Wide Area
Augmentation
System (WAAS) –
Program Update
By:
Deane Bunce
SBAS Manager
Federal Aviation Administration
Date: February 2, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
Agenda
•
•
•
•
•
WAAS Overview
WAAS Performance
WAAS GEO Activities
WAAS Future Plans
User Segment Update
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
2
Wide Area Augmentation System
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
38 Reference
3 Master
6 Ground
Stations
Stations
Earth Stations
3 Geostationary
2 Operational
Satellite Links
Control Centers
Federal Aviation
Administration
3
WAAS Development Phases
•
Phase I: IOC (July 2003) Completed
– Included Development of a robust safety architecture
– Included establishment of WAAS expert panel to evaluate potential integrity
threats
•
Phase II: Full LPV (FLP) (2003 – 2008) Completed
– Completed a Safety Risk Management Decision (SRMD) to support LPV-200
(VAL of 35m)
– Expanded WAAS coverage to Mexico and Canada while modifying the System
to address observed Ionospheric threats
•
Phase III: Full LPV-200 Performance (2009 – 2013)
– Completed System updates to improve performance during moderate
ionospheric activity
– Supported continuous monitoring of system data that contributes to continued
integrity assurance
– Began transition of Second Level Engineering from contractor based to organic
FAA capability
•
Phase IV: Dual Frequency (L1,L5) Operations (2014 – 2044)
– Includes the transition from use of L2 to L5 in WAAS reference stations
– Infrastructure modifications to support future L1/L5 user capability
– Support sustainment of WAAS GEOs
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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WAAS Safety Computer
• Development Phase
– Design
• Single design for C&V and GUS application
• RTCA DO-178B Assurance Level B and DO-254 Compliant
– 28 Initial Production Units available by December 2014
• Production Phase
– 42 Additional Production Units available by September 2015
– Total of 70 units
• Deployment
– Integration of units into WAAS
• C&V Mode: mid 2016 – 2017
• GUS Mode: late 2017 – 2018
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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WAAS Telecommunications U/G
• Design completed
– Upgrade of
• Circuit Architecture
• Doubling of Bandwidths, and
• Physical Interface
– Technology Refresh – Equipment (Routers,
Switches, Network Taps, etc.) upgrades addressing
obsolescence
– Network Management and Security upgrades
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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WAAS Telecommunications U/G
• Development in progress
– Software, Hardware, and Tools development in
progress
– Telecommunications Upgrade Integration Tests
scheduled from May 2014 – Dec 2014
• Deployment
– Telecommunications U/G Implementation Plans
developed
– Procurement of Circuits in progress. Delivery of 40
services scheduled for July 2014
– Fielding of Telecommunications U/G planned from
early 2015 into 2016
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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WAAS G-III
• Development Phase completed
• Capabilities
– GPS L1 C/A, L1C, L2 PY, L2 C, L5 GPS
– SBAS L1 C/A, L5
– Up to 18 GPS / 8 SBAS channels tracked
• Production Phase in progress
– Initial batch of G-III receivers procured under
development contract
– Total of 176 units
• 30 delivered
• 23 by the end of March 2014
• 50 by the end of FY 14
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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G-III Test
• Compatibility testing accomplished using
G-III receivers at six operational WRSs
– Receivers installed in side-by-side arrangement with
operational G-II receivers using same clock and
antenna inputs
• G-III data packaged in WAAS format and
substituted for operational data in test
master station (NASE/Shadow)
• Deployment into WAAS
– Starting 2015 into 2016
– G-II Functional replacement
– WAAS software updates for G-III fielding are in
development
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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WAAS Reference Station Network and
Test Sites
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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WAAS Coverage
2003 IOC – LPV Coverage in
lower 48 states only
2008 Coverage - Full LPV 200
Coverage in CONUS (2 Satellites)
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
2013 Coverage - Full LPV 200
Coverage in CONUS (3 Satellites)
Federal Aviation
Administration
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WAAS RNP 0.3 and RNP 0.1
Coverage
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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12
WAAS GEO Status
• Current WAAS
GEO satellites
– Intelsat Galaxy XV
(CRW)
– Anik F1R (CRE)
– Inmarsat I4F3
(AMR)
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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GEO 5
• Contract awarded to Raytheon in Sep. 2012
• WAAS payload to be hosted on Satmex 9
commercial satellite
– Satellite will be located at 117W degrees
• Launch planned in late 2015 with WAAS
signal becoming operational in 2017
• Satellite will replace one of 3 existing GEOs
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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Satmex 9 Schedule
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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Legend
Milestone
WAAS Schedule
Service Ended
Service Started
Satellite Development
FAA Independent
Activities
CY11
CY12
CY13
CY14
SC Development
CY15
CY16
CY17
CY18
CY19
CY20
7/14
Comm Upgrades
1/13
6/15
System-Wide
G-III Test Circuits
G-III Receiver
3/13
3/14
Development Production
8/15
Fielding
10/17
DFO and GEO Contracts
GEO 5
Satmex 9
GEO 6
GEO 7
12/15
AMR
Base Contract
Complete
Reacquired
11/16
CRW
Base Contract
Complete
7/17
CRE
Base Contract
Complete
12/13
9/14
Dual Frequency
Segment 1
DFO SIR DFO Award
Segment 2
International Tracking
• Currently track GNSS system coverage data
at the William J. Hughes Technical Center
(WJHTC) for WAAS, MSAS and EGNOS
– Track to RNP 0.3 and LPV equivalent levels
• With recent implementation of the GAGAN
system the WJHTC is researching ways to
obtain data for integration into the FAA’s
tracking tool
• WJHTC Tracking Tool available at:
– http://www.nstb.tc.faa.gov/SBAS24/
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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17
Federal Register Notice
• L1/L2 Sunset
– In 2008 the Office of Space Commercialization produced a
Federal Register Notice detailing the U.S. Government's plan
to phase out codeless and semi-codeless [L2 P(Y)] access to
GPS by 31 December 2020.
– Concern with the elimination of L1C/A signal prior to full
implementation of new L5 signal
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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Transition from L2 to L5
•
The overall WAAS coverage in the Continental US if there is full GPS Service
Availability (24+ Satellites) when the US transitions from L2 to L5
•
The overall WAAS coverage in the Continental US if GPS Service Availability
is reduced to 21 Satellites prior to full transition to L5
LPV
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
LPV-200
Federal Aviation
Administration
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WAAS Phase IV Dual Frequency
Operations
• Segment 1
– Develop of infrastructure improvements to support
use of L5
• 5 to 7 year effort
– G-III Reference Receiver Integration,
Communications Upgrade, Safety Computer
Integration
• Segment 2
– Implementation of L1/L5 user capability
• 5 to 7 year effort
• Dual Frequency Messaging
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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WAAS Phase IV Hardware Refresh
• Safety Computer
– Extends current performance to support new L5
frequency
– Single box supports both the WAAS Master Station
(WMS) GEO Uplink Station (GUS) configurations.
– 8 Pre-production units are being tested and integrated
within FAA shadow environments
– Additional 28 units will be delivered upon final unit
validation
• G-III Receiver
SC Conceptual Design: Rearview
– Recently taken acceptance of ~14 Production Receivers
June 2013
– Finalized Production Contract for ~ 165
Production Receivers
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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WAAS Communications Upgrade and Dual
Frequency Capability
• WAAS Communication network
– Study of existing Communication network identified
need to increase bandwidth and replace obsolete
equipment
– Upgrade being executed by WAAS Engineering
Team
– CDR completed in June 2013
• Dual-Frequency Capability
– Established a test network at 6 current Wide-area
Reference Stations to support L5 data collection
– Continuing algorithm development
• Completed prototype software development April 2013
– Capability follows L5 Full Operational Capability
(FOC) (L5 FOC expected around 2021)
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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WAAS Phase IV Investigations
• Dual-Frequency Multi-constellation Capability
– Address the International attention towards use of other GPS like
constellations
• Supporting efforts at International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
Navigation Systems Panel (NSP) and supporting development of draft
SARPs for foreign GNSS.
– Support User Equipment Standards for Dual-Frequency Operations
• Work with manufacturers in efforts to establish draft standards for a multiconstellation SBAS
• Primary efforts is development of the IWG Definition Document for SBAS and Multiconstellation
• Advanced RAIM (ARAIM)
– Avionics-centric approach to dual-frequency multi-constellation
– ARAIM subgroup working to finalize concept definition
• Number of potential architectures has been reduced
• One prime focus area is time required for fault monitoring notification (range from near
real-time to weeks)
• Update
Will be– IWG
used
WAAS Program
26to
February 5, 2014EUROCAE
coordinate standards development with
ICAO, RTCA and
Federal Aviation
Administration
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Airports with WAAS LPV/LP Instrument
Approaches
As of January 9th, 2014
- 3,889 LP/LPVs combined
- 3,364 LPVs serving 1,661 Airports
- 854 LPV-200’s
- 2,262 LPVs to Non-ILS Runways
- 1,102 LPVs to ILS runways
- 1,535 LPVs to Non-ILS Airports
- 525 LPs serving 381 Airports
- 522 LPs to Non-ILS Runway
- 3 LPs to ILS Runways
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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Recently Completed Program
Activities - Outreach Initiatives
• Northern Air Cargo: Equipped three B-737s with Universal Avionics UNS-1Fw
WAAS FMSs
– Benefits
• STC for first US-owned WAAS-equipped Boeing aircraft (B-737/200)
• STC applicability to over 1800 A/C world wide
• Bell Helicopters: Bell-429 helicopter equipped and Bell Project completed with
route structure and point-in-space instrument approach procedures successfully
demonstrated. PinS design criteria documentation submitted to FAA AFS-400
– Benefits
• WAAS shown to provide substantially lower minima
• Unique opportunity to Quantify benefits for WAAS serving as primary means of navigation
• CapeAir: Equipped six Cessna 402C aircraft with Garmin GNS-430W receivers
– Cape Air decision made to equip their entire fleet of 64 aircraft with WAAS LPV avionics
– Realized enhanced vertical guidance into remote airports that might not otherwise be serviced in low
instrument meteorological conditions (IMC).
– Additional wake turbulence avoidance procedure test completed (3.5 degree glide path angle)
• Care Flight: Completed STC and Flight Validation for August A-109E with Garmin
430W
– Program flight operations completed for hospital LPVs and non-interfering routes around DFW
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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Recently Completed Program
Activities - Outreach Initiatives (Cont.)
• FAA Citations: Equipped two aircraft with Universal UNS-1Fw FMSs
• Associated Aircraft Group (AAG): Two Sikorsky helicopters equipped
with Universal UNS-1Fw FMS
– Conducting IFR helicopter procedures and routing in the complex New York airspace.
South shore non-interfering routes flight tested by FAA Tech Center
• FAA Tech Center Convair Project:
– Convair 580 WAAS Beta 3/ADS-B Out STC issued
– Amended STC WAAS Delta 4/LPV/LP and ADS-B Out certification issued October 2013
• NetJets: Equipped 10 Hawker 900XP aircraft with Rockwell Collins FMS
and Integral WAAS GPS receiver. All NetJets’ new aircraft are ordered with
WAAS LPV capability
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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Current Program Activities - Outreach
Initiatives
• Horizon WAAS Data Collection: Initial project equipped seven Q-400 aircraft
with Universal WAAS flight management systems. Substantial benefits realized,
Horizon entire fleet of 50 Q400s now fully equipped:
– Lower Minimums with LPV approach, Precision Vertical Guidance, Primary Means Navigation,
RAIM Prediction Requirements, Best Alternative when ILS is OTS, Platform for RNP, Reduction of
Track Miles, Decommission NDB Approaches, and VOR Approaches reducing crew training
requirements and expense, best combination for PBN approach RNP / LPV / RNP
• Horizon Low Visibility Approach: Test and simulate low visibility approach
operations with Head-Up Guidance System and WAAS LPV to reduce
Decision Height and Runway Visual Range. Goal is 150 DH with 1400 RVR:
– 320 Simulation runs and 35 actual flight tests planned for data collection
• Express Jet (formerly ASA): Equip 4 Canadair Regional Jet 900 (CRJ900)
aircraft with Rockwell/Collins WAAS/LPV enabled GPS-4000S avionics
–
–
–
–
Phase 1: CVNAV Service Bulletin installs completed on April 8, 2013
Bombardier released the CRJ700/900 WAAS/LPV Service Bulletin on November 18th
Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) was issued on November 20th
Phase 2: WAAS/LPV STC installs expected to be completed January 2014
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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Questions
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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GNSS Enables Performance Based Navigation
APNT
Navigation
(> 99.0% Availability)
Accuracy
(95%)
Containment
(10-7)
*10 nm
20 nm
*4 nm
8 nm
*2 nm
4 nm
*1 nm
2 nm
LNAV
*0.3 nm
0.6 nm
RNP (AR)
*0.1 nm
**0.1 nm
LPV
16m/4m
40m/50m
LPV-200
16m/4m
40m/35m
GLS Cat-I
16m/4m
40m/10m
GLS Cat-III
16m/2m
40m/10m
En Route
Terminal
Surveillance
(>99.9% Availability)
Positioning
Separation
NACp
(95%)
NIC
(10-7)
GNSS PNT
(99.0 – 99.999%)
5 nm
185.2m
(7)
1 nm
(5)
GPS
3 nm
92.6m
(8)
0.6 nm
(6)
Legacy
APNT
GAP
2.5 nm
DPA
92.6m
(8)
0.2 nm
(7)
SBAS/WAAS
2.5 nm
DPA
92.6m
(8)
0.2 nm
(7)
2.0 nm
IPA
92.6 m
(8)
0.2 nm
(7)
GBAS
* Operational requirements are defined for total system accuracy, which is dominated by fight technical error.
Position accuracy for these operations is negligible.
** Containment for RNP AR is specified as a total system requirement; value representative of current approvals.
Dependent Parallel Approach (DPA)
Surveillance Integrity Level (SIL)
Navigation Accuracy Category
Independent Parallel Approach (IPA)
Navigation Integrity Category (NIC)
for Position (NACp)
WAAS Avionics Status
•
Garmin:
–
–
–
•
AVIDYNE & Bendix-King:
–
–
•
89,004+ WAAS LPV receivers sold
Currently largest GA panel mount WAAS Avionics supplier
New 650/750 WAAS capable units brought to market at the end of March 2011 to replace 430/530W units
223 Avidyne Release 9 units sold to date. Introduced IFD540 FMS/GPS/Nav/Com System with Touch screen
Bendix King KSN-770 certification pending
Universal Avionics:
–
–
Full line of UNS-1Fw Flight Management Systems (FMS) achieved avionics approval Technical Standards Orders
Authorization (TSOA) in 2007/2008
3,192+ WAAS receivers sold as of November 13, 2013
•
Rockwell Collins:
•
CMC Electronics:
–
–
–
–
•
Achieved Technical Standards Orders Authorization (TSOA) certification on their 5024 and 3024 WAAS Sensors
Convair aircraft have WAAS LPV capable units installed and received WAAS LPV STC October 2013
Canadian North B-737-300 obtained STC for SBAS(WAAS) LPV using dual GLSSU-5024 receivers
Honeywell:
–
–
•
•
Approximately 2,900 WAAS/SBAS units sold to date
Primus Epic “PlaneView” and “SmartView” avionics suites.
Primus 2000 w/FMZ- 2000, 6.1 FMS with CMA 4124 sensors
Innovative Solutions & Support: 200 integrated systems
Thales : Top Deck Integrated System ( Sikorsky S-76D)
WAAS Program Update – IWG 26
February 5, 2014
Federal Aviation
Administration
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