Relevant sectors in Slovakia
Mária ŠÁŠIKOVÁ, BIC Bratislava, EEN Slovakia
Textile industry – general overview
• Tradition
• Significant development in industrial production of textiles – 1860s
• Rapid development started at the end of 19th and beginning of
20th century – drapery plants in Trenčín (town of fashion) , Čadca,
Rajec, cotton spinning mill and thread production in Bratislava
• Crutial development after 1948 within the framework of
industrialization of Slovakia (reconstruction, new factories, modern
technology)
• In 1985 – more than 74 000 employees
• After 1989 – decline in the rate of production and employment
• Extremely high export involvement
• More than 85 % of the number employed in industry are
women in higher age groups
• The textile and garment industry in Slovakia is
characterized by relatively low labor productivity, which
is partly reflected in low levels of wages
• Low wages - the average monthly wage in the large
textile enterprises is not at two-thirds of the average of
the slovak industry, in the sector of the apparel it is just
over half
• Crucial part of the industry capacity is allocated in the
less developed regions of Slovakia
Textile Industry
Subsectors:
• Manufacture of textiles
• Manufacture of wearing apparel
Number of enterprises
2008
2009
2010
2011
Manufacture of textiles 53
47
42
51
Manufacture of
wearing apparel
137
108
96
149
Source: Statistical Office of the Slovak republic, 2012
Textile industry
Company
Products
2011 (EUR Export/Sales
Largest
companies of the
Slovak TextileSales
industry
2011
´000)
2011 (%)
After-tax
profit 2011
(EUR ´000)
Average
number of
employees
1. Trim Leader, a.s.
textile and leather
car seats
73 781
N.A.
3 811
N.A.
2. Belfein Slovakia, a.s.,
Čadca
production of
stockings
37 384
N.A.
109
N.A.
3. Tytex Slovakia, s.r.o.
Humenné
pantie-stockings
21 458
99,4 %
179
433
4. Muller Textiles Slovkia,
Myslina
textiles
19 592
100 %
N.A.
94
5. Sperian Protection s.r.o.
Slovakia, Partizánske
Production of textile
goods, textile and
leather parts of
protective clothing
16 732
100 %
543
326
6. Dipex, s.r.o., Sereď
technical textiles
12 811
N.A.
446
N.A.
7. Texiplast, a.s., Ivanka pri
Nitre
manufacture of
woven geotextiles
for civil engineering
11 636
N.A.
1 463
N.A.
Average number of employees
• Sept. 2012 – 35 143 (Manufacture of textiles, apparel, leather
and related products) – 30 % decline in comparison with 1990
Source: : Statistical Office of the Slovak republic,
http://portal.statistics.sk/files/Sekcie/sek_500/Priemysel/publikacia/2011/el.publ.01_2012h.pdf
Trends in development
•
•
•
•
Stagnation, the declining share of this sector on GDP
Poor labour productivity
Decreasing employment
Only a few top producers remained (Makyta Púchov, Odeva
Lipany, Ozeta Neo, Trenčín).
• Number of businesses are in crisis, respectively on the verge
of bankruptcy
• Chinese expansion, strong import growth and the pressure of
cheaper, especially Asian garments and textiles (China,
Thailand, India)
Success story – MAKYTA Púchov
• Has overcome the transition from socialism to a marketdriven economy
• Makyta has started it´s production in 1944
• Pre-war times times – production of uniforms
• Largest manufacturer of women´s outwear in Slovakia
• 620 employees (in 2001 company had 3 200 employees)
• Main customers: Armani, Prada, Versace, Valentino, Max
Mara, Lacoste - high quality in small batches
Structure of Makyta production
2009
2010
2011
Clothing confection
85,4 %
96,5 %
97,5 %
Production of individual
protection
0,9 %
2%
2,1 %
Production of car-seat covers
13,4 %
2,2 %
0%
Other manufactoring
0,3 %
0,4 %
0,4 %
Suggestions for futher actions
•
•
•
•
Non-price (quality) competition
Producing high quality innovative or luxury products
Production of technical textiles
Exports products to the markets of the EU and third
country markets
Leather industry
• Subsectors:
– leather
– leather products
– shoe industry
• Long time tradion - Liptovský Mikuláš (Northern Slovakia) –
tan dissapered, Bošany (Bošianska Koželužňa, s.r.o.)
• Shoe industry: Partizánske, Bardejov, Bánovce n. B., Komárno
• SlovTan Contract Tannery - manufacturing programme
covering the entire process from entry of raw hides up to the
dispatch of finished leathers
• Just manufacturing of leather products (K CERO)
Number of enterprises
Manufacture of
leather and related
products
2008
2009
2010
2011
61
53
45
40
Source: Statistical Office of the Slovak republic, 2012
Largest companies of leather, boot-and-shoe industry
producing leather products in Slovakia
Company
Sales 2011 (EUR
´000)
Export/Sales 2011
(%)
After-tax profit
2011 (EUR ´000)
Average number of
employees
1. Rieker obuv, s.r.o., Komárno
138 125
99 %
1 721
128
2. Ecco Slovakia
97 255
99,9 %
3 702
1 008
3. Gabor, s.r.o. Bánovce nad
Bebravou
80 518
92,5 %
3 933
1 393
4. Trim Leader, a.s. Košťany nad
Turcom
73 781
N.A.
3 811
N.A.
5. SlovTan Contract Tannery, s.r.o.
Liptovský Mikuláš
13 772
N.A.
1 678
N.A.
6. Euroobuv, s.r.o. Komárno
11 635
N.A.
230
1 078
7. Obuv – Špeciál, s.r.o. Bardejov
11 298
45,7 %
98
226
8. Sperian Protection Slovakia,
s.r.o., Partizánske
9 046
97,4 %
411
149
9. Howe Slovensko s.r.o.
7 077
N.A.
255
N.A.
Trends in development
• Production increased because of the automotive industry
(Eissmann Automotive Slovensko - automotive interior
components made of leather and artificial leather for VW,
Volvo, Jaguar, Audi), Adtool (Považská Bystrica) – driving
wheel, interior components
• 2010 – post crisis growth – most businesses have not received
the level before the crisis
• Under the pressure of global competition
• Footwear and leather industry covers the current domestic
consumption only slightly- saturated market (imported
footwear)
Suggestions for further actions
• Prospective area is custom-made leather, fur and
shoe manufacturing, which will focus on the
individual approach to customers and create
products according to their specific needs and
wishes.
Paper industry
• Cellulose is produced by the largest firm in this sector in SR Mondi SCP, a.s., Ružomberok and Bukóza Holding, a.s.,
Hencovce. The largest processors of waste paper are Metsä
Tissue, a.s. Žilina and SHP Harmanec, Convetis, s.r.o.
(Štúrovo)
Manufacture of
paper and paper
products
2008
2009
2010
2011
45
45
44
42
Paper industry – brief overview
• The consumption of paper in Slovakia is very high (85 kg p.c.)
• Yet domestic production is higher than consumption
• Growing consumption also significantly helps wrapping-paper
producers.
• Paper producers active in Slovakia are mostly export oriented
• Problem: lack of wood - Slovakia is not using any fast growing
plants (import of wood mass from Ukraine, Hungary and
Belarus) and growing prices of energies, coniferous wood
Major companies in paper industry
Company
Sales 2011 (EUR
´000)
Average number
of employees
About
1. Mondi SCP, a.s. Ružomberok
502 614
1 466
The largest pulp and paper producer in
Slovakia.
2. Bukocel, a.s. Hencovce
192 025
799
The only Slovak pulp mill.
3. SCA Hygiene Products Slovakia,
s.r.o. Gemerská Hôrka
165 021
1 133
Increasing production in order to overcome
a drop in revenues.
4. SHPHarmanec, a.s., Harmanec
118 116
1 090
Products of Harmony brand - handkerchiefs,
toilet paper, paper napkins, paper towels
5. Metsa Tissue Slovakia, s.r.o.
Žilina
110 250
N.A.
Previously Tento Žilina, the company
invested large amounts into modernization.
6. Grafobal a.s., Skalica
57 750
759
Solid cardboard packages
7. Mondi Packaging Ružomberok
47 927
N.A.
kraft paper
8. Duropack Turpak Obaly, a.s.
Martin
28 924
218
production of corrugated board, packaging
9. Harmanec Kuvert, s.r.o. Brezno
15 609
123
Production of envelopes
10. Convertis, s.r.o. Štúrovo
10 498
N.A.
tissues
Average number of employees
Source: Statistical Office of the Slovak republic,
http://portal.statistics.sk/files/Sekcie/sek_500/Priemysel/publikacia/2011/el.publ.01_2012h.pdf
Trends in paper industry
• Total earnings of the paper industry in 2010 decreased as a result of
termination of production in Smurfit Kappa Štúrovo.
• Export revenues decreased also in other companies operating in the
Union of pulp and paper industry of SR.
• Current economic crisis: decline of revenues – decrease of prices but with
stable volume of orders
• Situation reflected also by international companies – e.g. Mondi Business
Paper decreased their manufacturing capacities by 14 % and sold certain
plants abroad. Smurfit Kappa located in Štúrovo faced significant
difficulties and ceased production and dismissed all 350 employees as the
result of demand decrease in 2010.
Chemical industry
Chemical industry
• Traditionally held and still holds a strong position (strategic
sector)
• 1990 – process of transformation (strong production base, a
well-developed research capacity, very good level of human
potential):
– Orientation of exports changed
– Negative impact - production units did not survive the competition
(costs, ecological requirements, quality parameters)
– Problems: were related to the lack of financial resources,
expensive bank loans and a rise in the price of raw materials which
could hardly be reflected in the prices of the final products due to
the competition.
Number of enterprises (4 subsectors)
2008
2009
2010
2011
Manufacture of coke and refined
petroleum products
6
6
5
5
Manufacture of chemicals
51
61
50
48
Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical
products
14
14
11
11
Manufacture of rubber products
157
171
166
177
Average number of emploeeys
• Source:
Important localities of chemical industry
• Most important producers: Slovnaft (Bratislava), Duslo (Šala)
• Pharmaceutical products: Slovenská Ľupča (Biotika a.s.) ,
Hlohovec (Zentiva a.s.), Nitra (Mevak SK), Šarišské Michaľany
(Imuna Pharm a.s.)
• Manufacture of rubber: Púchov (Continental Matador
Rubber, Continental Matador Truck Tires),
• Manufacture of plastics products: Trnava , Nitra (Plastika, HTP
Slovakia, Bourbon Automotive Plastics, Sehwa SK), Žilina
(Quinn Plastics Slovakia)
Largest companies in chemical industry 2011
Company
Sales 2011 (EUR
´000)
Export/Sales 2011
(%)
After-tax profit
2011 (EUR ´000)
Average number of
employees
1. Slovnaft, a.s. Bratislava
4 729 687
69,5 %
-18 643
3 624
2. Continental Matador Rubber,
s.r.o., Púchov
595 971
67,1 %
39 085
2 175
3. Continental Matador Truck Tires,
s.r.o., Púchov
554 142
89 %
56 149
1 142
4. Duslo, a.s. Šaľa
459 774
81,7 %
33 997
2 233892
5. Zentiva, a.s. Hlohovec
223 156
N.A.
7 550
N.A.
6. Novácke chemické závody (v
konkurze)
174 080
N.A.
N.A.
2 132
7. Chemosvit, a.s., Svit
157 738
N.A.
2 011
N.A.
8. Meroco, a.s. Leopoldov
157 438
N.A.
7 450
N.A.
9. Nexis Fibers, a.s. Humenné
99 443
96,2 %
N.A.
318
10. Inergy Automotive Systems
Slovakia, s.r.o. Lozorno
94 522
34,6 %
5 300
172
New trends at the beginning of millenium
• the strengthening position of Asian competitors,
• the growth of the Slovak economy, driven by FDI - employment in the
chemical industry has been growing since 2004, mainly thanks to the
development and large investments in plastic production
• the strengthening of the Slovak currency – a negative impact on Slovak
exporters
• globalization tendencies
• Slovakia's accession to the European Union (TNK in chemical industry)
• 2007 – new legislation REACH - control and registration for most of the
chemical substances used in industry in a volume higher than 1 ton per
year.
• the costs of REACH at cca. 32 million EUR per year
• 2008-2009: fully influenced by the global economic crisis. refinery
production – 30 % sales reductions, limited access to credit bank loans as
a direct result of the financial crisis, collapse of many companies as a
result of crisis, ineffectiveness of anti-crisis measures.
• Sales of traditional chemical producers fell by a fifth
• Sales of plastic products manufacturers in 2009 decreased by 12 % and
sales of manufacturers of rubber decreased even by 25 %
• first half of year 2009 - entry of Slovakia into the euro area
Conslusion
• Strongest – Chemical industry
• Asian competition?
• Support of SMEs - high health and social insurance
payments (from 1.1.2013 – very high)
Contact
Mária ŠÁŠIKOVÁ
t: 02/ 5441 7515
BIC Bratislava
t: 02/ 5441 7606
Enterprise Europe Network
e: info@bic.sk
Zochova 5
811 03 Bratislava
www.BIC.sk
www.Enterprise-Europe-Network.sk
Thank you !