + rock bolt
NATM
Picture. Ousakayama Tunnel（L=664m；1880）
Technological innovation
Picture．Rib &Woods
Technological innovation
Picture．NATM ( in Korea )
Technological innovation
Picture．NATM ( in Korea )
Technological innovation
Change of Suport System(Road Tunnel)
80
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
19
82
19
83
19
84
19
85
19
86
19
87
19
88
19
89
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
Number of Site
70
Rib & Woods
NATM(Shotcreet & Rockbolt)
Year
Figure‐1．Change of Suport System(Road Tunnel)
Technological innovation
Support structure thing material
・・・ 20 years before
Wood
（arch material） Wood → Steel
dynamics model
＆
・・・ in the 1960s
shotcrete , rock bolt
Dramatic change
Demand trend
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Name
ｋａｎ
Ｓeｉ
Hａｋｋｏｄａ
Iwate
ｙａｍａ
ｉ
Ｉ
Daishimizu
Shinkanmon
Rokko
ｕｎａ
Hａｒ
ｎｅ
ｇａｍｉ
ｉ
Ｇｏｒ
Nakayama
Aki
Tsukushi
Kitakｙushu
Fukushima
Kubiki
Length(m)
53,850
26,455
25,810
22,225
22,221
18,713
16,250
15,350
15,175
14,857
13,030
11,865
11,747
11,705
11,353
Open Us e
1988
Breakthrough
1995
Under Construction
1982
1975
1972
1982
1997
1982
1975
Under Construction
1975
1982
1969
Table‐1．The Length of Japanese Tunnel
Demand trend
Investment for Underground Space
4500
3500
3000
2500
2000
shopping center
Lifeline
Water
Road
Rail
1500
1000
500
19
89
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
0
19
88
Investment(Billion $)
4000
Year
Figure‐2．Investment for Underground Space
The Technological Development Trend
Of The Soil Tunnel
Technological innovation
Soil tunnel
a tunnel to set up in Mt ground where it accumulates in
the third period or the fourth period and which is not a
rock mass yet.
How to construct a soil tunnel in Japan
・TBM
(Tunnel Boring Machine ; with Segment Support )
・NATM (New Austrian Tunneling Method )
Technological innovation
Picture. TBM (Metropolitan Expressway central loop line )
Demand trend
A demand of Soil tunnel
・Restructuring of the traffic of the city part
・Drainage and a service pipe way
・The reserve pipe of the flood countermeasure
But!!
It is dug with NATM, or it is not only to dig it with TBM, and it
is the market being opened only by the enterprise which can plan
synthetic execution in such cases as a correspondence to the
environment of the ground water, noise, vibration.
Rock Mass Deep Shaft
Technological innovation
Deep Shaft
It is pointing at Deep Shaft installed by the master of the
depth 100m and more in the rock mass here.
Development of technology was proceeding
with the coal mine through Deep Shaft in Japan.
But!!
A coal mine itself with Deep Shaft declined as a result that
demand of energy in Japan shifted from the coal to the petroleum,
and development of technology of Deep Shaft had the final
breath as a result in the 1970's as that result, too.
Technological innovation
The Depth of Deep Shaft （ m）
0
-200
-400
-600
-800
Deep Shaft (Coal Mine)
-1000
Deep Shaft (Civil)
-1200
1860
1880
1900
1920
1940
1960
Completion year
Figure‐3．
1980
2000
2020
Technological innovation
900
800
50000
Domestic coal quantity of
production (1000t)
The number of coal mines
40000
700
600
500
30000
400
20000
300
200
10000
100
0
0
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
year
Figure‐4．
The number of coal mines
Domestic coal quantity of production
(1000t)
60000
Technological innovation
Now
・The ventilation Deep Shaft of the road
Deep Shaft
・The service Deep Shaft to the underground
stock tank of the petroleum and the gas
・The hydroelectric power station
Technological innovation
Picture. Deep Shaft (Appearance)
Technological innovation
Picture． Deep Shaft (inner)
The Age Of
Maintenance And Management
Maintenance of the underground space is very
important from now on.
It is anticipated when the maintenance managerial
technique to realize the development of the optimization
technique to manage efficient maintenance from now on
and that grows to be a trend technological field most.
Thanks