Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime
Transport
College of Engineering and Technology
Mechanical Engineering Department
Submitted by:
Prof. Mohamed A. Teamah
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Presentation Outline
1- Introduction
2- System Description and Modelling
3- Results and Discussions
4- Conclusion
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1-Introduction
Problem Definition:
•Renewable energies are more noticeable.
•The world is looking for Green Energy.
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Introduction
 Fossil fuels are not being newly formed
at any significant rate, and thus present
stocks are ultimately finite.
 The reserve lifetime of a resource may be
defined as the known stock amount
divided by the rate of present use.
 so the fuel price increases;
1-Introduction
Objectives:
1- Studies the performance of the micro-turbine generation system which is used
as a backup to satisfy the load demand in a hybrid power generation system.
2- Analytical model is developed to describe the thermal behavior of the solar
heaters and integrated with the controlled model of the micro-turbine.
3- Studies the effect of the solar heaters used to save fuel consumed in the microturbine model.
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1-Introduction
 This paper devoted to study the conversion of
solar energy to a mechanical energy in a
stand-alone hybrid power generation system.
 Modeling and simulation using MatlabSimulink provides expert help in
understanding hybrid system design.
 Also, dynamic behavior and simulation of an
integrated solar-micro-turbine model is
developed.
2-System Description and Modeling
2-System Description and Modeling
The hybrid solar microturbine system consists of:
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2-System Description and Modeling
Micro-turbine Model:
• Consists of fuel, speed and temperature control along with the combustor and
turbine dynamics.
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2-System Description and Modeling
Micro-turbine Model:
• The micro-turbine model is implemented using MATLAB Simulink
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2-System Description and Modeling
Solar Heater Cells Model:
• The solar air heaters configuration used is the solar collector with doubleparallel flow.
• An air stream between the absorber plate and the transparent cover and
another stream between the absorber plate and the bottom of the collector, in
parallel flow.
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2-System Description and Modeling
Solar Heater Cells Model:
• The useful energy gain (Qu) is expressed in terms of the air inlet temperature to
the collector (Ti) as:
Qu = Ac Fr [S- UL (Ti – Ta)]
Where, Ac is Heater Solar Cell Area , Fr is collector heat removal, UL is the overall heat loss coefficient ,
S is solar irradiance absorbed by the collector, and Ta is environment temperature.
•The output air temperature (To) from the collector is expressed as:
To = Ta + [S/ UL] + [Ti – Ta –(S/UL)] exp [(Ac F’ UL) / (m Cp)]
Where, Cp is specific heat of air, m is mass flow rate of air, F’ is the efficiency factor.
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2-System Description and Modeling
Solar Heater Cells Model:
• The inlet Temperature (Ti ) is expressed as:
Ti = Ta (P2 / P1)0.4/1.4
where, P1 is atmospheric pressure and P2 is air compression pressure.
•The instantaneous efficiency for double flow solar heaters (ŋ) is expressed by
as:
ŋ= 0.54 – [4.56 (Ti – Ta)/S]
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2-System Description and Modeling
Solar Heater Cells Model:
• The Solar Heater Cells model is implemented using MATLAB Simulink
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2-System Description and Modeling
Solar Heater Cells Model:
• The solar heaters model is being integrated with the micro-turbine model to
simulate a hybrid solar micro-turbine model.
• The amount of Fuel Power generated by the combustor (Qf) is expressed as:
Qf = [mf2 * HVMethane]
Qf = [mf1 * HVMethane] – [Cpair m (To - Ti)]
Where mf1 is fuel mass flow rate before using solar heater, mf2 is fuel mass flow rate after using solar
heater and HVMethane is the lower heating value of methane.
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2-System Description and Modeling
Hybrid Solar Micro-turbine Model:
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3-Results and Discussion
Hybrid Solar Micro-turbine Model:
• Per Unit Hybrid Solar Microturbine Rotor Speed
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3-Results and Discussion
Hybrid Solar Micro-turbine Model:
• Per Unit Hybrid Solar Microturbine Rotor Torque
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3-Results and Discussion
Hybrid Solar Micro-turbine Model:
• Per Unit Hybrid Solar Microturbine Fuel Demand
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3-Results and Discussion
Hybrid Solar Micro-turbine Model:
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800
32
750
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Solar Irradience W/m²
Environmental Temperature (c°)
• The average environmental temperature and solar irradiance for Alexandria
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700
650
600
550
500
450
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Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
400
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
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3-Results and Discussion
Hybrid Solar Micro-turbine Model:
• The average fuel consumption and money saved per day.
•The fuel price for the year 2013 is 70 cent/litres.
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4-Conclusion
Conclusions:
1- A detailed simulation model of a hybrid solar micro-turbine is implemented in
MATLAB Simulink™ 7.12.0 using SIMPOWER Systems library.
2- The analytical model described the thermal behavior of the solar heater and its
effect on the amount of the fuel consumed.
3- The hybrid model has been simulated under several PU speed conditions.
4- Results showed the performance and the amount of annual fuel savings.
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Thank You
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