TThe engineer of the 21st century:
a renaissance engineer?
H.De Man
Em.Prof. K.U.Leuven
Em. Senior Fellow IMEC
hugo.deman@telenet.be
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Outline
1. The industry and the role of the Ph.D.
2. The 21st Century: a renaissance century?
– Extreme changes in society-technology-science
3. The renaissance engineer of the 21st century
– Profile
– Skills and attitudes
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
1.‘The’ industry and role of
engineer
Bridge of innovation: knowledge -> know-how -> €€$$
Society
opportunity
What?
Concept
Specify
Market
How?
Sales
€
Design
Time
Product
Manufacture Service
=system
Technology, Methodology
Basic science
Social skills
Time =money, time to market = win or lose!
Good enough > best
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Many Engineering profiles…one team
Market analyst
Society
opportunity
What?
Concept
Service/application Eng
Market
How?
Specify
Design
Manufacture
System
R&D. Eng
Process Eng
System Eng
Design Eng
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
System?
“Set of interacting (sub)systems perceived as a whole,
performing a useful function by interaction with human
or other environment.”
Subsystem = component
Natural
System
Bottom-Up Top-Down
Implementation
Technical
System
Abstract
Whole,
Function
MIM
Specific
A-Levels
Hierarchy
Synthesis
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Structure
Architecture
Engineer  Scientist!
Scientist
Discovers
Engineer
Designs
= analysis
of
Natural Systems
= synthesis
of
Technical Systems
Laws of Nature
Knowledge
Product, Service,
Process
Contemplative
Single valued
6
Creative
Multiple Solutions
H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Synthesis: from abstract to specific
(Top-down design)
Environment
1
System
2
3
1
2
3
Boundary Conditions
Method to master complexity!
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
A remarkable parallel…
Designing a Chip
Designing a Bacterium
Bio-Engineer
E-Engineer
gaattcgcgg…
10011000..
genoom
DNA Design!
IN
OUT
IN
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
OUT
Organizing System Engineering
System Architect
(senior)
– Tall-Thin person, fought in all trenches, technical leadership
– Generalist in technology, master in complexity and people
mgmt. & planning & system integration, non-tech comm. skills
Engineering teams
(junior)
– Short and Fat. Technical experts at AL.
– Team and communication skills
Process design:
–
–
–
–
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System level design: process architects
Process integration
Process engineering teams- > process flow, PERT planning
Communication and reporting protocol
H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Of projects,teams and testing
Task at given
Abstraction level
Project
(Architecture)
Precedence
Design trajectory# 1
2
3
4
T1
Sequential
Design
Tv
test
test
T4
test
integration
Vertical
Design team
(Waterfall)
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1 project, n teams
Parallel teams
T1
T2
T3
CAE!
TEST
H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
test
Concurrent
Design teams
(Concurrent
Engineering)
Industrial eco-system: also a
system!
Companies interact in a hierarchical ind. “eco-system”
Society
Market
What?
Concept
How?
Specify
Design
Produce
Outsourcing
CAE
Parts
Design offices
Machines
Research Institutes
Ph.D. friendly
Support industry
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Materials
H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
System
Globalising Industrial Eco-systeem
Network of agile KNOWLEDGE intensive companies
€€€
Telecom
Parts
Consumer
Products
System
Assembly
IP
Fabless
Design
Embedded
Software...
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Internet
Commerce
Software
Services
CHIP
foundry
Network
Operators
IP
Smart Fab.
Mechatronics
Process Dev.
H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
IP
Internet
Providers
Infotainment
Industry
IP=intellectual property
Towards ‘open innovation’
=>Young entrepreneurship in
virtual companies...
The industry of the 21st century = dynamic network
of knowledge based companies
that design and produce globally
agile Hi-Tech SME
Core competence
CHIP
EXPRESS
virtual company 1
ITCL
virtual company 2
Telecom
switch
EASICS
INTEL
USB PRODUCT
MICROSOFT
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Apple as a virtual global company
Ipad
Apps
Media
Location
Games
Weather
Lifestyle
…
WORLD
System
=Apple
Calif.
Samsung (Korea) ARM (UK) APSemi(US)
TI
(US)
NXP
(NL)
Compeq (Taiwan)
LG
(Korea)
Qualcomm (US-NL)
Assembly/Battery (China)
Touch screen(D, China)
http://www.ifixit.com/Teardown/iPad-Wi-Fi-Teardown/2183/2
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Want to be a manager? Which one?
General assembly
Board of Directors BOD
Share Holders
€
Ph.D. Eng
CEO
COO
BDO
CFO
CTO
HRM
Product
Market
Stock
Market
CEO
Design
BDO
time
cost
Specify
COO
Produce
Concept
System
CFO
HRM
CLO
CTO
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Mgm
team
Where does the Ph.D. fit into this?
• Profile best suited for research oriented companies
and research institutes
a) Research intensity of Belgian companies?
b) Hi-tech start-ups for the entrepreneurially
minded
c) Research institutes offer career or a bridge to
the industrial (hi tech) R&D world
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
a) Research intensity per sector (B)
60
1
50
Econ. Weight
3
40
2
30
20
5
6
4
10
0
http://www.pharma.be/assets/files/2177/2177_129356773597856484.pdf
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
R&D-Spending
R&D-Personnel
10% Ind. R&D personnel = Ph.D.
16%
R&D teamleader = CTO
System architect
Expert team member
10%
Ph.D.
Master Univ.
Master Hogeschool
26%
48%
Technici-Admin
http://www.belspo.be/belspo/home/publ/pub_ostc/ind/ind9_nl.pdf
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
R&D share vs. size of company
SME Country!
+10%
R&D share
http://www.belspo.be/belspo/home/publ/pub_ostc/ind/ind9_nl.pdf
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
-9%
R&D cluster 1:
DSP Valley: next door!
NXP
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http://www.dspvalley.com/
H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Eindhoven-Leuven-Aachen
Hi-Tech Area
http://www.elat.org/
Open Innovation concept  NIH
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_innovation
H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
R&D Cluster 2:
Leuven Bio-Incubator: innovation shift!
Univ
R&D
Athersys USA
Roche CH
J&J, Bayer, BASF…
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
€
Flanders Bio Cluster3
http://flandersbio.be/files/Activity_Report_FlandersBio_LowRes.pdf
http://flandersbio.be/files/BIOTECH_WEB.pdf
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
b) Start your own Hi-Tech SME?
Do you have a good concept with market value?
Are you creative, entrepreneurial, flexible? Then:
• International Market study
• Business plan
• Financial plan
• Search for venture capital provider(s)
• Team : CEO, (COO), CTO, marketing, R&D team
Make use of starter’s coaching!!!
TEST YOURSELF! www.sokwadraat.be/Page-online_START_UP_ready_tes-NL.htm
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Starter’s coaching
lrd.kuleuven.be/spinoff/index
…
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ACCO 10€
www.sokwadraat.be/
…
http://www.robtv.be/nieuws/leuven/so-kwadraat-wil-10000-jobs-creeren
H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Venture Capital Providers
www.allegroinvestmentfund.com
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lrd.kuleuven.be/spinoff/gff-informatie
H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Test your creativity and innovation
skills…
www.flandersdc.be/view/nl/1397131
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
c) Research Institutes (RI)
•
•
•
•
•
Bridge between university and industry (worldwide)
From knowledge->know-how and transfer to industry
System oriented/multidisciplinary (demonstrators!)
Creation of industrial leadership (system thinking)
Generator, incubator and coaching of spin-offs
IMEC (micro-nano-neuro-solar energy tech)
VIB (bio-tech)
VITO (energy, environment)
IBBT (societal apps for broadband communication)
ENERGYVILLE (smart grids)
FMTC (mechatronics)
SCK (nuclear tech, 4th gen nuclear)
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Role of research institutes…
Exploratory Research
Universities
Ph.D
System level
Integrative R&D
2010 0
Demonstrators
Transfer-Spin-off
Industry
5
R&D teams
Society
2020
10
Integrating research into solutions…
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
RI: Meeting place of academy and
industry
Affiliated
Universities
Research Institute
Thematic ‘vertical’
system projects
L.T.
M.L.T.
Valorisation
ind. resident
Coaching
IP
Contracting
investments
professor
Ph.D.
M.Sc
Ph.D, academia
Fundamental hor. problems
32
Affiliated
Companies
Start-ups
H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Ph.D.
ind. M.Sc
Methods, prototypes, IP
Websites
IMEC: www2.imec.be/be_nl/home.html
VITO : www.vito.be/VITO/NL/HomePageAdmin/Home
VIB: www.vib.be/nl/Pages/default.aspx
IBBT: http://www.ibbt.be/nl
ENERGYVILLE: www.energyville.be/indexeng.html
FMTC: www.fmtc.be/en/getpage.php?i=1
SCK: www.sckcen.be/
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Outline
1. The industry and the role of the Ph.D.
2. The 21st Century: a renaissance century?
– Extreme changes in society-technology-science
3. The renaissance engineer of the 21st century
– Profile
– Skills and attitudes
34
H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
A century of ‘Megashocks’
See: Econoshock, Geert Noels, Hautekiet
‘Hoe 6 economische schokken uw leven
fundamenteel zullen veranderen’
Simultaneous Megashocks…
•
•
•
•
•
•
35
Demography: towards 9B in 2050, aging of society
Center of gravity moves east (multipolar world)
ICT driven globalisation, social media, revolutions
End of fossil fuels, scarsity of raw materials
Towards ‘post-capitalist’ society?*
Towards a green economy
*www.tedxbrussels.eu/2011/speakers/marc-luyckx-ghisi/
H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Technological Shocks
Century
20
Technology Production factor Product
I Fossil Fuel Energy
Machines
Labour
Mat. Goods
Cars, Planes
Capital
II Electrical Energy
Manufacturing
ComputerChips, DNA, tech at nano-scale
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III
Information
+
Communication
(ICT)
+
Brains
Knowledge
IVBio-Neuro-en Nanotech
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Personalised
Services, products
Lifestyle
Health Care
Sustainability !
Science and Technology
are merging into Techno-Science!
Intelligent
systems?
Information +Bio+Nano+Energy
Energy Mfg. Goods
Qu
M
Phys.Sc.
Th
1800
Era
Scale
39
Life
Sciences
At
Neuro
Science
El
1900
Science
Macro
Convergence
Intelligence
Complexity
2000
Technology
Techno-Science
Micro
H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Nano
=> Converging Technologies
Innovation will emerge from synergy
of techno-science disciplines rather than from
individual disciplines e.g.
Ambient Intelligence
Mechatronics / Nanoelectronics /Nanomaterials
Smart Mobility
Smart Grids + PV
Synthetic biology
Nano-medicine
Personalized (tele)medicine
…
‘Creativity is connecting things’ Steve Jobs
Van Santen et al.: 2030 Technology that will change the world (Oxford)
http://ec.europa.eu/research/conferences/2004/ntw/pdf/final_report_en.pdf
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Ambient Intelligence
Signal Processing
A/D
D/A
HARDWARE
transmission
v(t)
0110101..
“Embedded” SOFTWARE
Signal
Conditioning
Sensors
p,T,x’’...
observation
Actuator
Powering
Components
Actuators
Machine, Building
Biosystem, Man,
Animal…
control
“Environment”
ICT-Cw-Bio-Nano-Intelligence
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Impacts whole society
AmI changes the way people
experiences his surroundings
Requires holistic approach:
Society driven technology i.o.
tech driven society.
(social innovation)
Renaissance ingenieurs needed!
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Bron: E. Aarts, Philips
Mechatronics
Ambient Intelligence applied to mech systems
http://www.edn.com/article/509476-Complexity_demands_a_new_engineering_mindset.php
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Smart Grid: El.Net + ICT
Energyville (Waterschei EIT)
Solar Roofs
Wind turbines
VITO
KUL
IBBT
IMEC
Eandis
Infrax
SPE
Telenet
Belgacom
Alcatel
Laborelec
Fifthplay…
Telecom
EV
Bron: VITO
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Nuclear
Gas
E-Storage
mWKK
ICT for
Smart E-control
H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Synthetic Biology=
Where Bio meets Engineering
Specifications
Biology
Chemistry
DNASeqSyn
Engineering
SYNBIO
bioethics
BioInformatics
System Design Methodology
Standardized BioParts
Simulation-Modeling Tools
Product
genoom
BioBrick
IN
45
http://partsregistry.org/Main_Page
gaattcgcgg…
H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
DNA
Ontwerp!
UIT
Gene Chip
BioSensors
LoC, Mol. Imaging
Bio-informatics
Targeted Drug Delivery
BioSensors
Telemed.
46
Bio-Nano-ICT convergence at all stages!
H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Biotope of today’s engineer
(scientist)
• Information explosion: *3/10y, 6000p/day…
• Unprecedented rate of Change: half-life product < 5y
• Converging disciplines: broad-depth conflict
• Globalised markets, virtual companies
• Towards flat, agile company structures
• Sustainable manufacturing crucial (cradle-to-cradle, recycling)
• More societal responsibility imposed by law
• Trend towards ‘open innovation’ eco-systems (sharing cost)
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
So…
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Remember..
It is not the strongest of the
species that survives, or the
most intelligent; it is the one
most capable of change
Darwin
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Outline
1. The industry and the role of the Ph.D.
2. The 21st Century: a renaissance century?
– Extreme changes in society-technology-science
3. The renaissance engineer of the 21st century
– Profile
– Skills and attitudes
50
H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
‘Renaissance Engineer’ ?
Renaissance = system oriented merging of disciplines
in the fast changing biotope of the 21st century…
• Engineer oriented towards social innovation =
• Innovation driven by the grand societal needs of
the 21st century and in an economic- ecologic
win-win scenario
• Operating in agile, dynamic and virtual company
structures
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Renaissance Engineer?
This one?
or that one?

x
1 / 16
e
dx

4

 ???

2
0
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
But renaissance engineer is:
M/W oriented towards social innovation:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Teamplayer  techno nerd
With cross-disciplinary communication skills
Trained in system thinking (sees the whole)
Independent and interpersonal lifelong learning skills
Able to cope with diversity and change
World citizen (language, culture…)
Co-architect of future society
–
–
–
–
From societal vision to customer solutions
With sustainable economic value: entrepreneur!
An eye for moral and ethical values
Willing to to participate to the public debate!
http://www.newproductdynamics.com/FldGd1998/FldGd1998.pdf
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Are our universities ready for that?
Today
Tomorrow
Sciences Engineering
Social Sciences
Techno-science for Social
Innovation
Hyperspecialized publication
fever
Cross-disciplinary research and
education
Mono-disciplinary research
funding
Cross-disciplinary funding
Publication oriented Eng. Ph.D.
Innovation oriented Eng. Ph.D.
⇒ Academic career
⇒ Technical leadership
Entrepreneurial thinking
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Perception of Ph.D. in industry
This…
But also that?
Independent problem solving
Deep specialisation (peephole)
Too solitary?
Not enough eye for context?
Innovation skills?
Research skills
Peer-to-peer communication
Social skills?
Market aware, economic skills?
IQ ok!
EQ?
Open up your mind!
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
What can you do about it?
• Be open for teamwork (leadership – membership)
• Coaching of team-based project education
• Contact companies at international conferences
• Test yourself for creativity and entrepreneurship
• Take the ‘Initiatie tot ondernemen’ course
• Go for industrial internalships
• Get language and cultural skills: explore the world!
• Confront your research with public opinion…
• …
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Dismantled mythes…
www.ugent.be/nl/onderzoek/doctoreren/visie/rapportdoctoreren/survey2006.pdf
Doctoreren in Vlaanderen (3695 ondervraagden)
1. Ph.D. presents no added value at recruitment
-
73% yes to added value, 10% neutral, 17% no
-
After that counts WHO you are (EQ!)
2. Ph.D. has no impact on salary
-
Not so. On average 248€ more, after 10-15y 496€
-
But that’s not what you do it for, I suppose?
3. Professional experience at university is crucial
-
Only 33% thinks yes…rest thinks other skills count
more
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC
Remember…
“The mind is like a parachute:
It only functions when open”
(Frank Zappa)
HAVE FUN!!!
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H.De Man/KULeuven/IMEC