Introduction
WTC 7 also “collapsed” due to “fire” and “gravity” on that day:
It was not struck by aircraft

Introduction
American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) study;
Federal Emergency Management Agency
Building Performance Assessment (FEMA BPA);
9/11 Commission and it’s Report;
National Institute of Standards & Technology
(NIST) WTC 1 and 2 study and report
NIST WTC 7 study and report

Introduction
Budget of 17.5 million dollars,
Staff of hundreds
3 year study
10000 page final report
NIST admits they do not know what caused global collapse of the Twin Towers.

Introduction
N and S Towers
• Historical Background
• NIST vs Physical Evidence
• Not addressed by NIST
• Independent research (Steve Jones et al)
• NIST vs the Engineering Community
• Appendices

Worthington, Skilling, Helle and Jackson structural engineering firm of record for the WTC tower construction
1966 - 1970
John Skilling and Leslie Robertson
Principle engineers

Some Historical Background
Steel framed reinforced high rise structures have never before or since 9/11 collapsed due to fire
Hotel Mandarin
Madrid Spain Beijing

Some Historical Background
Civilians, and over 100 FDNY firefighters reported explosions in the towers

2001: Bent Lund, Jens Claus Hansen,
NATO General Keld Hillingsoe
Hugo Bachmann
Van Romero, Mark Taylor
Van Romero later publicly recanted
2007: Danny Joewenko
Confirms WTC7 CD

Some Historical Background

Some Historical Background
$elling out the Investigation
2002
• Half baked farce
• Destruction of evidence illegal
(City of NY rapidly recycled
300,000 tons of steel from WTC)

NIST Analysis
Based on “Descending block” scenario:
Analysis only done up to image 4
Image 5 shows beginning of “global collapse”

NIST argument
only the NIST mantra:
“The change in potential energy due to downward movement of building mass above the buckled columns exceeded the strain energy that could have been absorbed by the structure. Global collapse then ensued.”

NIST argument
NIST mantra says fewer lighter floors above aircraft impact outcrushed the more numerous and more massive floors below
I-Beams above 85 th floor
Square beams on lower floors

Upper 34 floors of S. Tower begin to rotate
Angular momentum would carry block away

Floors above aircraft impact disintegrate while falling on the lower tower.
Note the top of the “upper block” has fallen considerably,
While the top of the “lower block” has moved very little

Kevin Ryan blows the whistle
UL: Floor trusses: ASTM E 119
Subjected to 1000 deg. C for two hours
With specified loading
35 ft trusses passed test
NIST: No significant steel temperatures over 625 deg. C
[steel conducts heat from source]
NIST: floor trusses and columns weakened and collapsed on impact floors

N. Tower: Fuel burns up in 8 minutes
S. Tower: More fuel burns outside
Impact at 9:03

S. Tower reality: About 9:41
No hot fire

911 Commision Report notes:
“Lost Tape”radio transmissions:
Battalion Chief Orio Palmer reached the impact floors in the South tower, seconds before it fell,
His men only saw a few small pockets of fire, and thought they had the situation under control

244 Perimeter 47 Core
NIST: loads on perimeter columns
ENR: loads on perimeter columns

Abdolhasan Astaneh Asl, NSF Grant
"The impact did nothing to this building."

Not addressed by NIST
WTC1, 2 , and 7 fell at close to free fall speed
Implies lower floors offered little resistance
Removal of core columns could cause this

Not addressed by NIST
• N Tower antenna seems to move downward
• No façade motion
• Noted by FEMA and NYT
• Suggests core columns severed
• NIST calls motion “lateral” with no analysis

Not addressed by NIST
Squibs (detonator or dud charges) which the
“collapse” overtakes:
This was not dust blowing out of collapsing floors

Not addressed by NIST
Massive material thrown laterally up to 500 ft;
Penetrates into surrounding structures
Beam assemblies weighed tons

Not addressed by NIST complete pulverization of virtually all concrete into a pyroclastic cloud.

Not addressed by NIST
Afterglow recorded in multiple videos of the tower collapses.

Not addressed by NIST
Pools of molten metal in WTC1,2, and 7 basements, 6 weeks after 9/11

Not addressed by NIST
Steel melted and vaporized to razor sharp thinness by a eutectic mixture of sulfur.
[images from Appendix C of FEMA Report]

How can a Gravitational “collapse”:
Occur at free fall speed
Pulverize concrete to a pyroclastic flow;
Cause melted metal in basements;
Vaporize steel columns in mid-air;
Throw massive steel structures 500 ft laterally
Burn or melt thousands of cars and trucks

Research: Steven Jones
South Tower
Molten metal flowing well below aircraft impact
(attributed by NIST to aircraft aluminum)

Research: Steven Jones
Iron rich slag
Ash emissions
Jones thought all of these observations were consistent with the use of thermite

Research: Steven Jones
Thermite: iron oxide + aluminum powder
Produces: aluminum oxide + heat + iron
Hot enough to evaporate iron & steel
Thermite + sulfur produces thermate
Accelerates thermite reaction
Remember Appendix C of FEMA report:
Sulfur found which produced a eutechtic reaction

WTC Dust
6%: Metallic microspheres: once molten iron rich droplets
Were once vaporized iron
Highly energetic (reactive)
Red and grey bi-layered chips:
Red layer: high tech nano-particles
Produces metallic microspheres
Carbon: gas/explosive effect
Nano thermite: Livermore Labs

NIST vs The engineering community
The British construction industry magazine
New Civil Engineer International ( NCEI )
Has posted articles critical of the NIST study
Raising such issues as:
• NIST continually changing it’s story
• NIST “refusing to show computer visualizations (ie simulations) of the
[global] collapse”

NIST vs The Engineering Community
Jon Magnusson, CEO of Magnusson Klemencic
Associates, based in Seattle WA
Seattle Seattle vs NIST

NIST vs The engineering community

NIST vs The engineering community
James Quintiere, PhD,
• One of the world’s leading fire science researchers
• Former Chief of the Fire
Science Division of NIST
• Objected to certain aspects of the NIST investigation
• Has called for an independent review.

NIST vs The fire engineering community
Erik Lawer, Seattle area firefighter, founded Firefighters for 9-11 Truth
The website states:
"...NFPA
(National Fire Protection Association)
921 , which is the National Standard for Fire and
Explosion Investigations, very clearly indicates … that the possibility of explosives should have been thoroughly investigated.
[But was not]

How all three buildings fell
Shared features in fall of WTC 1, 2, 7:
Perfectly symmetric at or near free fall speed
Pyro cloud
Eroded/vaporized steel
Molten metal in basement
Squibs
Red and Grey chips/microspheres

To be Released Sept 1 2011

Appendix 1: NIST:
Failed in their assigned mission of finding the cause of global collapse
Drew conclusions inconsistent with photographic evidence, statements from eyewitnesses, the 911
Commission report, and even their own evidence
Provided no momentum transfer analysis of their alleged upper and lower blocks

Appendix 1: NIST:
Omitted or distorted many important aspects:
Building free fall
Movement of the WTC1 antenna before the adjacent façade,
Disintegration of “upper blocks”
Squibs,
Pyroclastic dust clouds,
Pools of molten metal in the WTC basements
Eye witness reports

Appendix 1: NIST:
Failed to provide follow up study of the
“eutechtic reaction” referenced in FEMA
Appendix C
Failed to test for explosives residue.

Each tower was 1375 ft. tall, with 110 floors of 12.5 ft. height
Each consisted of a perimeter of 244 structural steel columns forming a square plan, with horizontal bracing (spandrels) and extremely rigid chamfered corners.
The building cores, of dimensions 79X139 ft., was a veritable forest of 47 columns, horizontal and diagonal cross braced.
The 47 core columns varied in thickness with floor height. Individual core columns in the lower core measured 52 x 22 in. (in plan), and were formed of
5 and 3 inch plate into almost solid steel shafts that weighed up to 56 tons.
This construction changed to relatively light I-beam cross section above the
85th floor .

Other problems with descending block scenario
Small number of upper floors vs lower floors
Lower floors constructed with more massive beams to support more weight
No momentum transfer anaysis

Other problems with descending block scenario
• FEMA, notes the average core box column cross section construction changed to relatively light I-beam cross section above the 85th floor
•
S tower impact at 78-85 th floor
•
N tower impact at 94-98 th floor

Other problems with descending block scenario
Stress of the Impact of an “upper block” with a “lower block” will be propagated rapidly through the entire structure. This propagation will absorb energy, and the question is, as in the case of an elastic spring, how much energy can the structure absorb without breaking.

Other problems with descending block scenario
Gordon Ross did such an analysis, and found that the lower floors would stretch enough to absorb the energy of impact
NIST provided no such momentum transfer analysis

Other problems with descending block scenario
Intact portions of tower, apparently hanging in mid air above the “collapse wave”

Other problems with descending block scenario
Official stories inconsistent
• In 2006, Implosion World published a paper on how the tower destruction was NOT like a CD
• Author notes that
95% of the debris fell outside the building footprint. This is inconsistent with
NIST’s contention that the huge mass of the upper floors crushed the lower floors

Appendix
Events at the World Trade Center:

A document from the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey
(PANYNJ) indicated that the impact of a Boeing 707 aircraft was analyzed during the design stage of the WTC towers. The analysis concluded that such a collision “would result in only local damage which could not cause collapse or substantial damage to the building.…”
NIST supporter Eduardo Kausel of MIT argues that the 707 and 767 are comparable aircraft, and that fire caused the collapse.

Appendix 5
Timeline
According to media reports, American Airlines
Boeing 767 Flight 11 crashed between floors 94 and 98 of the North Tower at 8:46 a.m. The North
Tower collapsed at 10:29 a.m. According to media reports, United Airlines Boeing 767 Flight 175 crashed between floors 78 and 85 of the South
Tower at 9:03 a.m. The South Tower collapsed at
9:59 a .
m.

, got access to the steel before the
ASCE/FEMA team and NIST.
Despite the fact that 40 percent of a steel beam was torn away, the column did not collapse, an example of redundancy built into the 1970s-vintage structure.

NIST vs The engineering community
Architects and Engineers for 9/11 Truth
( www.ae911truth.org
), founded by Richard Gage in 2006, is the preeminent organization in the engineering community looking closely at the fall of the WTC buildings
Currently 1500+ architecture and engineering professionals have signed the AE petition asking Congress for a serious investigation into the destruction of the WTC buildings

Conclusion