IE 419/519
Wireless Networks
Lecture Notes #1
Course Introduction
IE 419/519 Personnel
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Instructor:
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Dr. J. David Porter
Office
420 Rogers Hall
Phone
(541) 737-2446
Email
david.porter@oregonstate.edu
Office hours M W 4:00 – 5:30PM
By Appointment
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Textbook
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Stallings, W.,
Wireless
Communications
& Networks,
2nd Edition,
Prentice Hall,
2005
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Book References
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Stallings, W., Data & Computer Communications, 9th
Edition, Prentice Hall, 2011
Palmer, R., The Bar Code Book, 5th Edition,
Helmer’s Publishing, 2007
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Any Visual Basic programming reference book
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Any MS Access programming reference book
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IE 419/519 Websites
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Course’s Web Site
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Book’s Web Site
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http://classes.engr.oregonstate.edu/mime/winter2013/ie519
http://williamstallings.com/WirelessCommunications/
Students are responsible for checking course’s web
site on a regular basis for updates
 Lecture notes will be posted there
 PowerPoint format
 Course Announcements
 Homework Assignments
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Course Format
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Lectures
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Two sessions per week
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T Th 10:00 – 11:20AM Rogers 332
Reading Assignments
Homework Assignments
Midterm Examination
Final Examination
Term Project
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Course Learning Outcomes
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All students completing IE 419 or IE 519 should be able to:
1. Understand different types of wireless local area network (WLAN)
technologies.
2. Understand the significance that specific layers of the TCP/IP protocol
have in wireless communications.
3. Identify the different types of wireless communications protocols
contained in the IEEE 802.11 WLAN standard.
4. Identify the most critical antenna design parameters and understand
their impact in wireless communications.
5. Understand radio frequency (RF) propagation.
6. Understand spread spectrum technology.
7. Demonstrate knowledge of concepts related with alternative wireless
technologies such as radio frequency identification (RFID).
8. Demonstrate the ability to design and implement a wireless data
collection system.
9. Demonstrate the ability to communicate and document technical
information in a professional, structured, timely, and effective manner.
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Grading Criteria
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Homework
Midterm
Final Exam
Term Project*
15%
25%
25%
35%
*A
student must attend at least 90% of the
lecture sessions to be eligible to receive credit
for the term project.
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Course Policies
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Reading Assignments
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Reading assignments are required for ALL lecture
sessions
Students are strongly advised to complete these
assignments before attending the corresponding
lecture
Homework
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Should be submitted at the beginning of the class
on the day is due
Late assignments will not be allowed
Must be completed individually, unless otherwise
specified by the instructor
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Course Policies
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Examinations
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Students are expected to take the examinations
on the scheduled dates
If a student is unable to attend an exam due to
verifiable unforeseeable reasons (e.g., illness,
accident, etc.), the instructor will, at his discretion,
decide whether to designate a make-up date and
time for the examination or to shift the weight of
the missed examination to the final exam
Exams will be closed-book and closed-notes
The final exam will be cumulative
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The Term Project
When Are Mobile Solutions Appropriate?
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When the business currently uses paper forms
When employees need to analyze the information
collected at the point of action
When the business suffers from
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Poor communications between the office, floor, warehouse,
and field
Long accounts receivable cycles and/or poor customer
satisfaction
When the business involves inspections, inventory
control, auditing, or market research
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Great opportunities to improve productivity and efficiency
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Wireless System Architecture
2.- Database system
3.- Graphic User Interface
1.- Client Application
Wireless
Bar code
Scanner
Access
Point
Host
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Requirements
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Identify Candidate Application Domain
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Database System
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MS Access
Graphic User Interface
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Must include at least two sequential processes
MS Access
Visual Basic/Visual C++
Client Application
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Wavelink Studio
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Term Project Deliverables
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Project Proposal
Weekly Status Report
Final Written Report
Final Presentation
Project Demo
Peer Evaluation
Project Documentation CD
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Current
Process
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R2W
Proposed
Process
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Introduction
Evolution of Wireless Technology
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Nikola Tesla
 Invented radio communications
Guglielmo Marconi
 Sent telegraphic signals across the Atlantic Ocean
Communications satellites launched in 1960s
Advances in wireless technology
 Radio, television, mobile telephone,
communication satellites
More recently
 Satellite communications, wireless networking,
cellular technology
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Broadband Wireless Technology
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Higher data rates achievable with broadband
wireless technology
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Graphics, video, audio
Shares same advantages of all wireless
services
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Wireless Technologies
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Unlicensed Frequency Spectrum
 Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM)
915 MHz
 2.45 GHz
 5.8 GHz
Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi)
 Based on IEEE 802.11 standards
 Refers to 802.11-compatible products certified as
interoperable by the Wi-Fi Alliance
 Covers office and home based LANs as well as hotspots
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Comparison of Wi-Fi Standards
IEEE Standard
Data Rate
Frequency Band
Notes
802.11
1 Mbps
2 Mbps
2.4 GHz
First standard
(1997). Used
both DSSS &
FHSS.
802.11a
Up to 54 Mbps
5 GHz
Second standard
(1999). Products
not released until
late 2000.
802.11b
5.5 Mbps
11 Mbps
2.4 GHz
Third standard
but second wave
of products
(1999). Most
common.
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Comparison of Wi-Fi Standards
IEEE Standard
Data Rate
Frequency Band
802.11g
Up to 54 Mbps
2.4 GHz
802.11n
Up to 600 Mbps 5 GHz and/or 2.4
MIMO (multiple GHz
input multiple
output)
Notes
Standard
approved in June
2003.
Released in
2008. Full
approval
expected in
December 2009.
Next generation?
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Wireless Technologies
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(cont.)
Unlicensed Frequency Spectrum
 Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure
(U-NII)
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U-NII devices do not require licensing
Designated to provide short-range, high-speed wireless
networking communication at low cost
Three frequency bands (100 MHz each) were set aside
by the FCC in 1997
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Objective was to help schools connect to the Internet
without the need for hard wiring
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Wireless Technologies
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(cont.)
Unlicensed Frequency Spectrum
 Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure
(U-NII)
Maximum
Output Power
Designation
Frequency Band
Use
U-NII-1
5.15 – 5.25GHz
50 mW
Indoor only
U-NII-2
5.25 – 5.35 GHz
250 mW
Outdoor and indoor
U-NII-2e*
5.47 – 5.725 GHz
250 mW
Outdoor and indoor
U-NII-3
5.725 – 5.825 GHz
1W
Outdoor only
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Wireless Technologies
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(cont.)
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
(WiMAX)
 Similar to Wi-Fi
 Range of 40-50 Km
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Wireless alternative to cable, DSL, and T1/E1 for lastmile broadband access
Initial developments were in fixed locations but a
mobile version was also developed
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Wireless Technologies
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(cont.)
ZigBee
 Standard ratified on Dec 9, 2004
 Enables reliable, cost-effective, low-power,
wirelessly networked, monitoring and control
products based on an open global standard
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Targeted to sensors and control devices that do not
require high bandwidths but do require low latency and
very low power consumption
Initial markets
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Home control
Building Automation
Industrial Automation
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Wireless Technologies
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(cont.)
Ultrawideband
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According to the FCC, ultrawideband is any radio technology
with a spectrum that occupies greater than 20% of the
center frequency or a minimum of 500MHz
An UWB system provides a wireless PAN
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Data payload communication capabilities of 53.3, 80, 110, 160,
200, 320, 400, and 480 Mb/s
Employs orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)
Technology specification developed by MultiBand OFDM
Alliance (MBOA)
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Over 170 member companies
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Limitations and Difficulties
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Limitations as well as political and technical
difficulties inhibit wireless technologies
Lack of an industry-wide standard
Device limitations
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Small LCD on a mobile telephone can only display
a few lines of text
Browsers of most mobile wireless devices use
wireless markup language (WML) instead of HTML
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Standards Organizations
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National Technical Standard-Setting
Organizations:
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American National Standards Institute
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Inc
National Institute of Standards and Technology
International Standard-Setting Organizations:
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International Telecommunication Union
International Standards Organization
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
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Wireless Technology & Governance
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Federal Communications Commission
National Telecommunications and Information
Administration
Cellular Telecommunications Industry
Association
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