Investigations in the Correctional
Environment
The Prison Environment
• A changing, more complex and difficult to manage
offender population
• Increased operational requirements due to illicit drug
use, trafficking, gang activity, and
• Antiquated infrastructure and security equipment
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Who are the Inmates?
• Extensive histories of violence and violent crimes
• Previous youth and adult convictions, affiliations with
gangs and organized crime,
• Higher rates of infection of Hepatitis C and Human
Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV);
• Disproportionate representation of Aboriginal people
• Serious substance abuse histories
• Serious mental health disorders
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Strategic Objective
Improving CSC’s safety and security infrastructure,
capacity and operations by:
• More stringent control of entry to institutions,
perimeter controls, searching and offender visits
• Expansion of detector dog teams
• Stronger security intelligence capacity
• Improved correctional officer training, and
• Better equipment, electronics to support safety and
security initiatives
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The Investigative Process
• Aimed at operational improvement, not discipline
based (a separate process applies)
• Competent senior managers investigators
• Dedicated capacity
• Consistent ant transparent reporting
• Clear timeframes, corrective measures and
accountabilities
• Tracking of all commitments
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Investigative Process (6 months *)
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Collect incident data 2 weeks *
Convene investigation 3 weeks *
Conduct investigation 11 weeks *
Review, distribute, corrective measures 7 weeks *
Review, acceptance by senior management 4-6 weeks
Verify implementation of actions
Closure of the investigative file
Investigations
Fiscal Year 2007-2008:
• 89 national investigations
• 57 death or “serious bodily injury”
* local investigations not counted here
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Types of Incidents Investigated
Institution
• Assault and multiple use of force against an inmate
• Assault, forcible confinement of a staff member
• Death, suicide, attempts, serious bodily injuries
• Hostage taking in the institution
• Alleged inappropriate injections of inmates
• Major disturbance and Inmate Injuries
• Escapes
• Overdoses
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Types of Incidents Investigated
Community
• Death: suicide, overdose, murder
• Hostage taking, forcible confinement, kidnapping
• Assault with a weapon
• Attempted murder, accessory to..
• Indignity to a body, sexual assault
• Robbery, drug trafficking, weapons offences
* 38 Deaths-Natural Cause grouped into three investigations
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Infrastructure – Security Systems
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Perimeter intrusion systems
Keeping inmates in
Keeping drugs out
Inmate control of movement
Searching and detection
Intelligence gathering (81 staff to169 by 2012)
Staff Safety Systems
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Training
Post assignment
Surveillance and cameras
Personal portable alarms
Protective equipment
Specialized units
Lethal force
Inmate Safety
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Classification and security levels
Counts rounds and supervision
Work and program assignment
Compatibles and incompatibles
Behavioural contracts
Medication
Security intelligence
Defibrillators
Public Safety
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Supervision teams
Electronic monitoring
Urinalysis testing
Police surveillance
Circles of Support and Accountability
Parole officer emergency response equipment
Technology, Deployment, Training
and Threats
Secure control - detection systems
• Perimeter (PIDS), infra-red/low light imaging goggles
• High volume ‘walk-through’ drug detectors (pilot)
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Ion scanners, CO2 detection devices, metal detectors
Drug dogs (46 to 126 teams by 2012)
Visitor database
Advanced cell phone detection and interception
systems, high resolution cameras, X-ray machines
• Safes for the storage of drugs, including methadone
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Deployment
New Deployment Standards:
• Additional multi-function support on the morning shift
in maximum security to increase response capacity
• Increase gallery supervision in maximum security
• Support additional detector dog handlers at all levels
• Enhance perimeter security patrols and 22 towers maximum and medium security institutions), and
• Relieve staff for delivery of additional training days
• Structured training related to safety and security and
gang management, and mental health orientation
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Threats-Challenges
• Interconnectivity among gangs in institutions and the
community
• Security reclassification of gang members
• Active role of Security Intelligence
• Community intelligence results (institutional vs.
community gangs)
• Employment and mobility of offenders with gang
affiliations in the community.
• Vulnerable mental health population
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Impact of Investigations
• Identification of gaps in policies, training and
contingency plans
• Identification of emerging threats to infra-structure
and safe and secure custody
• Identification of emerging patterns of behaviour
• Corporate mitigation strategies to address corporate
risk profile
• Identification of risk factors that are unique,
undetectable, not perceived or unusual
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Security Systems – Inherent Risks
Compromising of Security Systems by Inmates
• Ability to observe and analyse CSC systems and
structures over time
• Predictability of staff presence
• Repositioning of opportunities to compromise
systems (ie: scanners, visits, staff searches
contractors, perimeter..)
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Security Systems – The Imperative
CSC must constantly assess and re-assess
their operating environment and secure the
necessary commitment (government, staff,
public, stakeholders) to provide for the
ongoing security structures that will ensure
that risk is managed in a fashion prescribed
and expected by Canadians.
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Security, Systems, Staff and
Safety
Questions???
Comments !!!
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Security, Systems, Staff and
Safety
Thank You
Drury Allen
Director General
Incident Investigations Branch
The Correctional Service of Canada
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