ENABLING SMART GRID & METERING GENERATION PORTFOLIO ISSUES and OPPORTUNITIES V.N.Choudhary P.Harisinghaney Contd. contd Issues Mix of Generation Portfolio Changing % of Renewables & Distributed generation is going to increase CONTD. Contd. Billing as per Time of Day Peak time rate Off Peak time rate Export rate Import rate Frequency related rate Contd. Even Central generating Station will have to Adopt Advance Metering Higher sized Units 660 – 800 MW UHV transmission limes - Energy efficiency calculation - Internal energy - Reactive Power Control - Blackout & Brown out protection Nature of supply varies Base Load Power supplier Peak Load power supplier Intermittent Load supplier Merchant Power supplier Captive Power supplier Degree of Smartness Increasing Right from the beginning i.e. 1888 Now it will Lead frog Due to advanced electronics & Communication and software Relevance of Smart grid elements Generation/distribution For Poverty Elimination & Inclusive growth We can use cluster approach Contd. Like Intranet & Internet Contd. Clusters of Renewables & alternative Resources may be Created at remote places contd These clusters can be Interconnected via High Cap Transmission Lines To Connect rural ,mountain ,and desert located population clusters contd Different schemes like RG Grameen Vidutikaran Yojna APDRP MNREGA Urbanisation PURA May be synergised to generate Energy in rural clusters as cottage industry To provide opportunity for small/home industry & employment 19 Renewables – present status in India Total installed capacity ( till end May-10) 20 Total Thermal Hydro (Renewable) Nuclear RES** (MNRE) 10% 23% 64% 3% Total Installed Capacity (as on 31.05.2010) Installed Renewable capacity ( till March-10) 21 Biomass Power (Agro residues) 1% 5% 8% Wind Power 16% Small Hydro Power (up to 25 MW) 70% Cogenerationbagasse Solar Power Total Installed Capacity (as on 31.03.2010) Contributes 4% of total Electricity Generation 4/13/2015 RPO status for FY 09-10 22 Province RPO Target RPO Met Maharashtra 6% 5% Gujarat 2% 2% Karnataka 10% 11% Tamil Nadu 13% 12% Punjab 2% 1.0% Haryana 10% 0.2% Madhya Pradesh 10% 0.2% RENEWABLE ENERGY WIND 650 MW • • SOLAR 301 MW BIOMASS 15 MW GEO THERMAL 30 MW SMALL HYDRO 300 MW 300MW Solar projects by 2014 1000MW capacity RE projects by 2017 MOUs • MoU with KPCL signed on 12.01.2009 for development of 500 MW wind energy projects in Karnataka • MoU with GPCL signed on 20.03.2010 for development of 500 MW renewable energy based projects in Gujarat • MoU with A&N Administration signed on 27.11.09 for development of 5+1 MW solar PV projects in Andaman & Nicobar. • MoU with NGRI signed on 26.03.08 for development of Geo-thermal energy based projects.. • MoU with SDC signed on 05.09.08 for development of two-stage gasifier technology. • MoU with Government of Rajasthan for development of wind and solar energy based projects in Rajasthan. DG PORTFOLIO PROJECTS PROJECTS COMMISSIONED: UNDER No of Projects 15 IMPLEMENTATION 01 Nos Total Capacity: 300.5 kW • Chhattisgarh: 01 Capacity: 40 kW, Household/ Population 2153 /12000 Micro Hydro, HH-82 Concerns: • Fuel availability • Gap between revenue and expenditure • Income Generation Scheme • Villages getting electrified with grid supply. DPRs UNDER CONSIDERATION 28 NOS. • ER-I : 16 • Coal Mines: 12 Basket of RE Projects 1.Solar PV- 110MW 2. Solar Thermal-240MW • • • • • • • • • • • • 5MW A&N 5MW Dadri 5MW Faridabad 10MW Unchhahar 25MW Ramagundam 10MW Korba 50MW MP 15MW Anta 25MW Singrauli 50MW Gujarat 100MW Karnataka 50MW Rajasthan 4. Small Hydro (<25MW) • 8MW project at CW outfall of NTPCSingrauli • 100MW ( Land offered by bidders) under evaluation 3. Wind energy projects 800MW • 100MW at Guledaguda, Karnataka • 400MW at Karnataka under identification • 200MW at Ambliyara & Vondh in Gujarat 5. Geothermal-50MW •Preparation of FRs at Tapovan in Uttarakand & Tatapani in Chhattisgarh. Solar Resource Availability in India 5000 trillion kWh solar radiation incident in a year over India Radiation data collected by India Meteorological Department and some other centres Daily solar radiation 4 - 7 kWh per sq. m. Most parts of the country receive solar radiation sufficient enough to effectively utilize solar energy systems Typically, 2.0 hectare of open space is required for one mega watt solar power plant Road Map - Solar 350 301 Cumulative MW 300 250 200 101 150 100 50 11 0 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 Phase I (2010-14) Year Project details 2011-12 Dadri, PV 5 MW A&N Island, PV 5+1 MW 2012-13 Anta thermal, 15 MW Singrauli, thermal 25 MW NTPC sites, PV 50 MW 2013-14 Karnataka, thermal 50 MW Gujarat, thermal 100 MW Rajasthan, PV 50 MW Annual (MW) 11 90 200 Cumulative (MW) 11 101 301 Issues of solar power • Hugh land requirement • Production of the solar cells carries an upfront cost to the environment via production, but offers clean energy throughout the lifespan of the solar cell. • Intermittent power generation & available in day time only • Low efficiency & CUF • High capital cost & high Cost of electricity generated WIND ENERGY IN INDIA • Installed Capacity of India 12009.48 MW as on 30.06.2010 • India ranked 5th in the World in terms of installed capacity after USA, Germany, China, Spain. • India has a potential of 48,199 MW WIND RESOURCE MAP OF INDIA WIND ENERGY IN INDIA • 1150 wind monitoring stations established by C-WET • States with high potential Tamil Nadu / Gujarat / Maharashtra / Karnataka / Rajasthan / Madhya Pradesh / Andhra Pradesh / Kerala • 216 sites with annual average wind power density > 200 Watts/m2. • Wind Atlas for India has been prepared by C-WET. CRITICAL ISSUES FOR WIND ENERGY PROJECTS • UNCERTAINTY IN ENERGY ESTIMATION FROM A WINDFARM • AVAILABILITY OF LAND • SHARING OF FACILITIES • INTEGRATION WITH THE GRID • PERFORMANCE EVALUATION & TESTING • O&M • MONOPOLY OF MANUFACTURERS • COSTS & ECONOMICS Initiatives in Wind energy by NTPC • 650MW capacity addition plan • Installation of 100 MW Wind Farm under process • MOU signed with KPCL for Development of 500MW wind energy projects in Karnataka • 100MW wind energy project allotted to NTPC at Guledagudda site, Distt. Bagalkot, Karnataka by GoK. • DPR finalised in-house for Guledagudda wind energy project. Approved by Project Sub-Committee of the Board of Directors • MOU with GPCL for development of wind energy projects in Gujarat Hybrid RE Systems In the future, several hybrid systems consisting of wind , solar, Biomass & small hydro installations could be connected in clusters to form micro grids which can support the functions of the smart grid by firming up variable generation. These micro grids can be integrated to a larger power system or national grid. Some hybrid systems could be the combination of the following: PV/Battery, PV/Diesel, PV/Battery/Diesel, Wind/Battery; Wind/Diesel; Wind/Small Hydro; Wind/PV/Small Hydro; Wind/PV/Biomass. Small Hydro/Biomass; Small Hydro/Battery/Biomass; CONCLUSION Solar & Wind energy technologies are pollution free and environment friendly and are compatible with smart grid. Hybrid systems shall help in firming up the variations in generation . Wind energy has very good potential and it is the fastest growing energy source The future looks bright for RE technologies as smart grid technology will make these installations viable and attractive for generators as well as consumers.