NLRMP
National Land Records
Modernization Programme
By
L P Sharma,
Technical Director,
NIC Sikkim
DOLR
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NICSI/NIC
OBJECTIVE
“To develop a modern, comprehensive and
transparent land records management
system in the country with the aim to
implement the conclusive land-titling
system with title guarantee.”
DOLR
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NICSI/NIC
Issues In Existing System
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Multiple handling agencies – lack of coordination. There
is a disconnect between the registration office, the land
records data and the cadastral data
No uniformity of standards: Different standards
followed to specify the same characteristics of land.
Old and outdated, incomplete and inaccurate cadastral
records – graphical + textual
Survey/ resurvey using traditional methods are costly,
time-consuming and error-prone
Gap between – RoR (Record Of Rights) and Registration
- Registration & RoR (mutation)
- mutation & sub-division(graphic record)
- sub-division and Registration
DOLR
3
NICSI/NIC
Components of NLRMP
Though NLRMP is formed by merging Computerization
of Land Records (CLR), Strengthening of Revenue
Administration and Updating of Land Records (SRA&ULR),
but it contains new components like registration and
titling system.
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DOLR
Computerization of Registration
Computerization of land records
Survey/resurvey and updating of the survey &
settlement records
Development of core GIS and capacity building.
Automatic flow of data from SRO to Land Records
to initiate mutation
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NICSI/NIC
REGISTRATION
LAND RECORDS
NLRMP
DOLR
CADASTRAL MAPS
5
NICSI/NIC
NLRMP
Center
Internet
Database &
Application
Server
Switch
100/1000
Scanning
Registration
Presentation
Registration
DOLR
Land Records
6
Cadastral Mapping
NICSI/NIC
UNDERLYING PRINCIPLES
The system will be based on four basic
principles:
 The “mirror” principle
 The “curtain” principle
 A single integral window to handle land
records
 Title insurance
DOLR
7
NICSI/NIC
National Land Records Modernization Programme (NLRMP)
–
Implementation of Land Titling System
DOLR
8
NICSI/NIC
The “mirror” principle
The mirror principle refers to the fact that
cadastral records mirror the ground
reality.
DOLR
9
NICSI/NIC
The “curtain” principle
The “curtain” principle indicates that the
record of title is true a depiction of the
ownership status, mutation is automatic
following registration and the reference to
past records is not necessary.
DOLR
10
NICSI/NIC
Title Insurance
Title insurance, which guarantees the title for
its correctness and the title holder against
loss arising on account of any defect
therein.
DOLR
11
NICSI/NIC
NLRMP Salient Points
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DOLR
Land records will be updated through surveys/resurvey
using
modern
technology
such
as
ETS/GPS,Aerial Photography or satellite imagery.
The land records will be kept updated at all times by
interconnecting textual land records, survey maps
and registration offices with each other.
The citizen will gain access to his/ her land records
as updated land records will be placed on website.
This will facilitate the checking of the land records
by the citizen and enable the citizen to get loans and
credit faster eventually on-line
At the moment 2-3 offices deal with land records.
Interconnectivity through IT will enable the state
governments to offer “front desk” services so that
the citizen can go to a single agency to get updated
records.
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NICSI/NIC
NLRMP Salient Points (cont’d)
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DOLR
The registration will give information on web of
property values enabling citizen to pay stamp duty
and registration fees through banks instead of
having to purchase stamp papers.
The legacy data i.e. past transactions of properties
will be posted on the web.
Computerized mutations to reduce time taken for
mutations.
The ultimate goal is to introduce title guarantee for
property,have updated records all the time , prevent
litigations and frauds on land deals as far as possible
by providing clear and conclusive titles.
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NICSI/NIC
OUTPUT
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DOLR
Title guarantee/Certificate for property
Have updated records all the time
Prevent litigations and frauds on Land deals
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NICSI/NIC
BENEFITS
The new System will
 Modernize management of land records
 Minimize scope of land disputes
 Enhance transparency in the land records
maintenance system
 Facilitate moving towards guaranteed conclusive
titles to immovable properties in the country
DOLR
15
NICSI/NIC
A Possible Approach
DOLR
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NICSI/NIC
PROGRAMME LOGISTICS
To be completed by 12th Plan
 Impact
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Estimated Programme Cost=Rs 5656 Crore
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DOLR
Will affect 950 million rural population (approx.)
Will account for 2.2 million sq. kms. (approx.) of
rural land
Centre contributes Rs 3098 Crore
States contribute Rs 2558 Crore
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NICSI/NIC
IMPLEMENTATION
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DOLR
The State Governments/UT Administrations will
implement the programme with financial and technical
supports from the Dept. of Land Resources,
Government of India. Outsourcing is permissible.
The district will be taken as the unit of implementation,
where all activities under the programme will converge.
Initial funding will be provided to the States/UTs based
on their perspective plan and annual plan for the first
year. However, continued funding will be conditional
upon the States/UTs signing the Memorandum of
Understanding (MOU) with the DoLR and following its
stipulations.
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NICSI/NIC
LADDER APPROACH
The Primary & Secondary Ladders
proposed under NLRMP
 Primary ladder – for conclusive titles
 Secondary ladder – for archival purposes
and strengthening of revenue
administration
DOLR
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NICSI/NIC
Primary Ladder : Approach 1
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Registration - computerization
of SROs
Integration of registration and
land records maintenance
systems
Automatic mutation following
registration
Mutation – updating of
pending cases and their
computerization
Integration of textual and
spatial data
Survey, including ground
control networks and ground
truthing
DOLR
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Training and strengthening of
training institutions
Strengthening of technical
organizations
Record rooms at Registration/
tehsil levels
Link up with development
process
Legal changes
Conclusive titles
NICSI/NIC
Primary Ladder : Approach 2
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Survey, including ground
control networks and
ground truthing
Mutation – updating of
pending cases and their
computerization
Integration of textual and
spatial data
Registration computerization of SROs
Integration of registration
and land records
maintenance systems
Automatic mutation
following registration
DOLR
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Training and
strengthening of training
institutions
Strengthening of
technical organizations
Record rooms at
Registration/ tehsil levels
Link up with
development process
Legal changes
Conclusive titles
NICSI/NIC
Secondary Ladder
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DOLR
Computerization of existing records
Scanning of existing survey maps
Computerizing Registration workflow
Computerization of legacy mutation data
Record rooms
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NICSI/NIC
SCOPE OF PROGRAMME
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DOLR
Computerization of land records
Survey/resurvey and updating of the survey &
settlement records
Computerization of Registration
Modern record rooms/land records management
centres at tehsil/taluk/circle/block level
Training & capacity building
Core GIS
Legal changes
Programme management
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NICSI/NIC
1. Computerization of land records
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DOLR
Data entry/re-entry/data conversion of all textual
records including mutation records and other land
attributes data
Digitization of cadastral maps
Integration of textual and spatial data
Tehsil, sub-division/district Computer centers
State-level data centres
Inter-connectivity among revenue offices
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NICSI/NIC
2. Survey/resurvey & updating of the
survey & settlement records
Available Options:
 Pure ground method using electronic total
station (ETS) and global positioning system
(GPS)
 Hybrid methodology using aerial
photography and ground truthing by ETS
and GPS
 High Resolution Satellite Imagery (HRSI)
and ground truthing by ETS and GPS.
DOLR
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NICSI/NIC
3. Computerization of Registration
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DOLR
Computerization of the sub-registrar’s offices (SROs)
Data entry of valuation details
Data entry of legacy encumbrance data
Scanning & preservation of old documents
Connectivity to SROs with revenue offices
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NICSI/NIC
4. Modern record rooms/land records
management centres
Modern record rooms/land records management
centres at level of
 Tehsil
 Taluk
 Circle
 Block
DOLR
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NICSI/NIC
5. Training & capacity building
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DOLR
Training, workshops, etc.
Strengthening of the Survey and Revenue training
institutes
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NICSI/NIC
6. Core GIS
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DOLR
Village index base maps from satellite imagery, for
creating the core GIS
Integration of three layers of data
 Spatial data from aerial photography or highresolution satellite imagery
 Survey of India and Forest Survey of India maps
 Cadastral maps from revenue records.
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NICSI/NIC
7. Legal Changes
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DOLR
Amendments to the Registration Act, 1908
Amendments to the State Stamp Acts
Transfer of property Act 1882
Other legal changes
Model law for conclusive titling
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NICSI/NIC
8. Programme Management
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DOLR
Programme Sanctioning & Monitoring Committee
Core Technical Advisory Group in the DoLR and the
States/UTs
Programme Management Unit (PMU) in the DoLR
and the States/UTs
Information, education and communication (IEC)
activities
Evaluation
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NICSI/NIC
DOLR
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NICSI/NIC
Maps with
different
scale and
projection
from other
departments
/agencies
Cadastral
Maps
By Revenue
Dept with
respect to
WSG84
datum
DOLR
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NICSI/NIC
DOLR
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NICSI/NIC
DOLR
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NICSI/NIC
DOLR
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NICSI/NIC
DOLR
37
NICSI/NIC
Status of Computerization of Land
Records & Process-Sikkim
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DOLR
Complete in all Districts & Sub-divisions
except in Chungthang Sub-division
consisting of 1 circle of 6 blocks and
Gangtok Station Circle consisting of 8
Blocks
Chungthang pending due to discrepancy
in records & disputes in private and forest
land. Gangtok is pending because 1978
Survey records are not attested.
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NICSI/NIC
SLRC features
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DOLR
Complete replacement of manual
records through notification. Manual
records of rights ( Parcha) are not
accepted anywhere in the state
Not just computerization of records
but computerization of process as
work flows from one desk to
another through computerized LAN
environment
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NICSI/NIC
SLRC features - contd.
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Database is maintained at the mutation
centre ( Sub-division headquarter)
Integrity of land records
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DOLR
Land records are fully secured as these
protected by passwords & biometric devices
Land records can not be changed unless
authorized by three levels ( processed by
Revenue Supervisor, checked by head surveyor
and approved by Revenue Officer)
System log is maintained
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NICSI/NIC
SLRC features - contd.
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DOLR
Consistency of records as system
generated holding no. and plot no.
Tracking of application is easy as each
applicant is given system generated
unique serial no.
System generated public notices are
issued resulting in considerable saving in
time
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NICSI/NIC
SLRC features - contd.
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DOLR
System generated note sheet for
three level in all routine cases
resulting in saving in time. System
also supports writing notes/memo
which are stored.
Once mutation is approved land
records are updated and mutation
order is generated for field
functionary and head office
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NICSI/NIC
SLRC features - contd.
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DOLR
Old parchas are surrendered in the office
and all parties are given new
computerized parchas.
Provision for putting encumbrances for
the particular plot no. debarring mutation
or any other activity.
Income certificate is much easier to give
as system calculates income from land.
History information of particular plot is
easy to trace as desired by banks etc.
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NICSI/NIC
SLRC features - contd.
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DOLR
Query on the basis of caste, community and size
of land holding is much easier.
Annual demand roll for land rent is much easier to
prepare.
System calculate mutation fees depending on the
size of land, hence no possibility of revenue
evasion
Details of pending cases are available at the click
of button for each level.
In case of leave/transfer system generated
handing/ taking over.
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NICSI/NIC
SLRC features - contd.
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DOLR
Standardization of caste, surname, type of land,
class of land through codified system.
Checklist in the system for documents required
for particular service.
Supervisory officer can register new users,
deregister old users, allocate work among them
and all these changes are recorded in the system.
Local Language Driven
Easy Menu Driven and User Friendly
On site and Off site backup
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NICSI/NIC
Sikkim Status
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On line Mutation in 8 Subdivisions
No data flow from subdivision to district
and to Hq.
Need to upgrade software in web-based
environment and integrate registration
Requirement of full proof data recovery
system.
Replacement of old hardware required
Re-survey required.
Technical Organization and
Strengthening
DOLR
46
NICSI/NIC
Proposed Data Centre-Network in Sikkim
Mangan Sub-div Server
Chungthang Data Centre
North District Data
Centre
Gtk Server
Pakyong Data Centre
East Dist Data
Centre
Data Centre, LRDM
HQ.
South Dist Data
Centre
Rongli Data Centre
Rabangla Data
Centre
Namchi Server
West Dist Data
Centre
Gyalshing Server
Sorang Data Centre
Sikkim State Data Centre
DOLR
Mirror
NIC Sikkim Data Centre
National Data Centre
Hyderabad
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Mirror
National Data Centre
Pune
NICSI/NIC
Sikkim Status
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DOLR
Steering Committee
Technical Advisory Group/Working
Level Committee
Program Management Unit
Data Centre
Data and Service Access to Citizens
Modern Record Rooms
Digitization of existing Cadastral
Maps and integration with software
Scanning and Archiving of 1952
records.
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NICSI/NIC
DOLR
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NICSI/NIC
DOLR
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NICSI/NIC